LweNdibano phantsi Peter 1. INdibano uPetros. Culture phantsi Peter 1

Ummiselo kwiindibano, epapashwe yi-Peter 1, waba unyaka wenguquko kubomi yabantu ezidolophini, nto ngokukodwa elichaphazelekayo kwenkululeko zokuzonwabisa. NgoNovemba kuqala 1718 abafazi baba unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zoluntu. Umnyango iNdibano kufuneka luvuleleke kubo bonke abantu abaye baba nethuba ukunxiba kakuhle, hayi kuphela ukuba abakhonzi kunye nabalimi. Culture phantsi Peter 1 wayelingana ishishini ebalulekileyo,-ofisi kunye nemiba yoluntu.

ngumba

1 Petros wayekholelwa ukuba kuphela ityala kufuneka igcinwe nengqiqo, kodwa zokuzonwabisa kufuneka zilungiswe ngokunjalo. Nkqu ikhefu yobukhosi ngqo kwi kwakhona Russia. Wayekholelwa ukuba nomdla woluntu kubaluleke ngakumbi zobuqu.

Ukumkani wayefuna ukubeka inkcubeko Russian belingana kunye amazwe aseYurophu. baphenjelelwa kakhulu bubukho Peter 1 phakathi oonyana bolunye uhlanga iWeb iihambo ukuya eYurophu. Kwiinzame ukwenza eRashiya khangela ngathi urhulumente mihla yaseYurophu, umlawuli laqalisa iinguqu ezintsha ezinxulumene kwinkonzo kunye nokuzonwabisa. Kodwa wokuguqula, njengoko yaziwa, ezaziyibophelela zonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha.

Yintoni iNdibano?

"Assembly" - igama French elibhekisela kuyo iintlobo zemisebenzi kunye neziganeko. Okokuqala, ukuba zokuzonwabisa nolonwabo, yaye okwesibini, isigqibo kunye nengxoxo izinto zoshishino ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukubaluleka yesizwe. Ngexesha elifutshane iNdibano Peter 1 baye isiko kunye nembali wenza. Emva kokufa kwakhe, mhlawumbi zitshintshile kancinane, kodwa ndandikuthanda ukuba udumo eluntwini.

kwiimeko zogunyaziso

Ipapashwe ummiselo Peter 1 kwi amabandla ziquka uluhlu iimfuno:

• ukwazisa malunga oluzayo iNdibano kufuneka lubhalwe phantsi;
• ucacise besini iindwendwe (abanye abekhona nokuba yindoda okanye predstatel nobudala);
• uqala umcimbi kufuneka kube ngaphambi kwe iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintlanu;
• Kufuneka ugcwalise ibandla ungadlulanga ezinzulwini zobusuku;
• host akufuneki ukuhlangabezana, ampheleke okanye regale iindwendwe wakhe, umsebenzi wakhe kuphela yokubonelela ngendawo lokudloba, esidla, esela, ngokwetafile, kwakunye nemidlalo ukuba inikeza kwiindwendwe zawo ukudlala.

Ngokulandela le mithetho, wonke umntu singahlangana ubumnandi.

sengqondo ibandla

Inkcubeko lama Peter 1 zifuna imvume ziinkokeli zonqulo. I koMlawuli wayeqinisekile ukuba ummiselo wakhe kwiindibano akuyi kusebenza ngaphandle kwemvume ibandla. Wayesazi ukuba abantu babe noloyiko engcwele njengoko uthixo emhlabeni, kodwa wayesazi ukuba ukoyika esihogweni ukuwa le mfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo - ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ukuze ukutshintsha eliphikisayo zemveli ngokunxulumene ekungqungqeni, yena ezitsala imisebenzi abamnyama abefundisi wempangelo. Ngokutsho ummiselo yakhe Sinodi ukususela 1723, iNdibano esekwe kwi nezigodlo eMoscow. Kwaye on December 29 nyaka ukuba kubanjwe indibano yokuqala Donskoy Monastery Archimandrite. Lenza amalungiselelo ukuba umongameli Sinodi of ooBhishophu eMoscow eMonastri, uTheodosius uBhishophu Novgorod, amagosa synodal ofisi, kwakunye uBhishophu Krutitskogo Leonida kunye nabanye. Akwasala aneliseke ngale ntshukumo, kodwa kuzo iNdibano waba impendulo eyakhayo.

LweNdibano phantsi Peter 1

Ngokwesiko le senzo ukusuka ifanitshala wakhululwa amagumbi ezine ezinkulu. Lokuqala - lokudloba; elilandelayo - to talk, omnye - yamadoda ndatshaya icuba, besela iwayini, kunye lokugqibela - kuba umdlalo Checkers okanye chess. Ukuba indlu ngakuba umkhulu kangaka ukwenza amagumbi amane, yonke intshukumo kwenzeka kwi gumbi elifanayo. Noko ke, oko kugula kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba umdaniso izandi, iincoko, ivumba icuba kunye ezinxilisayo neziselo ezingamfanelanga kuluntu amanenekazi '.

isiko

LweNdibano phantsi Peter 1 wanika zonke zayo nayo. Maxa wambi ukumkani isigqibo sokuba ngubani bonke kufuneka iqokelelwe kwi kwixesha elilandelayo. Usuku kunye nexesha ibandla ezibhengezwe ababethethela yinkundla, malunga lwazisa amagubu neentengiso ukuba waxhonywa emagumbini onke. Xa nomthetho wakhe Peter 1 echaza iimbalasane mibhiyozo. Ndwendwela umcimbi into yokuba zonke kakuhle abanxibe abantu, kodwa hayi loo abakhonzi kunye nabalimi. Phakathi kweendwendwe sadibana abanumzana, namagosa, abarhwebi abazizityebi, abefundisi, amachule kunye oomatiloshe zesiqhelo. amadoda atshatileyo ngokuyimfuneko bethabathe nabo abafazi babo neentombi likhule.

Ngenxa yesithethe, umnini-mhlaba ukuze ukhethe amantombazana aselula ukumkanikazi ibhola. Emva konyulo, wamnikela ukuba live wavuka. Emva kokuba isiganeko iKumkanikazi abaziphumeleleyo lenyuka kwabanye nene. Oku kwakuthetha ukuba ibandla olandelayo kufuneka zibanjwe ekhayeni lakhe.

umculo oluphi

Kudla kule mihlangano Ndidlale a band lobhedu, olu sapho lwaluquka kwemibhobho, oboes, timpani, iimpondo kunye bassoons. Maxa wambi zangamawele, zithabathela yi violin. Dancing abantu eRashiya wafundisa amagosa abebathimbe eSweden, okanye abemi sokubhatala German. Inkqubo yokufunda ubuchule ekudaniswa olucothayo kakhulu.

Ekuqaleni, kwi amabandla ukudlala lubhedu umculo, kodwa 1721 iNkosana Holstein ibiziswe likomkhulu orchestra umtya encinane, nto leyo nangoko zaye zasasazeka kunye noluntu. Ukususela ngoko, oko yaqala ukuvela iimvumi bakhe, izixhobo ezo ngaphandle ngokukodwa abavela kwamanye amazwe. Konke oku imali eninzi kakhulu, kodwa ke iingangamsha babekulungele imali enjalo, njengoko uninzi inokusityeda, le izinduna ukumkani wavuza.

isina

Ke ukuba ukudanisa, ekuqaleni kwaba izaphetha yesiqhelo uhlale-ups umculo, kodwa kamva iNdibano sele baqalisa ukudanisa i minuet kunye polonaise. Iintshukumo aba made kunye umdaniso - zezintlu.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini mcimbi yaba mnandi kunye mobile ezibandakanya oosombali Allemande, ukudanisa lizwe kunye Anglesey leyo wayemthanda ngabantu abatsha. Kwakunyulwe kwisibini sokuqala, leyo kuthiwa ukuza amanyathelo amatsha, yaye abanye kuphindwa emva kwakhe. Owokuqala ukuba babe ngabantu ezahlukeneyo ngexesha, kodwa ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo kumnandi ukuba kuqhubeke ithuba elide kakhulu.

Iimfuneko iindwendwe

1 Petros echazwe ummiselo Assemblies of iimfuno iindwendwe, leyo ke kunyanzelekile ukuba zilandele ukuze unelungelo lokuya iziganeko ezinjalo. Olu luhlu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Guest ukuba zihlanjwe ngononophelo kokuhlambulukileyo;
• abantu kufuneka nakanjani ndachetywa ngenyameko;
• INdibano ayikwazi ukulayisha phezulu, ninxile ngakumbi;
• Kufuneka ube ucoceke kwaye ngeyona enxibe, kodwa hayi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ilungelo amanenekazi;
• abafazi bavunyelwe ukuba basebenzise zokuthambisa, kodwa ngokulinganisela, njengoko kufuneka babe nobubele, zaziwa echwayithileyo;
• Awunako ukulayisha, ukuze isisu akuyiphazamisi zomdaniso ngamandla;
• Qinisekisa ukuba mnandi kwaye kwakha nobuhlobo, Uncumo lwakho kwaye uqale incoko kunye nabanye, ngaba akayi kuvalwa, ahlale kumgama;
• Zingenile endlwini okokuqala, yazi wena kunye nokubekwa nokulungiselela amagumbi, ukukhankanywa into ngokwakhe ukufumana izindlu zangasese;
• Nasewayinini uvumelekile ad libitum, lo gama ukugcina iinyawo xa kungekho esakwazi, imfuneko kubadla isiselo ngoxa ehleli, ngokungathi umntu ukuxoka, ukuba akazange avunyelwe kwifayile;
• Ngaphandle, Ngubani na ongazaziyo izenzo zakhe, uKumkani icebisa ukuba ukuthembela maqabane akhe;
• abo baye uhlanjiweyo kufuneka ukuba ibekwe yodwa ingadityaniswa nezinye ukuze ukuphepha ukuphoxeka krakra;
• Abamenyiweyo wagula nangoko kufuneka ukuya kwigumbi langasese ukuze ukuphazamisa abanye ngeholide;
• amadoda angatshatanga okanye kwabo ngesiganeko ngaphandle kweqabane, balelwa ukujonga amanenekazi;
• akavumelekanga ukuba uchithe izandla zakhe ngelixa ukudanisa, ukuba babethwe kakhulu;
• ngexesha umculo Ingathethelelwa ukuzibandakanya nabantu fun abazibandakanyileyo indlebe umculo ebengekho;
• Oku wakhumbula ukuba umfazi kuhle ukoyisa umculo elinuka;
• bahlanganisana iNdibano yesiZwe begazi, kuquka kukumkani, akazange avunyelwe ukuba kucinywa kwaye uzame ukuba le nkonzo, ingakumbi kwimeko ukunxila.

Ngaba nokuthatha inxaxheba amabandla kunye noPetros 1. Ubudala awayephila kulo, waphawulwa ekuphuhliseni inkcubeko, entsha ulwalathiso umculo nomdaniso, kunye nesinxibo and fun.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba bamabandla Peter 1

Phakathi nemikhosi yazo, okanye abo baya kukumkani, ukuba ithabathe inxaxheba kuyo yonke imisebenzi. Wahamba nge kwiiholo amaxesha ngamaxesha ngokujoyina iinkampani ezahlukeneyo inxaxheba ezingxoxweni zabo. Ukuba yachwayitha intliziyo yakhe, i ngakumbi ngakumbi lincoko akaba nakufunyanwa. Umsebenzi Peter 1 iindibano lancitshiswa nje ukuthetha. Ebekuthanda esina, kwezobugcisa yaba master othile. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi Cavaliers nako kanye ngokufanayo iintshukumo zakhe. Yintoni Peter 1 kwi dance floor, wonke umntu wayesazi neqembu yakhe, kunye neentshukumo zayo inkunkuma kakuhle amarhe kwanaphakathi Abayili.

Wavula umdaniso, ngokuqhelekileyo, uKumkanikazi kunye nomyeni wakhe, iNkosana Holstein, okanye Prince Menshikov. Catherine kule meko yaba umdlalo indoda yakhe. Xa ke babhiyoza ipere, ixesha lokwenza baninzi ezintathu ixhaphayo, lo gama abanye ngababini kokugqiba nje kuqala. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba uKumkanikazi wadanisa kuphela noPetros Omkhulu, kunye nabanye abalingane, yena wakhokela yindawo inyathelo nje ngakumbi kwaye Phalani elula. Nabani langoku akwazi dance with omnye amakhosikazi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba niyazi yonke.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uPetros yeNdibano kuhlala phantsi, imeko baba ngakumbi kwaye ekhululekile ngakumbi. Ngokuthe ngcembe, nabanumzana endala yaphela ukugxeka tu ke neckline kumanenekazi abaselula. Isithethe entsha bephuzana abafazi emva umdaniso akakwazi ukuphatha, yaye imilebe, uyavuya kakhulu Cavaliers.

Celebration of Peter 1

LweNdibano phantsi Peter 1 baba ubukhulu becala uhlobo ebusika zokuzonwabisa. Ehlotyeni, ukumkani wahlela uloyiso yakhe izitiya okanye kweenxweme Neva. Yena, wayeyoliswa kakhulu wemithendeleko ngaphandle, imini lakhe igama lubhiyozelwe egadini ehlotyeni. Kwakhona wayibhiyozela imini 'ubuqaqawuli Victoria "okanye loyiso Poltava. 1 Petros wayazisa isithethe kwaye olu suku lubhiyozelwa sokuthimba amajoni. Lo mnyhadala iqala emva kwemini, malunga ezintlanu nentsimbi ngokuhlwa. Ngelo xesha, ingca enkulu wayaleka yoTshintsho kwaye i bake webutho, kangangokuba ukumkani kuzisa iwayini okanye utywala ngezitya yamaplanga.

Abamenyiweyo ababe kwamenywa ukufikelela khona ngamanzi ecaleni Neva River. Ngaphezu koko, ngokwesithethe ngasechwebeni uKumkanikazi wayedibana neentombi zakhe, ndwendwe bekumele ezandleni zakhe ukuba iglasi yewayini, ukuba mnandi ngakumbi kakhulu, kwenzeka ngokwesicwangciso.

I noMlawuli waye buso umngcelele amisiweyo, wayemthanda umngcelele yimizekeliso kunye akhangeleke, ngoko walungiselela kuzo zonke ithuba. Edume kakhulu phakathi kwabo - ezintlanu azenza. Kuye kwabanjwa ngo 1722 eMoscow lanikezelwa ukuba ngokutyikitya isivumelwano soxolo Nishtatskogo. Kuba iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuba kumbhiyozo ngokobuqu ukumkani clubs zonke iimpahla nxaxheba. Ukuba akukho nto ifana into, ngoko ke kunyanzeleke ukuba ukutshintsha nezinxibo. Iimaski baba kunyanzelekile. Imbali ukhumbula xa, ngexesha ibhola zigqunyiweyo ngo-1724, yeeNgwevu bahlala ngaphandle kokususa iimaski evela ebusweni. Imisebenzi ye Peter 1 ngokunxulumene la mabango obo, kodwa ingqinelane ngokupheleleyo ngomoya ixesha.

Abantu ngokuthe kuquka izithethe ezintsha, ukufunda ukudanisa, iimpahla zam, nkqu isiqalo esitsha ukwenza ishishini. Nangona ukuba imali kakhulu futhi kuyakhathaza, ngokuthe ngcembe uzenza akhangeleke iphalale basiwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla waza wayithimba zinendawo enkulu, isiba ngumkhwa.

Russia phantsi Peter 1 ityatyambile ngathi ithi aseYurophu engqungqa zabo, bands kunye iibhola.

Assembly emva kokufa mlawuli

Emva kokufa kakumkani kunye nezinye Ukubhiyozela kwiNdibano litshintshile kakhulu. Baye ube zokuzonwabisa kuphela iiklasi ephezulu yoluntu. Assembly, iibhola, uzenza akhangeleke ahlelwa kuphela amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu. Le Ingxenye amalungiselelo ngokwam dancing.

Culture phantsi Peter 1 nje kubalulekile nje inkonzo, imicimbi karhulumente. Petra Velikogo Ukufa yaphela khona iindibano, kamva 2 uPetros wazama ukuba ningayihlanguli, kodwa zange isebenze, kwaye ngo-1728 babengayeki ngokupheleleyo ukuba khona. Noko ke, abazange anyamalala ngokupheleleyo, kodwa yaba neebhola kwaye kwanika ukonyuka kuye ubomi behlabathi.

Russia phantsi Peter 1 wayesazi ezininzi iinguqu ezinxulumene zolonwabo kunye nokuzonwabisa. Abanye babo lanempembelelo imbali kwaye baye basinda.