I yokuhlala yokuqala

zokuhlala zomkhosi Base yaqala kule minyaka 1810-12. Emva koko, kwiphondo Mogilev yoMlawuli Alexander I ndazama ukuhlalisa nomkhosi reserve webutho, elihamba Eletski. Noko ke, ukuze wenze le nto ukumkani akakwazanga - oluphazanyiswa yimfazwe.

imeko yezoqoqosho eRashiya emva kokuba isenzo yasemkhosini yayinzima kakhulu. Ummandla apho edabini kwenzeka, zatshatyalaliswa, kunye nenkqubo-mali eli lizwe libe linengxaki nzulu. Imeko kweli lizwe wafuna amanyathelo angawo. Ukuhlola meko, Alexander I kwakhona kwamkele nokudalwa zokuhlala zomkhosi.

Le nkqubo intsha yenzelwe ngokuyintloko ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina umkhosi. Ukongeza, lo mbuzo nokuphelisa kokufuna loxolo, wabangela ukunganeliseki phezu inxalenye abalimi kunye benani abakuvinjwayo abasebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ukusombulula ubuncinane yinxalenye yengxaki, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuqalisa ukwenza zokuhlala emkhosini.

Imibuzo malunga utshintsho ezitsha isonjululwe kwisangqa emxinwa kakhulu, ezihlanganisa Alexander i Okokuqala, kunye Arakcheev, Yermolov, Sambursky kunye Witt. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusungulwa kwenkqubo entsha lwaqhutywa kuphela izenzo eziluncedo ngayo lobuzwilakhe. Nangona kunjalo, akukho izibonelelo okanye imithetho ngokusonjululwa emkhosini ayenziwa, kwaye bazimilise zenziwa ngaphandle kwengxoxo kunye neearhente zikarhulumente.

Ukuziqhelisa, amatyotyombe emkhosini ngakumbi zazo amafama. Akhululwayo (ngokusemthethweni) ukusuka serfdom, babengakwazi ukuya emsebenzini, kwakunye ukuzibandakanya obuciko okanye urhwebo. Ukongeza, abalimi ukuze baphumeze inkonzo.

Zokuhlala yokuqala kwahlelwa kwiphondo Novgorod. Kule ndawo sasihlala abalimi karhulumente. umlawuli yabo uceba lokutshintshela belali.

Novgorod kwiPhondo idume amazwe olimekayo, ziye zaphuhliswa amanzi kunye nonxibelelwano komhlaba. Ukongezelela, kubaluleke kakhulu eyaqhotyoshelwa kwaye endhawini yo eyinkunzi. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngexesha elinye kunye nengqwalaselo qhinga.

zokuhlala Military eqalisiweyo kwiphondo Novgorod, zaba phantsi kolwalathiso Arakcheev.

Ngo-1817, Aprili 18 kukuliphi Vysotsky waqalisa lokusekwa nomkhosi yokuqala efakiweyo yaye iiyunifom nabalimi kunye Grenadier webutho Bala Arakcheev. Ngaloo ndlela ke wabeka isiseko ukuvela zokuhlala zomkhosi kwiphondo Novgorod.

Xa uxwebhu ezilawulayo 1817-18 kaThixo zabuya. Ngokusekelwe kwi "Ukusekwa zokuhlala zomkhosi" kwasekwa kuqala asezantsi ulawulo: inkampani kunye neekomiti regimental. Yaye kamva izidumbu aphezulu baqalisa ukwakha.

zokuhlala Military batshintsha isakhiwo kwezoqoqosho iphela abalimi. Kakade ke, inkqubo entsha wadibana uxhathiso abantu baseRoma. Ukongeza, abalimi zabandezwa ukuxhumana abo bonke ngenxa uncamathiselo kwi ilizwe, kwafuneka ukuba iquke abantu. Inkqubo entsha akulawule zonke iinkalo zobomi.

Iindleko ukuze kwakhiwe zokuhlala mkhosi abazange enikiweyo. Urhulumente sele yabelwe isixa mali esiyi amawaka mahlanu engange. Koko Kujongwe Inkcitho umba kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Kuba ingeniso zomthetho kuquka iintlawulo ukusuka Cossacks. Kwabakho efihliweyo ingeniso. Umzekelo, ukuba abalimi free, abalimi possessory kunye ezithile likhululekile ngokuqesha ukuba uhlawule engange ezimbini ukusuka umphefumlo kubuthwa 500.

Ababephila ithathwa zokuhlala zomkhosi luyathandabuzeka kakhulu. Ngomhla ekubunjweni uluvo ezimbi iphenjelelwa izibakala eziliqela. Ngokukodwa, abantu bomhla wathi ukuvalwa zokuhlala, ukuzikhetha kokuphuma ehlabathini. Ukongeza, abalimi, ukubonisa uxhathiso inkqubo entsha, babewiselwe isohlwayo esiqatha.

Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo entsha naye lweli. Ngokukodwa, inguqu inkxaso efunyenwe emntwini Jikelele Davydova, Marquis Pau, iRhuluneli Risch. Phakathi abaxhasi zokuhlala yasemkhosini kunye Speransky.