Mark Tven: ibhayografi elifutshane kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Mark Tven, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane imelwe kwinqaku ngezantsi, i umbhali owaziwa kakuhle. Uthando lwakhe nentlonelo lonke ihlabathi, ke yena wazixuna waduma kunye italente yakhe. Njani imini yakhe, yintoni ebalulekileyo kuye kwenzeka ebomini bakhe? Iimpendulo ufunde ngezantsi.

A bit lombhali

Works of Mark Twain ukufunda esikolweni, njengoko ziyingxenye kwikhondo efunekayo. Bonke abantu abadala kunye nabantu abatsha banolwazi lo mbhali, ngoko nanku ngobomi emfutshane Mark Twain kwibakala 5, kuba ngeenxa xesha abantwana aqhelane kwincwadi yakhe umdla. hero yethu ngumbhali nje kuphela, kodwa umntu yokuphila asebenzayo. ubuchule wakhe zahlukahlukene kakhulu kwaye ibonisa umendo ebomini - ezifana abazizityebi motley. Wabhala neentlobo ezininzi, ukusukela uvuthondaba kunye nesiphelo isicatshulwa bulumko. Kwimeko nganye kuzo wahlala zobuntu lokwenyaniso. Xa kwincopho ethandwayo zaso ingqalelo omnye baseMelika mkhulu. koqobo Russian wathetha ngayo ogudileyo kunene; ingakumbi Gorky kunye Kuprin. Kabili, baba Bulelani edumileyo iincwadi zakhe - "The Adventures of uTom iSawyer Hall" yaye "Huckleberry Finn."

ebuntwaneni

Mark Tven, engobomi wakhe elifutshane - isihloko kwethu nqaku, wazalelwa Missouri ekwindla ka-1845. Emva kwexesha elithile, usapho utshintshe indawo yabo yokuhlala, wafudukela kwisixeko ithawula. wachaza ngokufuthi iincwadi zakhe, abahlali yalo mzi. Wafa nje emva kokuba intloko-ntsapho, yaye uxanduva yonke udlule abafana abaselula. Lo mzalwana omdala eganiweyo sokushicilela, ukuba ngandlel 'iintsapho zabo. Клеменс) пытался внести свою лепту, поэтому подрабатывал у брата наборщиком текста, а позже – автором статей. Mark Tven (igama lokwenyani - Semyuel Lenghorn Clemens) wazama ukwenza igalelo, ngoko umzalwana wam ifumene Typewriting, yaye kamva - kumbhali. Lo mfo-zihlanjiwe, nesikhazimlayo nobuganga ukubhala amanqaku kuphela xa umninawa wakhe omdala Orion ndaweni ithile ixesha elide ngasekhohlo.

Xa War Civil waqalisa, uSamuweli wagqiba ukuzama i pilot ebhodini. Kungekudala wabuya evela nohambo kunye wagqiba ukushiya to- zemfazwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Umbhali elizayo Kudla ngokuthiwa ukuba okulwa, ange Ukuphila kwakhe umsebenzi umqhubi. Ngowe-1861 wathumela ukuya ngasentshona - apho isilivere yayiveliswa. Musa va umtsalane lokwenyaniso ityala ekhethiweyo, ugqiba ukuba phezulu lobuntatheli. Kufuna umsebenzi kwelinye iphephandaba e Virginia, yaye xa Clemens waqalisa ukubhala sele phantsi gama lakhe.

alias

Igama ngokwenene hero yethu kaSamuweli Clemens. Wandixelela ukuba igama lakhe yavela ngexesha enguvulindlela emkhombeni, kusetyenziswa imiqathango navigation lomlambo. Ngokoqobo lithetha "uphawu ezimbini". Kukho olunye uhlobo lwale imvelaphi isiqhulo. Ngowe-1861, Artemus Ward wapapasha ibali elihlekisayo malunga oomatiloshe ezintathu. Omnye wabo kuthiwa M. Twain. Eyona umdla kukuba S. Klemenes wayemthanda yaye ngokufuthi esidlangalaleni ukufunda imisebenzi A. Ward.

impumelelo

Biography of Mark Twain (ngokufutshane) lubonisa ukuba 1860, emva kokuba umbhali eYurophu, wapapasha incwadi ebizwa ngokuba 'amsulwa Amazwe ". Yaba yena kuqala wamsa udumo kunye Society zoncwadi of America ekugqibeleni safikelela umbhali oselula ingqalelo yakhe.

Ngaphandle ngokubhala, yintoni enye wahlala Mark Tven? biography Mfutshane abantwana baya kukuxelela ukuba phantse elishumi, umbhali iwela eluthandweni yaye wafudukela Hartvord ku ngomtshakazi. Kwangaxesha nye, waqala agxeke kuluntu American kwiincwadi zakhe satirical kunye nezifundo ezikolweni.

Biography of Mark Twain e IsiNgesi (short) iyasixelela ukuba 1976 umbhali apapasha incwadi ethi 'The Adventures of uTom iSawyer Hall, "nto leyo wamzisa waduma ehlabathini lonke kwixesha elizayo. kweminyaka 8 kamva wabhala incwadi eyaziwa yesibini othi "The Adventures of Gekklberri Finn." Le noveli ithandwayo umlando yombhali "INkosana kunye wehlwempu."

Science nezinye izinto

Is unento yokwenza nenzululwazi Mark Tven? biography olufutshane umbhali nje akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ukukhankanywa inzululwazi! Waba nomdla kakhulu izimvo ezintsha kunye neengcamango. umhlobo wakhe olungileyo yaba Nikola Tesla, naye lokubandakanyeka kwezinye experiments. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba abahlobo ababini ayikwazi iwotshi ngaphandle kwilebhu, wenza esinye experiment. Kwenye yeencwadi zakhe umbhali usebenzise iinkcukacha osisityebi zobugcisa, ayegcwele iinkcukacha zincinane. Oku kubonisa ukuba ungayazi nje namanye amagama. Enyanisweni, ukuba babe nolwazi olunzulu kwiindawo ezininzi.

Ngaphezu asithandayo Mark Tven? biography emfutshane uya kukuxelela ukuba wayesisithethi entle kwaye isoloko isenziwa ekuhleni. Yena mazifake nje umoya ndingumphulaphuli yaye ungavumeli ahambe de kube sekupheleni intetho yakhe. Ukuqonda indlela obachaphazela ngayo unokuba ebantwini nokuba sele kukho inani elaneleyo unamakhonkco luncedo, ongumbhali benza ukuba ekufumaneni italente entsha kwaye kubanceda atyhudise, ukubonisa italente yabo. Ngelishwa, uninzi iirekhodi iintetho zakhe nokubonakala zikawonke zalahleka nje. Abanye ke akasivumeli ukuba ukupapasha.

Kwakhona mabili waba Mason. I-Lodge "Polar Star", weza St. Louis entwasahlobo ka-1861.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Ixesha inzima umbhali yaba kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela yobomi. Kubonakala ukuba zonke iingxaki bagqiba lokuhlase- kwaoko. Xa uncwadi Ndabona ukwehla amagunya yakhe yendalo, kwaye ngexesha elinye imeko yemali zimbi kakhulu. Emva koko, wabandezeleka intaba enkulu, wabulala umfazi wakhe Oliviya Lengdon, yaye abathathu kubantwana abane. Okumangalisayo kukuba, Mark Twain nangoku wazama ukuba ningethi, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu eqhula! Wafa umbhali enkulu aneziphiwo entwasahlobo ka-1910 angina.