Kutheni idoli ikhula e-Ukraine namhlanje?

Okwangoku, isantya se-dollar yase-Ukraine kwi-Interbank yase-Ukraine ye-Interbank Currency Exchange yafika kwibhalansi enesibindi kwaye izinzile kwi-20-21 UAH. Esi sikhundla asikwazi kuthathwa njengengxelo yexesha elide, nangona ixabiso lemali yehlabathi liye lawa kakhulu lifaniswa namaxabiso ahlonishwa ngaphambili, afinyelela kuma-30 okanye ngaphezulu kwe-UAH / USD. Izibikezelo ezingenangqondo zokuhlalutya ziyakhiwa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ngexesha leemfuno ze-peak, akukho mntu wabuza ngokukodwa ukuba kutheni idola likhula e-Ukraine. Oku kubonakala kubangelwa yintlekeleko jikelele kwilizwe elibhekiselele kulohlu lokwahlukana kweCrimea, ukunyuka kwempi yeMpuma kunye nokulindela ukuxhalaba okuhambelana nale meko. Namhlanje, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kukho ithuba lokuhlaziya iimbangela zokuwa kweeprojekiti nokuvavanya amathemba alo.

Iindlela zokungenelela kwemali

Ukuze uqonde oko kuhambelana nokukhula kwedola e-Ukraine, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda izizathu eziqhelekileyo zezi bakala ngaphandle kokubopha kwilizwe elithile. Imithetho yoqoqosho isebenza ngokufanayo kwiindawo zonke zehlabathi. Ukutshintshwa kwamazinga okutshintshana e-Afrika, nase-Asiya, naseMelika, nakwiindawo ezikude e-Australia, iimpawu zabo zihlalutyo ngokucokisekileyo ngabagcini be-stockbrokers, benza uvavanyo kwaye baqikelele ukukhula okuthe xaxa okanye bawela emagqabini. Kakade ke, nganye imarike inemiba ethile, kodwa, ngokubanzi, ixabiso leyunithi yezimali lixhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela zokumisela. Umlawuli onamandla kunawo onke ukungenelela kweBhanki Ephakathi kwelizwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba, xa kunokwenzeka ukulahla okungafunekiyo (umdaka waseNdiya, umzekelo), ibhanki ephakathi yaseIndiya iqala ukuthengisa idola, ngaloo ndlela idibanise ixabiso layo. Lapho athabatha imali yangaphandle yinkalo yesibini. I-Bhanki Ephakathi iyakususa kwi-store reserves okanye ibolekwe kwelinye ilizwe.

Amatyala

Kukho umbuzo omnye obalulekileyo, ukuphendula ukuba ngubani unokuqonda ukuba kutheni idola likhula e-Ukraine. Namhlanje, ityala langaphakathi likarhulumente lidlulile ixabiso leprogram eyiyure kunye nesiqingatha. Le mali ihambelana nokukhulu komkhiqizo wesizwe wonke, oko kukuthi, ukubaluleka kwazo zonke izinto eziphathekayo eziveliswe kweli lizwe kunyaka. Isistim siyingozi, kodwa asiyiyo yonke. Kwakhona kukho ityala langaphandle, ubukhulu balo obulinganiselwa kwiibhiliyoni zeedola, kunye neenombolo ezimbini. URhulumente uxoxisana ngokulungiswa, ukuqonda, ngokucacileyo, njengento yokunyanzeliswa kweentlawulo kunye nethemba lokuxolelwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa, nangona izithembiso eziqaqambileyo, izinto zisezinzile. Okwangoku, isantya sedoli sikhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo. "I-Ukraine, kutheni unyamezele ulawulo lukaYanukovych ixesha elide?" - cela abemi belizwe. Emva koko kulandela ukunyanzelwa kwembali.

Njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili

Akunakutsholwa ukuba ngexesha lolawulo lukaMongameli uViktor Yanukovych, uqoqosho lwaluhle kakhulu. Ngokutsho kweGontareva, esanda kuqeshwa nguMphathiswa wezeMali, iminyaka emithathu yanele ukuba "ulawulo lolwaphulo-mthetho lukhutshwe yiRevolution of Virtue" ukuze kuchithe iidola ezingama-bhiliyoni ezingama-23 kwiibhizinisi ezingenanto zokugcina izinga lokutshintshiselana phakathi kwe-8.10 UAH / $.

Ku kunjalo. Ngaphezu koko, i-Gontareva idata iyancoma uhulumeni ka-Azarov: basadingeka ukunyusa inani lokukhula kwetyala langaphandle (i-2.4 2.4 billion). Kodwa yonke into iyaziwa ngokuthelekiswa. Ngokumalunga nokukhulu kangakanani ukukhula kwamanani okungenelela kwemali ngoku, umntu unokugweba ukususela kwimida yokunciphisa iindleko zokutshintshiselana ngegolide kunye nakwamanye amazwe.

Indawo yokuGcina

I-gold ne-currency reserves yaseUkraine, njengeyokuqala kuka-2015, ibe yi-$ 7.5 yezigidigidi. Akuzange kubekho ngaphantsi kwimbali yelizwe elizimeleyo, ngaphandle koFebruwari 2004. I-ZVR iyadingeka nayiphi na ilizwe ukuqinisekisa ukuzimela kwayo kwezoqoqosho. Imfuno ekhethekileyo ivela kwixesha elinzima kakhulu, elinye lithathwa ngoku nje. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinzima izibonelelo zihlala zichithwa kakuhle. Ukunciphisa iibhiliyoni ezi-8 ngokumalunga nokukhula kweetyala nge-$ 2.6 yezigidigidi ayizange iphendule umbuzo malunga nokuba idoli iyanda e-Ukraine, kwaye ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngamakhulu eepesenti. Emva kwakho konke, imali eninzi yayisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa izinga lokutshintshiselwa, kwaye umphumo wawungalunganga.

Umgodi waseNaftogaz kunye nekhishini le-hryvnia

Isibambiso soqhagamshelwano lweblue blue can discourage someone ignorant. Enyanisweni, ukutshintshwa kwezabelo zale nkampani yokumisela kwiibhondi zikaRhulumente (i-OVDP), kubonakala sengathi yenziwe ngenjongo yokuba ungayisebenzisi imali eyimfuneko yelizwe langaphandle, kukuthi, ekuhlalutyweni kokugqibela, kuncitshiswa ukuthenga kuzo zonke iidola ezifanayo. Bavela phi? Ewe, yonke into efana neyoyibilika ngokukhawuleza yegolide kunye nemali yemali. Kubalulekile ukuhlawula igesi, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ababoneleli (bobabini baseRashiya nabaseYurophu) abafuni ukuthatha iimbophelelo. Ekubeni uNaftogaz echitha ngaphezu kweyayifumana, imbobo yemali ekhulayo kufuneka ivalwe kunye neefurithi ezifanayo, kwaye i-hryvnias yabo yokuhlawula isetyenzisiweyo, isitywina sayo sihamba phambi kweshedyuli. Umsebenzi wokutshitshisa iGosznak, oye wabangela ukukhutshwa okungalawulwayo - esinye sezizathu zokuba idoli ikhula e-Ukraine namhlanje, nangona ngasese. Umda kule ngqungquthela isungulwa kuphela ngobukhulu beendawo zokugcina zegolide, zonke eziye zinciphisa.

IMfazwe

Ingaba kukho imfazwe empuma ye-Ukraine namhlanje yinkinga enzima kunye nengxabano. Ukuqwalasela inani lokubulawa kwabantu kunye nokubhujiswa, ngokuqinisekileyo kwenzeka. Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente wakhe okhoyo obizwa ngokuba yiyona nto ibangela imbandezelo yoqoqosho. Ummelwane osenyakatho (obizwa ngokuba yiRashiya) ubonisa iinzame ezinzima - yingakho idoli ikhula eUkraine nezinye izinto ezingamnandi ezenzekayo. Enyanisweni, ukusebenza kwezempi okwexesha elide, elibizwa ngokuba ngumchasi-mthetho kwaye lihamba kunye nobudenge bentloko, iindleko zebhajethi ezingavumelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, akusona isizathu esona sizathu sokuhlaziywa. Ukuphazamiseka kobambiswano lwezoqoqosho kunye namazwe eCIS kwaye, kwindawo yokuqala, kunye neRussian Federation, inefuthe elikhulu kule nkqubo. Isiphumo saye sayehla ngokukhawuleza kwisiseko seerhafu. Amashishini asekhompyutheni alahlekelwe iindlela zokunikezela, ukungasebenzi kunye nokusilela kwebhajethi yoluntu kwanda (inqanaba elihlelwe ngu-3.7% we-GDP, okanye i-UAH eyi-63.7 yezigidigidi, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba igcinwe kule mijelo).

Inkathazo yebhanki

Ubuninzi be-solvent yiyona siseko yokuphumelela koqoqosho lwelizwe. Ukuphononongwa kwexesha elifutshane kufake izigidi zabantu abathengi kwiibhanki zaseUkraine kwiimeko ezibucayi. Ukuthatha iimali-mboleko zemali zangaphandle ngezinga le-5 ukuya ku-8 nge-dollar nganye, babhekene nokukhetha okunzima phakathi kokulahlekelwa kwepropati ehlawulwe ngokukhawuleza kunye nesidingo sokutsalathisa intambo engapheliyo yeentlawulo ezintathu. Ukulahleka kweebhanki kwakuninzi kakhulu, ukubaluleka kwezinto ezifunyenweyo kuye kwehla, njengoko kwenzayo imali. Kubathengi, umbuzo wokuba kutheni i dollar ikhula e-Ukraine ibalulekile, kaninzi abakwaziyo ukuzalisekisa imimiselo yesivumelwano, echaphazela kakubi yonke inkqubo yebhanki, ukuyibeka kwisigxina.

Ithemba

Zonke izithemba zokuza kuzinza kweemeko zezoqoqosho e-Ukraine ubukhokeli belizwe bubanika ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kunye nakwamanye amazwe (angasentshona), ubuncinane, iindlela ezinjalo zokuphuma zivakaliswa zivela kwiindibano eziphezulu. Kutheni kutheni idola likhula e-Ukraine, ngexesha lokuthetha ngokusuka entliziyweni, uMongameli okanye uNdunankulu ungatsho ukuba ungalindela njani i-hryvnia kungekudala. Esinye sezixhobo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukudibanisa ukuwa kwemali yesizwe kwakuyimingcipheko yokuthengiswa kwemali kubangenisi. Oku kunciphisa ukufunwa kwangoko kwidola, kodwa kweli phepha lichazwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngokubhekiselele ekuguqulweni kwezinto, abaninzi abantu abayiqondi injongo yabo. Ngokugqithiseleyo, njengentsebenzo, isivumelwane esilandelayo esingenakwenzeka kwimida yokungena kwi-visa-free kunye neYurophu. Kulo mgaqo-mali lo mbandela, nangona kunjalo, akanalo ulwalamano. Ngaphandle kooncedo olungaphandle lwangaphandle, uqoqosho aluyi kukwazi ukunqoba i-crisisic crisis, kwaye akukho lizwe likhawuleza ukulinika. Kule miqathango, umbuzo othi kungani idola likhula e-Ukraine ngokukhawuleza lilahlekelwa lifanelekileyo.