Iindlela kancinane invasive zonyango kwizigulane umhlaza wesibindi

kokususa yamathumba zesibindi inika ithuba kakhulu amphilise. Ngelishwa, yamathumba zesibindi basoloko zinkulu kakhulu okanye ukuzithandisa imithambo yegazi enkulu, kunye nezinye izakhiwo ebalulekileyo. Oku kwenza utyando iyingozi kakhulu okanye usebenze. kokususa akunakwenzeka ngo-30-40% ezigulane kunye zamabanga 90% ezigulane kunye umhlaza wesibindi eziziisekondari.

Ngokwembali, iziyobisi olungasebenziyo kwi ukunyanga umhlaza wesibindi. Ngoko ke, kukho inani ndlela evumela ukuba ukulwa esi sifo.

iintlobo

Primary umhlaza wesibindi: Ifom ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza lokuqala carcinoma hepatocellular (HCC). Le Ithumba eqala iiseli eziphambili esibindini. umhlaza wesibindi Primary kukuphinda ezimbini ngakumbi eziqhelekileyo ebantwini kunokuba kwabasetyhini. HCC ixhaphake kakhulu abo bagulayo kunye zesibindi ukuqina.

Kuwenza kwesibindi Cancer: Umhlaza enokusasazwa kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba ukuya esibindini. Kukho iiseli umhlaza nga ukukhula iinyanga okanye iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba andibhaqwa. metastases Isibindi basoloko yamathumba ze ikholoni kunye isikali. Izigulane kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza nabo basemngciphekweni umhlaza wesibindi.

Isibindi isebenza station ngamaqalela iiseli umhlaza elijikeleza egazini. Ezi seli angakhula kwaye enze ithumba. Bakholelwa ukuba ekugqibeleni 70% yazo zonke izigulane kunye nomhlaza olungalawulwayo wafumana yamathumba isibindi lesibini okanye metastases (yamathumba lisekwa iiseli zomhlaza eziziiprayimari Ndizolulela kwezinye iisayithi kumhlaza).

ekuxilongweni

Kukho inani leemvavanyo ezinokunceda luxilongo somhlaza, kuquka iimvavanyo zegazi, ukuxilongwa ngokwasemzimbeni kunye ezahlukeneyo iindlela ukwenza umfanekiso kuquka X-ray, Itomography ngekhompyutha (CT), livakale magnetic umfanekiso (MRI) kunye ultrasound.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, uxilongo lokugqibela akunakwenziwa kude kube ngoko, ude wenze biopsy. Emva kokuhlolisisa isampuli biopsy, iingcali uyakwazi ukubona uhlobo lomhlaza into ekhoyo nendlela ngokukhawuleza ukuba isasazeke. Le ngcaciso ibaluleke xa usenza isigqibo malunga uhlobo lonyango.

unyango

Yamathumba kufuneka igazi unikezelo kuyo ukwenza ngenkuthalo, ukuzondla bona kunye nokukhula. Radiologists kunye neengcali kummandla zotyando semithambo ukuhambisa iziyobisi ekujoliswe eyaziswa imithambo yegazi ngokusebenzisa catheter ngomzimba.

Xa unyango izigulane ezinomhlaza, radiologists ihlasela ithumba echaphazela siso yi embolization kunye nerediyo amaza. Embolization ephuhliswe kakuhle indlela radiology interventional, ethi isetyenziswe ukunyanga owenzakeleyo kunye ukopha ezinkulu, ukulawula ukopha emva kokubeleka, kuncitshiswe ilahleko igazi phambi utyando kunye nonyango yamathumba.

Xa unyango izigulane ezinomhlaza, embolization isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ubonelelo yamathumba igazi, ukuhanjiswa radiation (radioembolizatsiya) okanye bayixuba le ndlela kunye ichemotherapy ukunikezela umhlaza kweziyobisi ngqo yamathumba (chemoembolization).

Ukongeza, iiseli umhlaza abulawa iindlela thermal (radiofrequency ablation) okanye ithumba ekhenkcezisiweyo (cryoablation).

chemoembolization

Chemoembolization ilunyango kancinane invasive umhlaza wesibindi, enokusetyenziselwa zombini ngokuzimeleyo kubanjiswene kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Chemoembolization inikeza himioembolizata ngqo ulawulo ngeedosi eziphezulu sibe ilungu, angabi nethumba yonikezelo layo igazi ngokubhloka okanye embolization kwemithambo yokondla thumba. Ukusebenzisa yokufundwa vuavanyisi nkongomiso, ray interventional lazisa catheter omncinane kwi kwemithambo femoral. Lisebenzisa idosi enkulu ichiza, inkqubo njengoko zisebenza emane yaye, ngokunjalo, iziyobisi ngaphantsi ujikeleza kwizisele sempilweni komzimba. Chemoembolization idla ngokubandakanya ukuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Izigulane ngokuqhelekileyo ukubuyela imisebenzi yesiqhelo ngaphakathi inyanga.

Chemoembolization lusebenza kakhulu unyango yamathumba zesibindi onobungozi, ingakumbi xa zidityaniswe kunye namanye amayeza. Chemoembolization lubonise iziphumo ezithembisayo kwi unyango yamathumba kuwenza. Yile hlobo lonyango evunywe yi-FDA ukuba unyango metastases.

Radioembolizatsiya

Radioembolizatsiya efana kakhulu chemoembolization kodwa ukusetyenziswa microspheres eqhumayo. Le uthomalaliso kusetyenziswa unyango zombini nangezilonda zesibindi zamabanga kuwenza. amacandelo Used embolic le radioactive Isotope yttrium-90 ukuhambisa imitha ngqo nethumba. Ngasinye lwesigaba ubungakanani ezintlanu iiseli ezibomvu ububanzi. Ezi granules baziswa nge-catheter kungena nasemiphakathweni kunye ityala ukufa kweeseli. Technology inikezela ophezulu, umthamo lasekuhlaleni radiation ngaphandle umngcipheko ephilile.

Lo kwanonyango elitsha noko, nto leyo sisebenzayo unyango lwezifo umhlaza wesibindi zamabanga kuwenza. It lineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango somhlaza.

radiofrequency ablation

Kuba yamathumba isibindi esingasebenziyo, radiofrequency ablation inika unyango eguqulelwe non-steel esibulala iiseli thumba lilanga ngokusindisa sempilweni kwesibindi kwithishyu. Ngoko ke, kulula kakhulu ukuba isigulana ngaphezu unyango systemic kulo unyango. FDA yayivuma RFA ukuba unyango yamathumba zesibindi.

Xa inani elincinane lamatyala, RFA unako ukwandisa ubomi izigulane '. Ngokuxhomekeka kubungakanani ithumba RFA nga nciphisa okanye ukubulala ithumba, ukwandisa ixesha ukusinda nomonde kakhulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi babo. Ngokuba unyango elimi kakubi ephilile, unyango ingaphinda-phindwa kangangoko kuyimfuneko ukuba izigulane kwindawo intuthuzelo. Le nkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, ezinereyithi ingxaki zomyalelo ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ekhulwini, kwaye sele ifumaneka ukususela 1990 emva kwexesha.

Kuxakekwe ngonyango ezintsha Cancer

radiology Interventional kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ubugcisa obutsha ukuze aphucule unyango lomhlaza kwixesha elizayo, kuquka nokusetyenziswa kwamasuntswana Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye nokusiwa izinto yemfuza, ekuthiwa ngezakhi zofuzo, ukulwa okanye ukuthintela umhlaza. Ezi ubuchule zisekhona lophando kwaye zinika ithemba elitsha emfazweni nxamnye nomhlaza.

"Magnetic" Chemotherapy

radiologists Interventional ngoku uphando ayibobuchule elitsha apho iimagnethi asetyenziswa tsala-arhente chemotherapeutic ukuya thumba. amasuntswana Microbe magnetic ziqhotyoshelwe ichiza kwaye kunikelwa ngokusebenzisa catheter zizitya igazi ondla ithumba. Umhlaba umazibuthe enqabileyo iya ibekwe phezu emzimbeni wakhe ngaphezu indawo nethumba ngqo. amasuntswana Magnet kangangokuba awela thumba. Nangona ubuchule nangoku yokulinga, kodwa ethembisa kakhulu. Oogqirha Sithemba ukuba uya kulifeza imiphumo ichemotherapy siwuyeke ezinye neziphumo zalo ezifana ukulahleka iinwele kunye isicaphucaphu.

ngezakhi zofuzo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, oosonzululwazi baye bakuqonda elitsha malunga zofuzo - iiyunithi ezisisiseko yebhayoloji kwimfuza kunye nendima eziyidlalayo ekumisweni sifo. Olu lwazi iye zabangela kwezonyango - ngezakhi zofuzo. Nangona inzululwazi isekhona kwi zigaba zokuqala zonyango, abaphandi Siyathemba ukuba kwixesha elizayo kuyo zingasetyenziswa:

• unyango lomhlaza kunye nezinye izifo genetic;
• utshintsho iiseli zamajoni omzimba yomguli kunye somhlaza abuyele ukuba umzimba, apho ke bahlasele isifo okanye babe zokugonya;
• endaweni sofuzo okhulisayo umhlaza kwi isakhi "elungileyo".

Enye yeengxaki unyango zofuzo ukufumana iindlela ezikhuselekileyo yaye ezisebenzayo zokuqhuba yemfuza okanye iiseli izakhi kwi nethumba.

Oogqirha kufuneka amathemba ephakamileyo kuphuhliso olutsha izicelo zazo ngokukhawuleza kwi yezonyango.