Kwesisu adenocarcinoma: unyango step, utyando, abantu abane

Oncology ngoku sele zezinye zezona zifo rhoqo. Umhlaza kwenzeka naliphi na iqumrhu umntu ngokupheleleyo. Umngcipheko umhlaza kukuba ukubona ukuba kusekwangoko nzima. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu. Iimpawu kuvela sele kwi zigaba emva kwexesha, xa unyango kunye nokufunyanwa kunzima, yaye maxa wambi ngamampunge.

yangasese adenocarcinoma - yenye yeyona ixhaphakileyo iintlobo zomhlaza okwenzeka ikholoni kunye emathunjini amancinci. A lithatyathwe isiphako enjalo leseli glandular le isifo. Njengoko le Ithumba esivelayo, ichaphazela maleko kwimisipha serosal. Ngapha koko, le Ithumba unako ukukhula nkqu amathumbu.

Njani umhlaza kwamathumbu?

Inkoliso umhlaza ferriferous abantu bangenwe engama-50 ubudala. Njengoko ngenxa yengxinano sifo nabanye abantu abane ngakumbi, baxhomekeke ngqo ngendlela ndabethwa udonga ethunjini.

Kwesisu adenocarcinoma luchaphazela, njengoko umthetho, hayi kuphela nenqatha, kodwa emathunjini amancinci. Kodwa ke uninzi lolu hlobo lomhlaza zibonwa kodwa ikholoni. Kule sifo abafazi phezu kwendawo 4 kweziganeko zonke iintlobo zomhlaza kunokwenzeka.

iintlobo

Adenocarcinoma bahluka iqondo lutshintsho waya iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela zilandelayo:

• ngokwahlukeneyo kakhulu;

• ngokulinganisela umahluko;

• kakuhle umahluko.

Ifanele igxininiswe ukuba adenocarcinoma kakubi enomahluko yethumbu lwenzeka kakhulu enzima. Le Ithumba ukuze ukhethe indawo zinqwnqwadelwe kwicala nayiphi na inxalenye emathunjini, kodwa kaninzi oko kutyhilwa isikali.

Ngokumalunga emathunjini amancinci, kulo mzekelo, nethumba eshiyekileyo ifunyanwa kakhulu alufane. Ukuba ngokubanzi zonke iimeko ukubonakala kwalo ngezifo, lo duodenum isiqingatha nachaphazelekayo amatyala. Ukuba uthelekisa amadoda kunye nabafazi, sex onamandla ezithandwa kakhulu nesi sifo. Uninzi yomonakalo enjalo ibanjiwe phakathi kweminyaka engama-50 no-60.

isigaba

Njengoko ngokuba nokusindlekwa esi sifo, ixesha lonke yahlulwe kwizithuba zezi:

• Lokuqala sigaba sibandakanya kuphela isifo;

• sesibini isigaba kwenzeka uzakoyisa onke layers umzimba;

• kwinqanaba lesithathu kwinkqubo enjalo sele iindawo nkovu ziziphene ubandakanyekile;

• kunye nowesine linyathelo Ukudlulela nakujoliso olutsha kuqala ukubonisa nyathelo yeyona iyingozi kakhulu ngabantu.

Xa isigaba isifo wamathumbu adenocarcinoma kumiselwa inkqubo TNM leyo ibhaqa ubukhulu bezinto ithumba, njengoko babesiba iindawo kunye nobukho Ukudlulela nakujoliso olutsha nkovu.

wenza njani esi sifo?

Ngelishwa, adenocarcinoma yethumbu - sisifo eyingozi kakhulu ukuvela, phantse na lokuzenza. Njengomgaqo, isiphako enjalo kwakheka kwi imvelaphi ezingapheliyo ukudumba ikholoni, ngoko ke umntu ufumana ukubonakala kwakhe eziya zisiba yokugula kwakhe. Xa adenokartsenoma enkulu uninzi uzenza waziva kwimeko, xa kwabonakala metastases.

Ngokuphathelele iimpawu yokulumkisa kwangethuba ukuba zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• iingxaki kunye nosihlalo rhoqo;

• ukungcola igazi kweenyawo;

• Amanzi uxakaxa ngamaqhekeza igazi ekuqaleni defecation;

• Ukuba isifo siqhubeka, umntu intlungu ezibukhali okanye buthuntu kummandla kwamathumbu;

• ubuhlungu ngokuhamba kwexesha ucaca ngakumbi;

• sigaba yokugqibela iya kuvulwa wamathumbu ukopha, igazi, yaye kukho ityhefu jikelele yonke eziphilayo.

Ngoko ke wabonakalisa adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni. Abantu abane ivame yedanisayo.

Okukhona behlasela esi sifo, abantu abaninzi baqala ukudinwa, kukho ubuthathaka ngenxa yomhlaza ukunxila. A uphazamiseko ukugaywa eqhelekileyo ukutya kukhokelela ukuba umntu uqalisa ukuncipha kakhulu.

Isifo okuqhubekayo ngakumbi, kokukhona iimpawu ezingalunganga ebantwini, eli nqanaba lokugqibela ukuba ubushushu bomzimba kuvuselwa degrees 38. ifomu esitulweni kwakhona iguqulwe kakhulu, nokuqunjelwa nokuxuba ne sorhudo, kwaye ube livumba enamandla enukayo.

Amaxesha amaninzi isigulane uqalisa ukuziva ukuba akukho nto waziqongqotha ngokupheleleyo ezibilini zakho. Ngenxa yoko, kukho yindibanisela spasmodic kwemisipha, kwaye kukho ababuxoki iminqweno ulwabiwo ukuhamba kwesisu. Ukongeza, umntu angaya yangasese amaxesha ukuya ku-20 ngemini ukubhobhoza imbopheleleko yencindi negazi. Ezi adenocarcinoma yingozi emathunjini.

Xa metastases kwenzeka esinyini inyongo kwaye esibindini, ngoko ke umntu uqala ukubona isiphumo senyongo abangaboniyo. Kwaye kwimeko xa ithumba ikhula ngamandla, ukuba uyakwazi ukuvala sayo, isiphumo kuphazamisa defecation, kodwa abangenza iintlungu esiswini, zize zifakwe iimpawu isicaphucaphu kunye ubuqhophololo.

Njengoko usazi, omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ikholoni - lo nokwanda nokugcinwa endleni, leyo ukuthobela ithumba, ebangela ukuba ulcerate. Ukuba imeko iqalisa ukuphuhlisa, xa ithe ngakumbi ziya kongezelelwa, ukungcola of netuwa ubovu kunye negazi.

Ziziphi izinto ukuqala ekuqaleni kwesi sifo?

Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni nga kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Iingcali ziye phendla liqaphele zinto zilandelayo engabangela uphuhliso kule isiphene, ezizezi:

• ubukho polyp kwi ikholoni;

• wenze;

• isilonda duodenal;

• nokuqunjelwa ezingapheliyo;

• isifo papillomavirus.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba umhlaza unako sizalwe ukusuka ngamathumba ebubonisayo. A ngokoyiswa kule isiphene yalo duodenum kubangelwa ikakhulu yokuba kuchaphazela enyongweni incindi pancreatic.

Ngaphezu koko, adenocarcinoma wamathumbu (unyango kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi) ukuze kuxhokonxwa zinto zilandelayo:

• ukudla engafanelekanga;

• zokusela iziselo ezinxilisayo;

• ukutshaya;

• babefumana uxinzelelo;

• yofuzo.

Kufuneka igxininiswe into yokuba kwezinye iimeko kusenokuba kukho njengokubonisa yamathumba ezimbini amabi - kukho umhlaza ikholoni kunye emathunjini amancinci.

Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni ngokufuthi kubonakala kubantu musa ukulandela ukutya okanye uphethwe fistula in ezinqeni. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba Usenokuziva uphuhliso kwesi sifo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemichiza emsebenzini ekhaya.

Iimpawu, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ezifuna

Adenocarcinoma bayiveze yi ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba umhlaza uye wazibonakalisa emathunjini amancinci, iimpawu zezi:

• stably wabonakalaliswa iintlungu esiswini eliphezulu;

• nokuqunjelwa beman kunye ilindle wamanzi;

• flatulence;

• isicaphucaphu kunye ubuqhophololo;

• ngesiquphe umzimba.

Njengoko wamathumbu adenocarcinoma (izinyathelo 3 no-4) uya kukhula, umntu abonise iimpawu ukunxila. A uphawu oku ilahleko namdla okanye ukwala ngokupheleleyo ukutya, kuya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ityala sinzima ngokwaneleyo, ukopha zingenzeka. Xa linqanam yesine yalo nesiphako, lomhlaza kuchaphazela onke amalungu ezikufutshane.

Xa adenocarcinoma ingaqala izilonda eludongeni emathunjini amancinci, nangezilonda ezinjalo kungabangela ukopha lokuvula.

Ke adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni, kukho izinto ezininzi, ezizezi:

• wamisa intlungu esiswini asezantsi;

• iphango emsebenzini ngokupheleleyo;

• endleni kukho inani elikhulu yencindi namaqhekeza igazi;

• maxa wambi isitulo inokufumaneka ubomvu.

Ukuba bachukunyiswa yi ekunene eludongeni isisu, ukopha uza ezifihliweyo. Kodwa ukuba Ithumba angenzakali kwicandelo lasekhohlo, endleni kuya kubakho igazi ebomvu emnyama. Uthe ke omnye iimpawu kakhulu kwesi sifo, kuba ezimisele lobuxoki ukuba intshukumo kwesisu.

Ukuba umntu wavela ubuncinane enye kwezi mpawu zingasentla, ukuba umqondiso ukuba abanaluncedo ngokukhawuleza. Musa esichengeni ubomi babo baze ngoyaba loo miqondiso.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntu luphuhlisa eliphezulu-grade kwesisu adenocarcinoma, isikhalazo ixhaphakileyo - opha ingquza.

Uxilongo lwe colon adenokartsenomy

Esi sifo, ezifana umhlaza colon, wahlala phantsi kususelwe zazo zilandelayo:

• Izikhalazo yesigulana;

• Imbali lokusebenza;

• uhlolo olubonakalayo;

• Ukuhlolisisa isikali usebenzisa Ngokucofa;

• iimviwo instrumental.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphezulu kwama-70% azo zonke yamathumba umhlaza colon ibekwe emathunjini asezantsi, ngoko ke bungabonakala indlela Ngokucofa okanye sigmoidoscopy. Ukuba indawo nokusasazwa liphezulu, yingcali isebenzisa colonoscopy. Kwaye ukuze enze imizekelo biopsy ukuba uviwo histological, ugqirha usebenzisa colonoscopy, nto leyo inceda ukukhetha isampulu.

Ukuqikelela ubungakanani nokumila ithumba, esebenzisa uviwo radiopaque ye ikholoni. Kuba efumanise Ukudlulela usebenzisa ultrasound. Kwakhona, le ndlela iboniswe xa kunokwenzeka ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba enze endoscopy.

Ukongeza ubuchule ngentla isigulane kufuneka kudlule iimvavanyo zilandelayo:

• igazi nemimoya gciwane ;

• Uhlalutyo ezinto;

• iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo igazi kunye nomchamo.

Xa ugqirha wakho uya kuba phezu esandleni zonke iziphumo zophando, kuphela kulo mzekelo uya kuba nako ukuseka ukuxilongwa.

Adenocarcinoma kwamathumbu amancinci: Diagnosis

Indima ibalulekileyo uxilongo yamathumba ezinjalo badlala ntlobo zilandelayo lokuhlola, ezizezi:

• iimviwo X-ray;

• probe enterograph;

• iimviwo sicatshulwa umehluko element;

• irrirografiya;

• ultrasound;

• Itomography ngekhompyutha;

• angiography ukukhetha.

Ngokubhekiselele ubuchule ezifana colonoscopy kunye enteroscopy, kulo mzekelo usebenzisa kuphela emathunjini yokuqala ayibobuchule wokuqala ukuhlola ngokubanzi, kwaye usebenzisa indlela yesibini - thermal ngokwahlukana.

Kwakhona, xa isiphene kurhanelwa otyunjwe igazi nomchamo uvavanyo. Kwezinye iimeko oyingcaphephe ukubekwa iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani umonakalo emathunjini amancinci.

Njengoko amaqhinga zonyango ezikhethiweyo kwaye uqikelelo umguli?

Lahla olu hlobo yamathumba nga zingasetyenziswa kuphela ukuba uqhaqho. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba tirhisa nkqubo, isigulane kufuneka bangenele uviwo olupheleleyo.

Ukuba umhlaza sele kufunyenwe emathunjini amancinci, lo resection ngokubanzi luyenziwa. ukususwa kwaso ngokupheleleyo ekucetyiswa ukuba umhlaza duodenum. Kwaye ukuba kukho imfuneko engaphezulu, iyakwazi ukwenza, kwaye resection esiswini.

Amaxesha amaninzi kwalo obudibene ichemotherapy. A umhlaza chemotherapy ifomu esingasebenziyo - kuphela ithuba umntu. Ekuphumezeni utyando ngomhla woku-1 and 2 ibakala emihlanu kusinda uleyisayo umbundu-40% yezigulane.

Ukuba unesifo "unomhlaza wamathumbu", oko nazo zabelwa uqhaqho. Kulo mzekelo ukuba ukudumba iphantsi, loo indle kwakhiwa. Oku kwenza kube lula ukwandisa ubomi babantu.

Ukuba sele kokufunyaniswa kanye isikali, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqhuba zokukhanya phambi kutyando emva. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba bazuze iziphumo esiphezulu.

Ke adenokartsenomy colon kwinqanaba lokuqala, lo nyaka emihlanu-elingama uleyisayo umbundu 90% yazo zonke izigulane. Xa nyathelo yesibini ezinjalo kuncitshiswa kwi-80%. Kwaye xa uzingela isigaba embundwini kwesesithathu nakwesesine ezintlanu soyise kuphela isiqingatha nje zonke izigulane.

Ngelishwa, ngenxa yokuba uphuhliso obude imperceptible kwesi sifo abantu abaninzi kufa ngenxa yesiphako eso unesifo ngxexesha apho amayeza angenza nto ingako ukunceda.

amanyathelo othintelo

Unokuyithintela njani umhlaza colon? Adenocarcinoma kwenzeka ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• polyp colorectal;

• iinkqubo ukudumba ephuhlisa ethunjini;

• imali elingonelanga ifayibha aphele;

• iingxaki kunye nosihlalo rhoqo;

• yobudala phambili.

Ukuba esweni ngenyameko impilo yabo kunye nexesha ukuchonga kukuphelisa konke nezi ngxaki zichazwe ngentla, umntu uya kukwazi ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwesi sifo. Kubalulekile ukuba iliso amandla abo kwaye ukuba zinciphise ukusetyenziswa ukutya olunamafutha kunye zinongiwe.

Njengoko abantu abadala, ngoko, njengoko kucacisiwe apha ngentla, ukuba benegxaki kugula, ngoko musa ukuphepha uhlolo rhoqo Coloproctology. Musa ngoyaba le lweengcali, nguye, kwaye usindise ubomi bakho. Kwandula usaqala kungabonwa kwamathumbu adenocarcinoma. I-ALS emva kotyando ulungile.

isiphelo

Ngelishwa, iyeza ukuba unako ukuloyisa ngokupheleleyo umhlaza, ayikho kodwa ayikho. amayeza Modern linikeza iinkqubo kunye iziyobisi zisebenza kuphela kwinqanaba lokuqala. Kodwa xa isifo eso sele ikwinyathelo eliphambili, amathuba zincinci. Yiloo nto lo mba kufuneka ihlawulwe ixesha, ngokuba lo ubhaqo kwangethuba lomhlaza inika ithuba elikhulu ukuba umntu uza ukumelana nesi sifo kwaye akwazi ukuqhubeka ukuphila oko. Amaninzi kufuneka ukuba uhlawule ingqalelo emzimbeni wakho kwaye ngomoya omhle Kwathi nokuhlola ngonyaka.

Siye sahlolisisa isifo esi adenocarcinoma namathumbu, i-ALS uchazwa.