Indlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana kwiinyanga ezintathu? Ukuphuhliswa kwabantwana kwiinyanga ezintathu: izakhono kunye nezakhono. Ukuphuhliswa ngokwenyama komntwana oneminyaka emithathu ubudala

Umbuzo malunga nendlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana kwiinyanga ezintathu, abazali abaninzi bayabuzwa. Intshisekelo eyongeziweyo kwesi sihloko ngeli xesha ibaluleke ngokukodwa, kuba inkunzi ekugqibeleni iqala ukubonisa iimvakalelo ize iqinise amandla akhe emzimbeni. Kule minyaka unomkhonto obukhali kuyo yonke into eyenziwa ngumntu omncinci. Eli nqanaba libaluleke kakhulu ukuba kulungele ukuqwalasela ngokubanzi zonke iinguqu ezenzekayo kunye nosana kule minyaka.

Iimpawu zexesha

Abanye abantwana bezingane bajonga ukuba eli lixesha libe ngumda wemizila, kwaye abanye bathi banokuthi babe neenyanga ezili-12 abakhulelweyo, abayi-9. Bachaza imfundiso yabo kukuba nje kuphela iinyanga ezintathu emva kokuzalwa, umntwana usakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwesibeleko sikamama kwaye Ufumana iimpawu zentlalo.

Umntwana utshintsha kakhulu kwiinyanga ezi-3: uyakhala kancinci aze axoxe ngakumbi, unomntwana omncinci, uqala ukubonisa umdla kwihlabathi elikujikelezile, uqina ngakumbi kwaye ulungelelaniswe ngakumbi, ukuva kwakhe kunye nombono uphuculo.

Ukuva nokubona

Into yokuqala abakwaMom bayayiqwalasela ngayo i-3-year-old-crumb yinto yokuba uqala ukuphulaphula izandi ezingaqhelekanga. Ngaphezu koko, uphendukela kwimvelaphi yesandi.

Umgama apho umntwana akwazi ukwahlula izandi ngokunyuka kakhulu: ngoku uva zonke izandi ezivakalayo kumgama weemitha ezintathu ukusuka kuye. Ekuzalweni, lo mgama wawungaphantsi kwama-2.

Ukufumanisa ngokukhethekileyo kubazali kukuba ukuphuhliswa komntwana oneminyaka emithathu ubudala kuye kwafikelela kwinqanaba xa eqonda abantu abasondele kuye. Xa ubona ubuso obuqhelekileyo, inkwenkwe iqala ukumomotheka kunye ne-grimace. Omncinci naye unako ukubonisa ukufumana kwakhe kunye nemvakalelo ngezwi.

Umntwana kwiinyanga ezi-3 ixesha elide ecinga ngezandla zakhe: uhambisa iminwe yakhe, uwafaka kwiintsimbi. Kwakhona, ubuso bomama nesifuba, amathoyizi ajikelezayo kwi-crib iya kuba yinto yokuqwalasela.

Izakhono ezinkulu zezithuthi

Ukuphucula ngokuphawulekayo izakhono zomoto. Ngoku akulula ukumfumana kwindawo enye - uyazama ukunyusa intloko nomzimba womzimba, ukuvuselela izandla, ukuphakamisa nokuhlahlisa.

Ukulala ngesisu sakhe, umntwana uzama ukukhwela kwiingalo, ephakamisa intloko yakhe kwi-angle ye-90 degrees. Kule ndawo, uyakwazi ukubamba imizuzwana engama-30-50. Ukususela kwisimo sokumisa umntwana uhlala ehlala phantsi, kwaye esekelwe kwisisu okanye ngasemva, uyakwazi ukuguqula umbhobho.

Xa abazali bephethe izandla zabo, kugcina intloko iqonde, ngoko akufuneki ukuxhaswa ngalunye ixesha ngokukhulisa umntwana wabo.

Izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi

Ukuthintela kweli nqanaba ngumdla womntwana kumathoyizi kunye nomnqweno wokuba uthathe kwi-handle. Omnye kule minyaka uyakwazi ukubambelela kwizandla zakhe aze aze ayithumele emlonyeni wakhe, ngelixa umntu ezama nje ukubamba. Kwimeko zombini, ukulungelelaniswa kweentshukumo zentsana kuphucula ngokukhawuleza.

Kule minyaka, awona matayibhile abe yinto ekhangayo yokukhwabanisa. Emlonyeni ubeka yonke into, kwinto enokwenzeka ukufikelela kuyo: i-diapers, amathoyizi, iminwe kamama, iimpahla zakhe.

Kukho neepalente zophando : umntwana uthanda ukuthinta izinto ezahlukeneyo, ubuso kunye neenwele. Ukuthinta, uvakalelwa into.

Phuhliso loluntu

Kule minyaka, inkunzi ihlalisana kwaye ivela kumntu oqeshweyo iya kuba yindoda eneenkanuko, i-whims kunye nomdla kwihlabathi elincinci layo.

Kwiinyanga ezi-3, umntwana omncinci uqala ukuba nomdla kuyo yonke into eyenzekayo kuye: ukhangeka kwizandi ezingaqhelekanga, uqala ukulandela ukuhamba kwabazali bakhe. U-Kroha uyakuthanda xa umama okanye utata ewugqoke ejikeleze indlu kwaye uxele ngezinto ezizungezile.

Ihlabathi elingaphakathi leemvumba lenziwa: akayikufunda nje uMama noTata, kodwa uzama ukutsala ingqalelo ngokukhanda imilenze, eyenza ubuso okanye ubuhlungu. Kule minyaka, abantwana abaninzi ngokokuqala ngqa baqala ukuhleka ngokuchukumisa ngamazwi abo.

Ukuphuhlisa intetho

Ukuphuhliswa kwengane eneminyaka emithathu ubudala kunye nezixhobo zakhe zokuthetha zixhomekeke ngqo kwiva. Ukukwazi ukuva kuvela kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi kwaye kufinyelela kwiinyanga ezintathu kwinqanaba elinika inkqubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwintetho kwaye ngokubanzi inefuthe elihle ekuphuhlisweni komntwana. Kwiinyanga ezi-3 ubudala, umntwana uqala ukuhleka okokuqala ngelizwi lakhe, elibonisa ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo zokuthetha nezentetho.

Yingakho ngeenyanga ezintathu umntwana uqala ukuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuzithoba nokuthetha naye. Ngomntwana unako ukuthetha, uyaphendula ngokulula izandi - "aaa", "uuu", "yyy". Izakhono zentetho yomntwana kwiinyanga ezi-3 zifana nokuba unako ukudibanisa izandi okanye ukuthatha indawo ngezinye izikhalazi.

Ngamnye wabo ngoku ugcwele ngokupheleleyo. Ngomnxeba wombala weemvakalelo zezivakalisi ezithethiweyo umntwana ubonisa isimo sakhe: xa elambile, xa kukho into ephazamisayo kwaye xa efuna ukulala. Ngalunye lwezi zikhoyo ngoku zineziqalo zayo, ezibonakalisa ubuchule bomntwana kwinyanga ezintathu.

Izakhono zokuzimela

Umntwana weenyanga ezi-3, okwenene, akayikunceda, kwaye igama elithi "self-service" apha linentsingiselo ethile. Nangona kunjalo, iyakubonakalisa intsingiselo yenkqubo, eyona nto yokukwazi ukuzinceda into ethile.

Ngoko, ngeenyanga ezintathu inkwenkwe iyakwazi ukuthatha into ayifunayo ize uyizise emehlweni akhe ukuba ihlolisise kakuhle, okanye emlonyeni, ukukhahlela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthatha i-pacifier efanayo, akayi kukwazi ukuyifaka emlonyeni wakhe okokuqala, kwaye ukuba uyaphumelela, inokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke ngengozi.

Ukongezelela, i-crumb ingakwazi ukuxhasa ibhotile yamanzi, kunye nesifuba somama ngexesha lokutya. Umntwana uvula umlomo wakhe xa eqonda ukuba uzama ukumnika amanzi kwi-spoon.

Rim regimen

Ngeenyanga ezilishumi, ulawulo lomhla kwintsana yenguqu ekhadini. Okokuqala, akafanekanga ukuba asebenze kwibele - endaweni yokutya oku-12 ngosuku emva kokuzalwa, unelungelo eli-8. Utshintsho lwesibini olungqinelanayo lubandakanya ubude bokulala ubusuku: umntwana usenokuba ngamahora angama-10 ukuya ku-11 ahlala kunye nokutya okubini ebusuku. Inqaku lesithathu elibalulekileyo linxulumene nobungqina bokulala komini. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu, umntwana ulala kathathu ngosuku ngeeyure eziyi-1.5-2.

Ukongezelela, ukulala kwi-crumb yomelele, ngoku akavuki xa ezama ukuyifakela kwisikhumba sakhe. Oku kuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba ngoku ukulala kwabantwana kuqala ngesigaba esibanzi, kwaye akukhawulezi, njengoko kwakunjalo kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala.

Ukuhlawula

Emva kweenyanga ezintathu, umntwana usoloko enezwi elongeziweyo leengalo nemilenze, ukuze aqale ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba kwawo. Nangona kunjalo kuvela njalo kungekhona njalo. Indlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngoncedo lokusilalisa? Ukumnceda ukuba afunde indlela yokuqonda izihlunu, i-neonatologists incoma rhoqo ukwenza i-massage ekhethekileyo ephucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kunye nokuqonda okuchukumisayo kwengane. Le nqubo iphinda ikhulise amandla omzimba.

I-teknoloji ye-massage ilula kakhulu: yenziwa ngendlela yokubetha, ukurhoxiswa lula, ukunyakaza kweetyhula. Zonke iimpembelelo kufuneka zenziwe ngokucophelela, ngexinzelelo oluncinci. Inkqubo nganye iphindwaphindwe kathathu amaxesha.

Ukulandelana kunye nobume bokusilalisa:

• Siqala ngeengxaki kunye nemilenze. Ukufuthwa kwenzila kwenziwa ngokunyuka kwesondo kunye nokuhamba kweesetyhula.
• Emva kokugqiba, uninzi lweendlela zokuzilolonga ezingenziwayo ukuze kuphuculwe amandla angama-muscular. Ngenxa yolu cetyiswa ukuba uzalise kwaye uwele izibonda esifuba somntwana. Ukuphuhliswa kwemisipha emilenzeni yenza ukunyakaza okuhambayo kweenyawo phezu kwetafile - phambili nangemuva.
• Inkqubo "yokukhupha" iya kunceda ukuqonda umzimba wakho ngokukhawuleza. Ukwenza oku, nyanzela umntwana ngokusuka kwisisu esecaleni kwaye ngokulandelanayo, ngelixa ugcina i-pelvis.
• Musa ukulibala malunga nesisu kunye nomva. Ukufakela isisu sakho kwisisetyhula kunye neminwe yakho kunye nenqindi ngokucophelela. Kwaye i-backrest kufuneka iqhutywe ngeengxube zeesetyhula kunye nokunyakaza kwe-zigzag kunye nemiphetho yeminwe yakho.
• Ungalibali ngokushicilela. Ukubamba izibambo, pha kamisa intloko kunye nomsolo womntwana kwisithuba sokuhlala.
• Kwakhona, i-neonatologists icebisa ukuxilisa iinyawo zentsana, "ibhoksi" yeengqungquthela zabantwana nokugubha abantwana kwibhola lokusila.

Indlela yokujongana nomntwana

Imfuneko ebalulekileyo yokuphuhliswa komntwana ngumsebenzi wabazali bakhe. Kwiinyanga ezintathu umntwana usabela kwisithando, ilizwi kunye neemfuno zokunxibelelana. Indlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana ezinyangeni ezintathu, indlela yokumthanda nokumfundisa izakhono ezintsha?

• Bonisa uthando: bhinqa umntwana, bamba iminwe yakhe kunye nesisu, vuthela ezinyaweni zakho. Le yimeko eyimfuneko ukuba azive efunekayo kwaye ekhuselwe.
• Mamela umculo kunye naye. Khetha iingoma zeklasi kunye nesandi esithambileyo. Zwa izandla zakho ngexesha kunye nomculo.
• Iintsana ezincinane ziyakuthanda xa umama ehlabelela iingoma kubo. Akukho nto iyakuthatha indawo yellaby gentle kumsebenzi womama.
• Shicilela izandi ezahlukeneyo kwaye wenze ubuso - oku kuya kukukhuthaza umntwana ukuba aphinde izandi kuwe kwaye ahlakulele izixhobo zakho zokuthetha.
• Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba athole umthombo wesandi.
• Ukuphuhlisa ubuchule balo: mavumba ibhanana, isonka, intyatyambo.
• Kananjalo sebenze kunye nomnxeba: nikela umntwana ngokuthe ngqo izinto ezilukhuni kunye nezinto ezithambileyo, ezilula kwaye ezinzima, ezinqabileyo kunye nethenda.
• Bonisa i-crumb yokuba kukho isigqi kwingxoxo: ukujongana nayo, nqama, njengokungathi ulindele impendulo. Kungekudala umntwana uza kuqala ucoo nawe.
• Ingxelo nganye kwizenzo zayo. Oku kuya kwandisa ingqiqo yalo nto okanye loo ntshukumo imele.
• Ukuma ecaleni kwesibuko, bonisa umntwana apho iphimbo lakhe kunye nalapho ukhona nawe.
• Ukukhulisa okanye ukuyiyeka, yichaze ngamazwi athi "Phakama!", "Phansi!", Njll.

Amathoyizi kunye nokuzonwabisa

Ukukhethwa kwamathoyizi kule minyaka kuqhutywa phantsi kwefuthe lamakhono amatsha wengane. Ngoko ke, ukuba umbuzo uvela malunga nendlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngoncedo lwezathoyizi, umntu kufuneka akhokelwe yinto ayaziyo kule minyaka. Masikhumbuze, ukuba inkunzi yaqala ukuba nomdla kwihlabathi elijikelezile, lafunda ukuthatha izinto ngeepeni, zaqala ukuphendula kwizandi.

Ngokuhambelana nale meyi ekhethiweyo ekumiswe:

• IiGrazil kwi-stroller, apho ungafikelela khona ngesandla sakho;
• Iimoto zombane ezifakwe ngaphaya kwesibhedlele;
• Amathoyizi kumaqela e-elastic kwi-car seat.

Ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwentetho kunye nombono, ezi zikhethiweyo zikhethiweyo:

• Amathoyizi anesiseko esixhasayo kunye nokukhanya;
• Ukugqithisa, ukugquma;
• Amathoyizi anesibuko esithambileyo.

Ingane kule minyaka iye yafunda ukuguqula umgqomo - kuthetha, ukushiya enye akunakwenzeka kwimizuzu. Yilungele i-arna. Umntwana kufuneka abe nandipha umdlalo apho, ngoko-ke makabeka amathoyizi apho angakwazi ukudlala khona kuphela.

Ukuba kukho isidingo sokushiya igumbi labantwana ukuze wenze imisebenzi yasekhaya, umntwana unokuthathwa kunye naye kwisitulo seenqwelo eziphathekayo kunye neempendelezo.

Yintoni emele iphaphe

Izibonakaliso zokuphuhliswa kwabantwana zingahluka kwiimeko nganye, kodwa kwiinyanga ezintathu umntwana kufuneka azuze ezinye izakhono. Kwimeko apho kukho naziphi na izakhono ezibhaliweyo ezilahlekileyo kwiimvumba, kucetyiswa ukuba udibane nodokotela wengingqi. Kwamanye a maxesha, kunokufuneka ukuba uqhagamshelane ne- neurologist ne-surgeon.

Enye yeemeko ezixhalabileyo mhlawumbi kukuba ngeenyanga ezintathu umntwana akagcini intloko eyedwa.

Ukuba umntu okhubazeka kwinyanga eneminyaka emithathu engalandeli amehlo amathoyizi kwaye akabonakalanga nantoni kubo bonke, esi sizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba kubize ugqirha.

Kwiinyanga ezintathu umntwana sele evele egubungele kwaye ehlasele. Ubuso obungabonakaliyo kunye nokungafuneki kwemvakalelo kudinga ugqirha.

Kwakhona isibonakaliso esibalulekileyo kulo nyaka ubuchule bomntwana ukulawula ukuhamba kwezandla zakhe neenyawo.

Ukuphuculwa komzimba komntwana kwiinyanga ezintathu

Njengenyanga nganye ngaphambi konyaka, udokotela wezingane uya kuhlola uphuhliso lomntwana kwiinyanga ezi-3. Ukuphakama, ubunzima, umda wekhanda kunye nesisu kuya kuhambelana nemimiselo. Ukugqithisa kweenkcukacha zenkcazelo, kunye neendleko zabo ezingaphantsi, kufuna ingqalelo.

Ngezantsi itafile ebonisa iindleko zokulinganisela ezivumelekileyo kubantwana bale minyaka. Ukukhula komzimba kwinyanga ezi-3, ngokwetafile, kufuneka kubonakaliswe ubunzima bokuphakama nokuphakama. Ngokukodwa, ubunzima beebakhwenkwe bajongwa njengento eqhelekileyo ukuba kuluhlu lwe-4.9-7 kg. Ukukhula makube ngowama-56,5 ukuya ku-62 cm.

Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba umntwana osandul 'utsha usoloko unesitya esincinci se-fat and is fragile. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa, umzimba wakhe ujikelezwe ngokubanzi, ngoko ukuphuhliswa komntwana kwiinyanga ezi-3 (iifoto zabantwana ziyakubonwa kwinqaku) lihamba kunye nokubonakala kweefom ezongeziweyo.