Ngubani owenza i-pacifist? Wenzani?

Ingcamango "ye-pacifism" ivela kwiLiLatini elithi pacificus (ukuqiniswa, ukuthula). Abameli beli ntshukumo kunye nokugwetywa kubhekisela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo yempi, bachasene nazo zonke iintlobo zeklasi okanye umzabalazo wezopolitiko. Kukholelwa ukuba nayiphi na ingxabano kumgangatho welizwe kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kufuneka ixazululwe ngoxolo, ngokusebenzisa intetho enokwakha.

Ngubani owenza i-pacifist? Wonke ummeli wale ntshukumo ngumntu osasaza ubomi obunokuthula kuluntu. Kodwa ekupheleni kwekhulu lemashumi mabini, ngexesha lokukhuthazwa ngokukhawuleza kweengcamango zoluntu ngokubanzi, i-pacifism yagwetywa yienkokeli zenguqulelo. Kungenxa yesimo sengqondo sakhe esinokuthula kunye nesimo sengqondo sokunceda abantu banoma iyiphi nayiphi na iklasi, ekubeni imbono yobukhomanisi yazisa umzabalazo wempi wabasebenzi ngokuchasene nesityebi esisisityebi sabantu (i-bourgeoisie). Emva kokubanjwa kwamandla eRussia, wonke umntu ongu-pacifist wayexhaswa ngabaguqukeli. Injongo yegama - ukugcinwa koxolo - akazange awanelise ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yezopolitiko.

Abantu bokuqala abanombuzo malunga nokuba ngubani ongu-pacifist onjalo, abahlali beBritani. Kwakukho kweli lizwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX ukuba le ntshukumo yenziwa kwaye yaqala ukusasazeka. Imibutho yama-pacifist yabonakala ngokukhawuleza e-United States. Ukuqhubela phambili kwiYurophu.

Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinamibini, abavukeli bezenzo ezenziwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngeengcebiso zokunqanda zonke iintlobo zeemfazwe, ukulungiselela ukulwa nezixhobo zenyukliya ngokupheleleyo. Ekubuyeleni, kwacetyiswa ukuba kuququzelelwe iinkundla zomlambo zangaphandle kunye nooncedo lwabo ukulungisa zonke iingxabano kumgangatho welizwe.

Namhlanje, umbuzo othi ngubani onjalo, ongenakuvela kakhulu kunoma ubani. Ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi yenkohlakalo yenkohlakalo isele ibonakalise ehlabathini lonke. Iipasififuthi zihlala ziququzelele izenzo ezininzi, zifuna ukulungiswa ngokuzinzileyo kwempi yezempi. Ukongezelela, baphikisana ngokungapheli kunye nezopolitiko, bezama ukubonisa ubungqina babo.

Kodwa ukukhawulela okanye ukukhuphela ngokupheleleyo umkhosi wempi njengethuba lokulungisa iingxabano zezopolitiko ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Uninzi lwezopolitiko zehlabathi zikhangeleka ngokugqithiseleyo kuma-pacifists kwaye aziqwalasele izimvo zabo ngobomi obufanelekileyo. Ngayiphi indlela, ukunyakaza kuye kwahluleka ukufikelela kwiziphumo eziphambili kwimisebenzi yalo.

Kwinqanaba lenkolo, nathi siyazi ukuba ngubani ongu-pacifist. Ukuba amaKatolika kunye namaKristu oOthodox avumela ezinye iintlobo zomzabalazo olwaxhobileyo, ezifana nokukhusela urhulumente ngokungeniswa, umzekelo, amaProthestani ahlukeneyo ngokulwa neemfazwe. Le nqulo iyalahla ukusebenzisa izixhobo kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Wonke umntu ongumProtestanti uyisiguqu. E-US, iProtestanti inokuphuhliswa kakhulu njengenkolo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukubonakaliswa kwenkqubo ye-pacifist kunye nemiboniso. Kodwa zininzi zazo eYurophu. Kwi-CIS, ukunyakaza kunabalandeli bayo, kodwa kuphuhliswa kakuhle, kuba ubuKristu bama-Orthodox nobuSulumane bubangelwa.

Ngokubhekisele kumbuzo wobuqu kwiinkonzo, iinjongo zawo zihambelane neProtestanti. Olu bhaptizo, iMethodism, iAnglican, iCalvin nabanye. Bahluke omnye komnye ekuchazeni kwabo izibhalo, ngeendlela abaqhuba ngayo iinkonzo zikaThixo, kodwa zihlanganiswa yinto eqhelekileyo yokuhamba.