Kwimimandla Russian komnotho, ngokwezelizwe: inkcazo, iimpawu

Russia - lithi likhulu kwilizwekazi eYurophu, eyayikuyo inxalenye kumantla Asia naseMpuma Europe. Indawo, ukuba uhamba phambili kwihlabathi phakathi kwamazwe. Inani lilonke labemi belizwe - million 146 abantu. Ngokutsho uhlobo urhulumente - republic lukamongameli-yepalamente; isimo federal. Igama esemthethweni lizwe - i-Russian Federation (RF). Capital - isixeko eMoscow.

Umongameli sangoku urhulumente Vladimir Putin. Imali esemthethweni ithathwa njengokuba engange Russian. Ilizwe ise tye kwindawo 11 kwimimandla ixesha. Russia lumanyanisa inqwaba eziliqela weentlanga, iintlanga neenkcubeko. Bonke abantu abasebenzi abangenazakhono ukususela iingcibi ukuba ngoosomashishini. Nantsi i labemi umdla ngamandla obungangamsha. Kwi indawo ungabona zesikhumbuzo ezininzi eziluncedo ezahlukahlukeneyo inkcubeko ebonisa intlonelo kubantu kwimbali yawo.

kwimimandla Geographical of Russia

indawo Russian - ngaphezu kwezigidi 17 iinyawo square. km. It has ngaselunxwemeni mde phakathi kweentlanga zehlabathi.

amanqaku kakhulu:

• Emantla - m Cheliuskin (Peninsula Tajmyr) ..
• In ngasempumalanga - on-in Ratmanova (wethu Strait).
• Emzantsi - kwakukho Bazardyuzyu (kumda kunye Dagestan).
• Entshonalanga, kwinqanaba ise kwingingqi Kaliningrad.

Russia ngokwemibandela yahlulwe phakathi kwezahlulo ezimbini zehlabathi - Europe kunye Asia. Le umda isetelwe phambene Iintaba. Ezi ndawo zimbini ezimagqagala ubukhulu: isahlulo yaseYurophu ohlala-25% yendawo, lo gama i-Asia - 75%. iindawo Russian ziyathandwa inxalenye enkulu Asian, nto leyo edla ngokuba eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude.

Ukuba niwafake Russia iifom isiqabu, oko kukuthi, indlela orographic, sinako ukwahlula le kwimimandla emi-6 geographical kweli lizwe.

Western eSiberia

Limele i-West Siberian Plain, omnye kumathafa ezinkulu ehlabathini. Elise oLwandle Kara ukuya Kazakh semi-intlango ye zeAltai kunye Urals emlanjeni. Yenisei. Iyonke indawo plain - nezigidi ezi-2.5 ubude macala onke. km. West mmandla of Russia lubonakala ngokuba utshintsho ukuphakama minor. Ziyashiyana kuluhlu ka 100-200 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kwi imida empumalanga lisingisa m 300. Le ndawo yalo mmandla engumgxobhozo kakhulu. Ukusuka zonke kummandla eSiberia kweli lizwe kumzantsi Russia waphila-benze kakuhle, ngelixa abanye ngokuphelele ngeke asihambelani nokuba ubomi okanye ishishini.

Eastern eSiberia

Enye mmandla eSiberia, ubukhulu nothabatha Central Siberian Plateau. Le esemzantsi Zasebhofolo Siberian Plain. Kwi namadlelo empuma nasentshona engqongwe ngabantu kwiintaba eMpuma Sayan, Transbaikalia kunye nommandla zamanzi. I-avareji ukuphakama mmandla - 600-700 m, ukutshintsha imiqela agudle. Ethafeni okuphezulu - Viljujsky apha ifikelele kubude 1500-1700 m indawo iphezulu -. Kameň, ukuphakama 1701 m Le ndawo ingachazwa njengendawo apho kuqhelekile kulo lonke permafrost .. inkqubo umlambo olubanzi zimelwe ikakhulu yimilambo entabeni.

Far East

A ummandla elincinane ngokwentelekiso wejografi Russia, thaca unxweme wePasifiki. Uwahlule ube zahlulo 3: nemisinga - unxweme nje; peninsular - Peninsula ena; siqithi - Kuril Islands. Ngaba kumkhamo meridional, kuxhomekeka kuyo iimpawu geographical lommandla. Ngokomzekelo, inxalenye esemntla East Far ifumaneka e-Arctic Circle. Ngasekupheleni kumazantsi Russia ikhephu unika indlela eya kwiindawo permafrost, uze emva koko - Umbala. Uninzi lo mmandla bubonakaliswe iintaba neenduli. Yinto yinxalenye yommandla seismic. Ingakumbi i ena Peninsula. Kucingwa kowona mmandla esebenzayo seismic. Ukongeza mlilo, ngumkhuba rhoqo - mlilo kwamanzi, ebangela amaza tsunami. Xa angasezantsi hlathi esilawulwa abameli izihluma esihle. Njengamanye neminye imimandla Russia, ummandla - kwiindawo ukufuma eziphakamileyo ngenxa kufuphi olwandle.

kummandla intaba mpuma Russia

Inxalenye lonke emazantsi nasempuma Russia luhleli iintaba umda. Emzantsi-mpuma kokuba inikezwe Caucasus inkqubo entabeni zeAltai kunye Sayan, zamanzi emikhulu. Caucasus Iintaba eselula. nokudaleka ayikenziwa igqityiwe, yaye kufuneka 'sikhule' phawu. Ingongoma eliphezulu le kummango ngaphakathi 5000 m Ingongoma eliphezulu eCaucasus -. Elbrus. Ezinye iindawo wejografi eRussia kuyingozi kakhulu. Kukho kwakhona iintlekele enobuzaza kuba landslides, zekhephu, iinyikima zomhlaba kunye rock uwe.

phambene

Kulo mmandla uquka komlambo uluhlu entabeni enegama elifanayo. I phambene Mountains kusolula ukusuka ezantsi kuse entla, ngaphezulu kwama-2 000 km, ukusuka ezantsi ukuya empuma - ubuninzi km 150. Ngokusekelwe zomhlaba zabo, indawo yahlulahlulwe kwiindawo eziphambili eRashiya: North, South, Central, ezibandayo kanye subpolar. Phambene Iintaba kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwimozulu karhulumente yonke. Baya bakhonza njenge "umqobo", yaye musa ungaphoswa izihlwele ezibandayo umoya yolwandle kwelo lizwe, ngaloo ndlela yokuseka uhlobo lwezwekazi kwemozulu kwintsimi lonke. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, imozulu ezahlukeneyo, kunye nakummandla uwa kwezulu ngakumbi entshonalanga ngaphezu kwimpuma. inkqubo Major nemin - imilambo emininzi, ngaphezu kwama-6 amawaka amachibi ..

ithafa Russian

East European Plain (Russian) yenye yezona zinkulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Imimandla ye Russia ukude ngasemva yakhe kuDavide. Igama lakhe yesibini - Russian - kungenxa yokuba uninzi isuke ngaphakathi kwimida imo kwegama elifanayo. Ubukhulu - 4 million macala onke. km. Ngaphakathi kwemida yelizwe oko kubekwe phezu koLwandle lweCaspian ukuya Arctic Ocean, phezu imida yasentshona karhulumente ukuya phambene kwiiNtaba empumalanga. Plain okumangalisayo uniform, ekuso. Umyinge ukuphakama ayidluli ukuphakama m 200 ngentla komgangatho wolwandle. 6 zicwangciswe kwi ukuphakama ethafeni ukususela 310-340 isalathiso m. Lo mmandla unenzondelelo iinguqu ezinkulu anthropogenic.

ucando Socio-economic

Ngokwalo ucando yezentlalo noqoqosho aphake iingingqi 11 elumelwaneni lwaloo kweeyunithi yolawulo indawo. iingingqi ngokwahlukileyo indawo ezikhethekileyo zejografi, imvelaphi yembali, ubukho babasebenzi kunye nophuhliso elithile icandelo leshishini. Yonke imimandla 11 ezahlulwa phawu esinye ngaphezulu - bengabakho kwimimandla emibini macro, Western naseMpuma. Xa ummandla Western macro-7 ibandakanya iindawo eMpuma - 4.

• Kwimimandla esemantla yaseRashiya. Enye yengingqi ngokunjalo enkulu inxalenye yaseYurophu. It iqulathe Vologda, Arkhangelsk kunye nemimandla Murmansk, kwiRiphabliki of Karelia kunye Komi. Kwaye oku kuquka i-Nenets Ukuzilawula District. By the North inxalenye karhulumente ibhekisela kummandla Primorsky of Russia, leyo zifunwa phakathi kubakhenkethi.
• indawo Central. Oku kuquka inkunzi imimandla 12 Federation elandelayo.
• Central Black Earth mmandla kwezoqoqosho. Ekubeni kumazantsi Central, elinye incinane ubukhulu, le nkqubo ibandakanya iinkalo ezi-5.
• ummandla kwezoqoqosho ntshonalanga. It iqulathe amaphondo-4 kunye nesixeko federal - eSt Petersburg.
• East-Siberian mmandla. A ummandla omkhulu kwezoqoqosho Russia. Oku kuquka kobulungu yayo kwiriphabliki 3: Buryatia, Khakassia kunye yaseTuva, kummandla Irkutsk, i-Trans-izimvu kunye Krasnoyarsk Territory.
• Far Eastern District. Eyona inkulu indawo mmandla kwezoqoqosho Russia. Oku kuquka 9 yolawulo ngabalawulwa Russian Federation.
• ummandla North-abaseAfrika. Nangona le ndawo encinane ubukhulu kodwa kuquka inani elikhulu lwamaqumrhu zolawulo - 10. Lo republic entsha, ngokubonakalayo besilwela inkululeko yabo.
• IVolga-Vyatka mmandla kwezoqoqosho. Lo mmandla ibekwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi elizweni kwaye ongenayo imida bangaphandle. Oku kuquka: Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia kunye nemimandla laseKirov, Mordovia kunye Mari El.
• yesithili kwezoqoqosho iVolga. Liphethe 8 Izifundo ze-Federation.
• yesithili kwezoqoqosho phambene. Ibandakanya Perm, iindawo 4, ziiriphabliki 2 - Bashkortostan kunye Udmurtia.
• Zibala imimandla Russia, akwazi kubizwa ngokuba sifundo zikude - kummandla Kaliningrad.