Ziimveliso ezisulungekileyo: imizekelo. Ukulungiswa kwezinto ehlambulukileyo

ubomi bethu lonke ngokoqobo yakhelwe phezu umsebenzi kweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo. Thina siphefumle umoya eliqulethe nobuninzi zegesi ezahlukeneyo. Le mveliso carbon dioxide, nto leyo ke kusingathwa izityalo. Siya kusela amanzi okanye ubisi, nto leyo umxube wamanzi kunye namanye amacandelo (amanqatha, iiminerali, iiproteins, njalo njalo).

apple Banal - yiseti kweekhemikhali ezintsonkothileyo ezisebenzisana omnye nomnye kunye umzimba. Kamsinya nje into ingena esiswini yethu, izinto eziqulathwe kule mveliso, siye wendele, baqale basebenzisane incindi esiswini. Yonke into eyodwa: umntu imifuno, isilwanyana - iseti amasuntswana zingangeni. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: izinto nyulu kunye nemixube. Kweli nqaku siza baqonde ukuba izinto zicocekile kwaye zihlelwa kwimixube. Qwalasela iindlela ukwahlula imixube. Kwakhona khangela imizekelo imifuziselo izinto ehlambulukileyo.

izinto ezihlambulukileyo

Ngoko ke, xa chemistry izinto zicocekile - ezo izinto esoloko kuqulatha nje uhlobo olunye yamasuntswana. Nguwo ke lo mhlaba yokuqala ebalulekileyo. into Pure ngamanzi, umz, nezibabandakanya kuphela iimolekyuli zamanzi (ngamanye amazwi, wayo). Njengoko into olunyulu usoloko sisincoko rhoqo. Ngenxa yoko, molecule ngamnye amanzi ali-athom ezimbini yeehidrojeni neoksijini atom.

Iimpawu kwezinto ehlambulukileyo, ngokungafaniyo umxube wezinto umlinganiswa esisigxina kunye notshintsho imbonakalo xa ukungcola. amanzi Yek kuphela na indawo okubila Guinea amathumba kwiqondo eliphezulu. Kufuneka Makukhunjulwe ukuba nayiphi na into esulungekileyo akucacanga ngokupheleleyo, kuba aluminium esulungekileyo ine ukungcola kwi ekwakhiweni, nangona has a share ka-0.001%. Umbuzo othi, ukuze wazi ubunzima kwento ehlambulukileyo? Ifomula kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: - m (ubunzima) ukwimo ecocekileyo = W (xi) umxube iziyobisi esulungekileyo / 100%.

Kukho kwakhona uhlobo kwezinto ehlambulukileyo ezifana zizinto kakhulu nyulu (ultra-nyulu, aphezulu-ubunyulu). izinto ezifana zisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni semiconductors ezahlukeneyo yokulinganisa kunye becomputing izixhobo, amandla enyukliya nakwezinye iinkalo ezininzi zobungcali.

Imizekelo kwezinto ehlambulukileyo

Siye safumanisa ukuba into esulungekileyo kukuba iqulethe izinto eziphilayo omnye. Umzekelo omhle into qwa abe njengekhephu. Enyanisweni ke amanzi efanayo, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo ukuba amanzi, nto leyo sidibana yonke imihla, amanzi icoceke kakhulu kwaye aliqulathanga ukungcola. Diamond kwakhona into esulungekileyo kuba iqulathe carbon kuphela ngaphandle ukungcola. Kwakhona kusebenza liyanyikima nomkhenkce. Yonke imihla sijamelene omnye umzekelo izinto ecocekileyo - evuthiswe iswekile, oluqulathe sucrose enye kuphela.

imixube

Sele sibonile imizekelo kwezinto ehlambulukileyo kunye nezinto ehlambulukileyo, ngoku udlulele kwenye udidi kwezinto - mixube. Lo mxube - xa izinto eziliqela zixubene omnye nomnye. Sijamelene kunye nemixube rhoqo, nkqu ekhaya. Le iti okanye isepha isisombululo esifanayo ngumxube ukuba sisebenzise yonke imihla. Imixube adalwe umntu, kwaye ibe zendalo. Ba eqinileyo, ulwelo kunye nesimo sukube. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, yiti lowo umxube wamanzi, iswekile kunye neti. Lo ngumzekelo we umxube wadala ngumntu. Ubisi ngumxube yendalo, njengoko livela, ngaphandle koncedo lomntu kwinkqubo yophuhliso kwaye iqulathe amacandelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

Umxube womntu-phantse ngalo lonke ixesha elide kwaye zendalo phantsi kwempembelelo ubushushu kuqala iba ibe amasuntswana ngamnye (ubisi, umzekelo, iba emuncu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa). Imixube nabo yahlulwe owahlukeneyo kwaye eyohlobo olulodwa. imixube owahlukeneyo ezi owahlukeneyo, kunye namacandelo zabo alibonakali ngeliso lenyama kwaye ngemicroscope. imixube ezo zibizwa ngokuba zokumiswa, leyo ke yona bahlulwe ukunqunyanyiswa (izinto eziqinileyo kunye kweziyobisi zikarhulumente engamanzi) kunye emulsion (izinto ezimbini ukwimeko engamanzi). Lo mxube eyohlobo olulodwa eyohlobo olulodwa, kunye namacandelo zawo ayikwazi aziyi kuqwalaselwa. Kananjalo kuthiwa izisombululo (izinto banokuba ingangumoya, engamanzi okanye urhulumente okuqinileyo).

Iimpawu imixube zingangeni ehlambulukileyo

Ukunenzela lula, ulwazi lunikezelwa ngendlela tabular.

Iindlela zokufumana izinto ehlambulukileyo

Kwindalo, zininzi izinto eluhlobo kwimixube. Asetyenziswe ngayo Pharmacology kunye nemveliso mveliso.

Izinto obumsulwa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokwahlukana. Lo mxube owahlukeneyo wahlulwe yokulungisa kunye nama. imixube eyohlobo yahlulwa ngumphunga kunye ulwelo. Cinga indlela ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo.

azinze

Le ndlela isetyenziswa eyahlula zokumiswa, ezifana ngomxube wesanti lomlambo ngamanzi. Umgaqo esingundoqo esekelwe inkqubo neentlenge, ngumahluko loxinano na izinto ukuze zahlulwe. Ngokomzekelo, into enye nzima kunye namanzi. Yiyiphi nzima ngaphezu kwamanzi msulwa? Le isanti, umzekelo, nto leyo ngenxa yobunzima balo baya kuqala ezantsi. emulsions Ngokufanayo eyahlukileyo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, amanzi lwahlulwe oli yemifuno okanye oyile. Ezi zizinto kwinkqubo ngokwahlukana ibe encinane umboniso amanzi phezu komhlaba. Phantsi kweemeko elebhu, inkqubo efanayo yenziwa usebenzisa ifanele separatory. Le ndlela kwimixube eyahlula isebenza kwindalo (ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka human). Umzekelo, isimemezelo uthuthu lweziko, nomsi ezivela ngeniswa cream ubisi.

yokuhluza

Le ndlela efanelekileyo ukuze bafumane izinto Ndihlambulukile kwimixube owahlukeneyo, umzekelo umxube amanzi kunye netyuwa eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke indlela Internet imisebenzi inkqubo yokwahlula umxube amasuntswana? Undoqo kukuba izinto ngamazinga ahlukeneyo ukunyibilika kunye nobukhulu yamasuntswana.

Lokucoca iyilelwe ukuze akwazi ukuwela kuphela amasuntswana kunye elifanayo okanye ukunyibilika ubungakanani obufanayo ukuba Marathon. ezinkudlwana kunye nezinye ezingafanelekanga ungadluli lokucoca kwaye siza kujongisiswa. Indima lokucoca ukudlala nje kuphela izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nezisombululo ngaphakathi elebhu, kodwa zonke izinto eziqhelekileyo, ezifana uboya, amalahle, udongwe calcined, iglasi licinezelwe kunye nezinye izinto misindo. Amacebo okucoca asetyenziswa ebomini kakhulu eqhelekileyo kakhulu ukuze abonakale nangakumbi.

Ngokwalo mgaqo usebenza kuthi sonke wokutshayela eziqhelekileyo, leyo esahlula amasuntswana ezinkulu uthuli ngobuqili adonsa ezincinane, akakwazi ukonakalisa indlela. Xa ugula, ngoko yambatha ibotshwe igozi, apho unga coca ulwelo ngaphandle iintsholongwane. Abasebenzi abenza umsebenzi unxulunyaniswa ukwanda kwentlanganisela yeegesi nothuli eziyingozi, anxibe respirators ukuba ubakhusele yityhefu.

Ifuthe umazibuthe kunye namanzi

Ngale ndlela kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukwahlula umxube ngumgubo zentsimbi kunye nesalfure. Umgaqo okuhlamba isekelwe phezu imithelela umazibuthe kwi intsimbi. Iron amasuntswana bathanda umazibuthe, ngoxa sulphur iya kuhlala ndawo. Le ndlela inye ingasetyenziswa ukwahlula kwezinye iindawo yenkcenkce ubunzima zizonke izinto ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuba umgubo sulphur oluxutywe nomgubo yentsimbi, uthululele emanzini, amasuntswana sulphur nonwettable zidade ngaphezulu emanzini, lo gama intsimbi enzima nangoko ulele emazantsi.

Abe ngumphunga kunye crystallization

Le ndlela isebenza kunye nomxube bomzi, ezifana ityuwa unyityilikiswa emanzini. Isebenza kwiinkqubo zendalo kunye neemeko elebhu. Umzekelo, amanzi ethile chibi ngumphunga phantsi ubushushu, Neendawo ezinetyuwa uhlala kwindawo yayo. Ukususela imbono imichiza, le nkqubo isekelwe kwinto yokuba umahluko phakathi kwezinto ezimbini abilayo kuthintela ukuba emoyeni ngaxeshanye. amanzi Ingaphela ndobuyela umphunga, Neendawo ezinetyuwa esisashiyekileyo siya kuhlala kwimeko yayo yesiqhelo.

Ukuba into eya idayi (iswekile, umzekelo), Inyibilikile yi zokufudumeza, amanzi hayi ngumphunga ngokupheleleyo. Lo mxube kuqala itshiswa ngoko umxube ngenxa iguqulwe kancincane nimane amasuntswana iswekile lahlala phezu emazantsi. Maxa wambi kuba nzima ngakumbi - ukwahlulwa izinto kunye ingongoma eliphezulu abilayo. Umzekelo, ukwahlulwa amanzi amtyuba. Kulo mzekelo, izinto vaporized ukuba kuqokelelwa, epholileyo ziyahlangana. Le ndlela kuthiwa kokwahlulwa kwimixube yohlobo olunye ulwelo (okanye neyanamhlanje). Kukho izixhobo ezikhethekileyo enkolo amanzi. manzi (Yek) sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi Pharmacology okanye kwiinkqubo lungapholi emotweni. Kakade ke, abantu indlela olunye enkolo utywala.

chromatography

Indlela yokugqibela kukwahlukaniswa - chromatography. Oku kusekelwe into yokuba ezinye izinto bafunxa nezinye izithako izinto. Oku isebenza ngolu hlobo. Ukuba uthatha isiziba yephepha okanye ilaphu, apho into ibhalwe ngainki kuzivala yinxalenye emanzini, uya uqaphele oku kulandelayo: Amanzi iya kuqala iphepha izifunxi okanye ilaphu, yaye uya kunyuka, kodwa colorant iya kuba kancinane ngasemva. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela MS umbala Isazinzulu ukuba ezahlula yiklorofili (iziyobisi enika izityalo umbala eluhlaza) ukusuka kwiindawo uhlaza kwisityalo.