Lung carcinoma: iimpawu, yeqonga, unyango, abantu abane

Ngokufuthi iimpawu umhlaza wemiphunga azikho ngoko nangoko. Kule sifo kusenokuba uphawu nezinye izifo. Xa lokufunyaniswa esi sigulo ugqirha kufuneka amisele uviwo ngokucokisekileyo. unyango ukuba ube nempumelelo, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ukunqanda uphuhliso iingxaki kakhulu kunokuba ngexesha ukufuna uncedo yeengcali. Ngoko ke yintoni na carcinoma semiphunga?

Le ngcamango

Lung umhlaza - carcinoma. Ngamanye amazwi, le neoplasm kwi isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Yenzelwe ukuba ithumba kwingingqi imiphunga okanye neetyhubhu inyumoniya. Phakathi ezimbi oncological lung carcinoma gaba yesibini. Kwaye kwamanye amazwe, yaye wenza kuqala.

Kwimeko yokusilela kugqirha njengalo sifo kungabangela ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo vuhlayiseki. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isifo kunokukhokelela ekufeni. Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba izinga lokusweleka ngenxa carcinoma kwemiphunga anelona nani liphezulu phakathi zomhlaza.

cell Small lung carcinoma

Le yenye uhlobo lomhlaza sokuphefumla. Ngokutsho manani, umhlaza ohlala kuphela 1/5 yenani lilonke zomhlaza. Kudla ngokuba ngezifo of esezantsi-grade carcinoma kwemiphunga.

Olu hlobo lomhlaza olufunyanwa isigulane rhoqo emva kwexesha njengokuba isifo efanayo oncological alukhange mpawu zomlomo wakhe. Nangona kunjalo, esi sifo esibonakala inkqubo yophuhliso ohamba akakhawulezi ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ukuvela metastases.

Uhlobo lwesibini

Uhlobo lwesibini yaziwa ngokuba carcinoma cell non-amancinane. Kule sifo ohlobo eziliqela. yokuhlelwa kwazo kuxhomekeke amalaphu zazingahlali sesi sifo. Okwangoku, ezi zifo zilandelayo uxilongwe:

1. Adenocarcinoma kwemiphunga - yinto neoplasm onobungozi echaphazela ikakhulu abo iiseli abandakanyeka ekuvelisweni yencindi yomlomo. Olu hlobo umhlaza wemiphunga, Ngokwezibalo, gaba yesibini.
2. Large-cell lung carcinoma. Kulo mzekelo, i neoplasm lithatyathwe iseli ukuba imilo ajikelezayo. Ndiyila ithumba kwiingcamba ezingezo-cornified le epithelium. Ngokufuthi, lokuqala isifo esinjalo azithathelwa ngqalelo umguli.
3. carcinoma Glandular - ithumba ibandakanya kwithishyu glandular. umhlaza iqala iiseli cambium ekuthiwa njalo-. Kulo mzekelo, nethumba kufana ibandla angwevu okanye sinombala-yellow ithinti.
4. carcinoma carcinomas kwemiphunga - umhlaza uqala ukuphuhlisa iiseli ngakwimida iindlela zokuphefumla. Le yenye yezinto ezimbi zixhaphakileyo oncological. Ngokutsho manani, esi sifo uhamba phambili.
5. carcinoma Bronchoalveolar - ekubunjweni yamathumba kulo mzekelo ebandakanya iiseli ezenza yencindi, kwakunye nezo zingayifumaniyo cell nto. Inkqubo andise kugcina isakhiwo alveoli ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa sesakhiwo kwemiphunga.

Isizathu esiyintloko kuphuhliso sifo

Lung umhlaza - carcinoma, unobangela apho kutyhilwa bonke. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuvela sifo kunye nempembelelo yeemeko ezithile. Unobangela ibalulekileyo umhlaza wemiphunga ekuthiwa icuba ukutshaya. Ngapha koko, kunye Ityhefu umsi inhalation nomonde wakho umzimba 60 carcinogens, kuquka:

• benzopyrene;
• radioisotopes of radon;
• nitrosamine.

The main Icandelo - nicotine. Le into kunokubangela uphuhliso inani enkulu ezimbi emzimbeni womntu. Enigcoba ugwayi umqalisi yamathumba amabi. Ngapha koko, iyeza uyakwazi zinqanda amajoni omzimba. 10% nje kuphela yabantu enesifo somdlavuza zizifo zamaphaphu, uphuhliso leengxaki sinxulumana ugwayi.

Abo abanezifo mkhuba efanayo, engozini abanye abantu. Uphando lubonise ukuba umsi ophuma emiphungeni ngexesha ukhutshelwa eziyingozi ngaphezu koko bephefumla ngumntu lo utshayayo. Iqulethe amacandelo enobungozi kakhulu. Abo kufuphi lo utshayayo ubunzima ngenxa yemidiza etshaywa ngabanye abantu.

Umonakalo obangelwa icuba, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani wokutshaya, kwakunye amava. Abo bangakwaziyo balahle nalo mkhwa mbi nomsi kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-2, basengozini. Ukongeza, okuninzi kuxhomekeke indlela umntu ufuna iisigarethi ngemini. Ukuba umntu liyayikhaba ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya, inkqubo lula lokubuyisela run.

nezinye izinto

lung carcinoma ukuze aphuhlise nje ngenxa yokutshaya. Kukho nezinye izinto ezibangela uphuhliso izifo ezinjalo. Ezi kufuneka iquke:

1. Uthuli. amasuntswana yayo afaka yomoya emzimbeni, kunokubangela uphuhliso somhlaza. Kule amaqhezu ezibalulekileyo kunye nobukhulu. Kakhulu ngamaqhekeza amancinci kusichukumisa nzulu ijwabu semiphunga.
2. Virus. Ezinye amagciwane kungakhokelela kuphuhliso umhlaza wemiphunga. Bona ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ze hlula cell olungalawulwayo. Phakathi ngamagciwane eso kuthiwa: papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus.
3. Radon. Xa inkqubo kuwohloka uranium bakhululwa Radium eqhumayo. Zombini izinto ziyingozi kakhulu. Noko ke, xa kuwohloka Radium, radon kwakheka. Le igesi ke onako ukuma uphuma zomaleko zehlabathi. konke kuxhomekeke malunga nokuqulunqwa kwenqaku zeengxondorha. Xa olu into uyakwazi ukuba yande izinto ezithile, iindonga zezakhiwo. Gas kungabangela kakuhle uphuhliso carcinoma semiphunga.
4. Asbestos - into leyo kuphakamisa ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zomhlaza.

Eyona engundoqo Iimpawu zesi sifo

ngazo njani carcinoma lung? Iimpawu akufunekanga ivele ixesha elide. Ngokubanzi, ukuba iimpawu zesi sifo kufuneka zibandakanya le miqathango ilandelayo nezifo:

• ukulahleka lokuqonda;
• intloko ebuhlungu okanye isiyezi;
• iingxaki umbono;
• susceptibility kwizifo ezosulelayo izitho zemigudu;
• ukutswina kule ndawo emiphungeni;
• isikhohlela, nto leyo iba umbala omdaka, kwaye equlethe wachuba iindawo begazi;
• ukuphelelwa umoya ezinokuthi kwandiswe ngokwandisa umthwalo;
• fever ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• ndindisholo weminwe;
• ubuhlungu negxalaba;
• ukwehla ngokwasemzimbeni kunye ukungabi namdla;
• ukukhohlela ezingapheliyo;
• iintlungu esifubeni sibi ngempefumlelo enzulu.

Nakuko phambi iimpawu zesifo Ungatsiba sikwinqanaba lokuqala. Eneneni, izifo ezininzi umphunga uneempawu ezifanayo. Ngokupheleleyo balahle isifo kwabangcangcazelisayo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa isanda.

Iimpawu eminye imihlaza izigaba

Ukuba lung carcinoma kukhokelele kuphuhliso iingxaki ezininzi kakhulu, isiguli ubunzima kwezinye iimpawu, kuquka:

• intlungu amathambo;
• iindawo nkovu landile;
• senyongo le sclera kunye nesikhumba.

Inqanaba lesi sifo

Ingozi yale nkqubo sifo kubangelwe ikakhulu izigaba zophuhliso kunye ukusasazeka kwesi sifo hayi kuphela emiphungeni, kodwa kwezinye iithishu kunye namaziko. Okwangoku, oogqirha bathi inqanaba 4 sifo:

1. Isigaba sokuqala. Neoplasm awuchaphazeli inyama osecaleni kwaye nendawo ecacileyo zalapha. Ngenxa yoko ubukhulu Ithumba ayidluli-3 cm. Carcinoma kuchaphazela enye kuphela icandelo bronchus okanye semiphunga.
2. Isigaba sesibini. Ayanda kancinci eyandisiweyo, kunye nobungakanani bayo 6 cm. Le iindawo nkovu kufuphi kuvela unit metastases.
3. Isigaba sesithathu. Kweli nqanaba lenkqubo sifo oko kuchaphazela kuphela kwiindawo nkovu, kodwa ke amalungu ezisecaleni kunye namalaphu: pleura, amathambo, imithambo yegazi, emphinjeni. Kulo mzekelo, i Ithumba cm ezinkulu kuno 6 ngaphaya ingxenye eyodwa.
4. Njengoko kwesi sigaba kubonakala carcinoma lung? Isigaba 4 iingxaki kakhulu ngakumbi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko kunceda isigulane ayisekho kunokwenzeka, njengoko nethumba kwaqhenqetha ngaphaya isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Akukho kuphela, kodwa kwakhona metastases ezikude.

iindlela ezisisiseko kokuxilongwa

Okokuqala, isigulane kufuneka ubone ugqirha, owathi, emva kokuba uhlolo ngokucokisekileyo liya kumisela elongeziweyo loviwo. Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezininzi ngoxilongo carcinoma semiphunga. Ezi ziquka:

• bronchoscopy;
• iimviwo X-ray;
• biopsy;
• omaka umhlaza;
• ultrasound.

indlela ngamnye uneempawu zawo. Ukuba ukufumanisa ubukho komhlaza ngezifo kwi lokuqala lophuhliso. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ngexesha ukubona yincutshe.

Ingaba lukhona unyango

Njani umhlaza wemiphunga? Unyango kufuneka wenziwe ngokukhawuleza. Kungenjalo, umhlaza uza kunyuka. Ngoko ke, indlela engundoqo unyango - uqhaqho. Ukuba imeko iyasivumela, luthe lwancothulwa kuphela nethumba kodwa makafake nkovu node inyama ezikufutshane.

Ukuba ungenelelo olungele akwenzeki, ukusebenzisa iindlela lokudambisa ukuba Unganciphisa ngokubonakalayo imeko yesigulane. Ukuba mzuzu liphosiwe, yaye kwakukho metastases ezikude, ngoko ukusuka amakhambi inkunkuma.

Oku kusebenza nokokuba ichemotherapy and radiation therapy

Ukhetho Indlela unyango kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ibakala carcinoma semiphunga. Drug chemotherapy sikhethelwe ukuba isigulane ngamnye. Indlela kuphela ukujongana kuloo hlobo lomhlaza, nolwathi safunyanwa umguli. unyango olunjalo ngcono imeko yomguli, lo gama ukunciphisa ubungakanani thumba. Noko ke, ukuze bawubuyise ngokupheleleyo umntu sesi sifo le ndlela, ngelishwa, akavumeli.

Chemotherapy ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa ukulungiselela umntu uqhaqho. Nayo ancame kwaye emva kotyando ukuze ngokupheleleyo iiseli abachaphazelekayo kungadala ukuphinda carcinoma. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwezinye iimeko, ichemotherapy iboniswe ngenxa kuphuculo lomgangatho, kwakunye ukwandisa umphefumlo womntu.

Lo mgaqo mnye yenziwa kunye radiotherapy.

Lung carcinoma: abane

Ukuba isigulane ayixoxwanga ku ofanelekayo, ngoko amathuba recovery ziyancipha kakhulu iminyaka emi-2. Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba ngo-0 9% amatyala ukufa kwenzeka.

Ukuba oko ngexesha kuqhutywa utyando, yaye emva koko wabelwa isiphumo unyango radiation okanye ichemotherapy, i-70% yezigulane banako ukuphila malunga 5 iminyaka.

therapy yesondlo

Kukho iimeko apho isigulane ayikwazi phantsi ichemotherapy kunye notyando. Ngoko bamisa khona unyango ekhethekileyo Unganciphisa kakhulu imeko yakhe, ixesha elide. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ingaqhelekanga kwi lokufunyaniswa nqanaba yokugqibela carcinoma semiphunga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isigulana nga tirhisa, khetha umntu, zonke iinkqubo:

• inkxaso ngokwasengqondweni;
• bhetele kwizigulo;
• igazi;
• Ukubulawa;
• ubuthi.

zokuthintela izifo

Ukuthintela uphuhliso carcinoma lung, kucetyiswa ukunciphisa zonke ukunxibelelana izinto umhlaza, kangangoko kunokwenzeka pholisa igumbi, ngelixa esenza ukucoca emanzi. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ukuyeka ugwayi. Ukuba usebenza kwi kwisityalo, apho ukwanda yoxinaniso ngothuli, ngoko ukususela umsebenzi onjalo kufuneka ishiywe okanye ukusebenzisa iindlela ethembekileyo yokuzikhusela.

Ukutyhila uphuhliso lwenkqubo somhlaza kusekwangoko, iingcali bacebisa amaxesha ngonyaka ukuba kudlule fluorography.