Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov: engobomi, usapho, ezintlwini zomkhosi nezihloko

Imbali, nto leyo ehambisana kunye igama umninawa ka Nicholas II, sifunda ukuba Thriller yokwenene, nto leyo iquka imiba engenangqondo yokwenene. Iqela mbali bakholelwa ukuba i-Grand Duke uMikhail Romanov Ngokwenyaniso nguzwilakhe yokugqibela Russian. Nangona leSoviet zonke ngayo akhetha ukuba ukukhumbula. Kwi-West, oko lamiselwa ... I bayahlelwa Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov ziza kuboniswa kwinqaku.

agoge

UMikhail Romanov wazalwa ekuqaleni kobusika, le yesibini ngo-1878. Yena - unyana omncinane Alexander III. Ngu yokulandelelana etroneni Russian, yena ingqalelo eyesithathu. I lokuqala umbusi elizayo Nicholas II kunye George.

Young Mihail ros boy ehlokomayo ekrelekrele. Ukususela kwasebuntwaneni uye bayayithanda amahashe-ekukhweleni, ukuzingela, imidlalo yeqonga. Emva kwexesha elithile, ezi ozikhethayo kongezelelwa uqhuba imoto kunye nomdla wokwenene mboni.

Ngokutsho memoirs, uMichael kakuhle kakhulu onesimilo, athobekile kwaye ndineentloni. Ukongeza, ukuba abayinqobo kunye nedemokhrasi. Oko kukuthi, ngamanye amaxesha wesuka inkampani kwabacebisi yakhe, hayi nezihlobo.

Kwakhona akazange anike imali ngokupheleleyo akukho ixabiso. Kulo mzekelo, wabheka bazizityebi phakathi kweenkosana enkulu.

Ubukhulu becala, xenikweni wavukayo ngendlela engqongqo, indawo phantse spartan. UYise - woMlawuli of Russia, noMaria Feodorovna, umfazi ka-Alexander III, bamsa "ngaphandle ubuthathaka kunye ziimvakalelo." Kwafuneka ukuba ukuthobela ulawulo olungqongqo kwemini, eyasekwa yi ngabazali. Walala phezu bhedana esigangeni eqhelekileyo. Xa bavuka, ndathatha iibhate ezibandayo badle sakusasa oatmeal zesiqhelo.

Yonke imihla, nakanjani, wafunda kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo. Prince kwakufuneka aye iinkonzo ecaweni kwaye enze utyelelo kwizalamane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, wathabatha inxaxheba kwiziganeko ezisemthethweni.

Ke zonke Royals Umendo inkonzo iLizwe loobawo kuphela ukuba uMikayeli ekuzalweni wabelwa ziingcungcu kwaye yodumo Preobrazhensky butho. Kwiminyaka kamva, koko oko kwabhalwa kwicandelo cuirassier, waza wabubhekisa omnye squadrons webutho, "cuirassiers Blue."

yindlalifa

Ngaphambi nje ezi ziganeko ngexesha bahambahamba hlayisekile wafa ngesiquphe omnye wabazalwana abadala, Michael George. Unobangela yokufa kwakhe kokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha. Hi ndlela leyi, ngaphambi Ke kaloku kwathi, umzekelo: sisikhumbuzo ngaye umninawa kamva igama igama unyana wakhe yeentsana ...

Emva kokufa George Michael ke ngequbuliso waba yindlalifa etroneni, ukususela usapho loMlawuli Nicholas II ngelo xesha wayengenanyana.

Michael wafumana inxalenye enkulu ilifa zikamfi. ngoku kuquka impahla yakhe ibeyindawo enkulu kunye Brasov ukuba phantsi Bryansk.

Eneneni Kubalulekile: George wathwala isihloko "nkosana isithsaba", ngaphandle kukaMikayeli, akazange afumane le isihloko. Enyanisweni, le nto ikhokelele ekubeni intlebendwane ukuba Russian Tsar. Ngokubanzi, umqalisi ezi ncoko wayengasebenzi Feodorovna, umfazi ka-Alexander III, babe Dowager uKumkanikazi kunye neqembu layo.

Noko ke, eneneni, yonke le meko nzima-ukushaya kulula noko ukuchaza. Inyaniso kukuba, umfazi nguzwilakhe Russian besithembe ukuba unyana wakhe sabuya sabonakala. Ke kaloku, ngowe-1904, loo nto ayizange yenzeke, uMichael Uyekile ukwenza yindlalifa. Kodwa ngoku wabamba isihloko 'ngumlawuli karhulumente. " Ingongoma kukuba i-Duke Grand usenokuba ezinjalo, ukuba umlawuli akavumanga. Kwaye, ngokulandelelana, ngokutsho isihloko uMikhail unokusebenzisa nje unyana kaKesare sele ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala uninzi.

uthando triangle

Kubalulekile ukuphawula, kunye nguzwilakhe kunye Michael baba ulwalamano oneengxaki kakhulu kwaye kunzima. Yaye zenziwa nzima ngakumbi xa Duke Grand wagqiba bagqibe umtshato morganatic kunye Natalia Vulfert. Kuba ukuthanda oko, enyanisweni, ziyalicekisa itrone Russian.

Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov wadibana umfazi wakhe elizayo kwelinye mibhiyozo. Ngeli xesha, uNatalia waye umfazi uLieutenant Gatchina webutho, Vladimir Vulfert. Hi ndlela leyi, umthetheli omkhulu, wenza njengoko sinoMthetheleli yale yunithi. Phela, phambi Natalia enye umtshato.

Enoba oko, baqala ezothando yelanga phakathi umthetheli kunye nomfazi wakhe, igosa. Ezi ubudlelwane baye ngokoqobo amanye amehlo. Kwelinye icala, zabangela nokuyibuka lokwenene. Kodwa kwelinye icala - ngomona. abathandi ukuhlangabezana lula kukuba umthetheli kunye nomfazi wakhe Natalia ebesazi ixesha elide. Bona ndawonye wayendithanda osisinyaniso kufota.

Emva kwexesha elithile, namarhe malunga umcimbi waza waya umlawuli. Waba aneliseke ezi ehleba umntakwabo omncinane. Ngenxa yoko, uMikayeli kwafuneka ukuba anike phezu ngokomyalelo unit wamajoni, emva koko waya Eagle. Waba nomyali Chernigov Hussars. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1909.

Ngeli xesha, i uMichael othandekayo kwakusekho lady otshatileyo. Yena ke watshata ebandleni. Ngelo xesha wayekhulelwe yi-Grand Duke. Kodwa amalungelo apha ukuba inzala yakusasa sombutho kuphela Vulfert, indoda okuphendula.

ngenyanga enye kuphela phambi kokuzalwa komntwana wokuqala imeko sele iqalile ukutshintsha. Ngemvume yoMlawuli onke amaxwebhu malunga umtshato yadluliselwa Sinodi oyiNgcwele ukuze siqwalaselwe. Ngenxa yoko, ngehlobo lowe-1910 Natalia kunye Vladimir yayeka ukuba indoda nomfazi. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva engengowamazibulo, kunye Michael - nonyana George.

Iziphumo umtshato

Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov biography lizele iziganeko umdla azama ukweyisela umzalwana wakhe omdala ukuba avunyelwe ukuba atshate intanda yakhe. Kodwa nguzwilakhe Russian wayesazimisele wathi awazenzayo singazendiseli imvume yawo. Ubukhulu becala, baba phezu sizathu esihle kakhulu. Eneneni Natalia yaba noblewoman elula, ayithethi ilifa isihloko. Ngaphezu koko, yena sele etshatile kabini. Kodwa okona kubaluleke kakhulu, lo mtshato bekusoloko ibandla.

Noko ke, uMichael wayezimisele. Ngowe-1912, le abathandi ayesenako lendile. Beza kunye ngokufihlakeleyo iicawa ezincinane Austria.

I koMlawuli waba nomsindo waza wenza unako ukuthintela umtshato wabo. Ukuze le njongo, uye wahambisa indlela iinkonzo lwangaphakathi ozakuzo. Bathi ukuba yonke le meko esinzima ngenxa yokuba Alexandra Feodorovna, umfazi yokumkani, ngokwenene boyika iyelenqe phezu inxalenye Grand Duke. Ukuba wayesoyika ukuba uMikayeli izama ukubhukuqa Nicholas ukusuka etroneni.

Enoba lwalunjani, kweli dabi, luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi Grand nguye ophumeleleyo. Kodwa nantsi impembelelo ezi yantlukwano ziye yintlekele kuye. Okokuqala, uye wayeka ukuba abe ngumlawuli, oko ke ibamba. Okwesibini, wagxothwa zonke izithuba kunye nezikhundla. Ekubeni th 1901 - oku asiyo ilungu leBhunga State. Okwesithathu, yonke kwilifa Grand Duke zibe phantsi kwempahla. Kwaye, yesine, akazange avunyelwe ukuba abuyele ekhaya. Ngenxa yoko, intsapho amanene wagqiba ukuba uza kuhlala eYurophu.

ukubuya

Iindaba kokuqhambuka leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi wafumana uMikayeli kwi-UK. Yena ngoko nangoko wagqiba ukubhala ileta eya kumzalwana wakhe omdala, apho wacela imvume ukuze babuyele ekhaya. Nangona ubudlelwane ungakhululekanga, umlawuli wanika ithuba lokuba i-Grand Duke ukuza eRashiya. Ke kaloku, emva kwexesha elithile, uMichael wakhokela odumileyo Wild Division abaninzi. Eli candelo ngelo xesha, walwa ngaphambili Galician. Iimfazwe prince wawongwa i-George Cross besigaba sesine.

Ngeli xesha umfazi Natalia wakwazi ukuba balungelelanise esibhedlele, leyo esekelwe kwi-Pomakazi yendoda yakhe. Zemizi Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich naye ngokuba Alekseevskii komkhulu. Waqalisa ukuba uyile emva ngo 1883. Prince Michael wayenqwenela ukuba wakhangela ngathi Chateau French.

Ukongeza, i-Duke Grand imali iye yasekwa kwaye "uloliwe esibhedlele."

yokubuyisana

Ngowe-1915, i-nguzwilakhe Russian yagqiba ukuya uxolelaniso yokugqibela kunye Michael. Ngoko ke, okuphendula UNikolai wanika isihloko count. Waba sisidwangube Brasova. Kakade ke, nyana wakhe uGeorge wafumana elo gama. Ukongeza, nokwazeka kwayo umlawuli. George ngokusemthethweni waba umtshana wakhe. Nangona ilungelo kwetrone. Kodwa ngoku, emva kokuba uyise wakhe uMikayeli, yena wayengomnye esondele etroneni umntu Russian.

kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kamva, lo mfana ezintle umdla wabulawa ukulimala nanako kwingozi yemoto.

Ukuya emva iziganeko kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, wathi kweli xesha, uMichael waqalisa ukuba sigcine idayari. Zirekhodiwe wenza de wafa ngesiquphe. Diaries of Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov lwapapashwa kutshanje.

Fronde

Ekupheleni kuka-1916 amanye amanenekazi ezukileyo baye bagqiba ukuba eme ngokuchasene ukumkani. demarches lwabo luquka kwimbali yesizwe njenge "njengenkosana Fronde."

Afuna ukuba asuse ulawulo karhulumente kuphela indoda endala Rasputin, kodwa uKumkanikazi. bamkelwa nabo ukuba bangene njalo. n. "Vutihlamuleri bya."

Grand Duke Mihail Aleksandrovich, umzalwana yokumkani wokugqibela, wayesele ezazi umahluko phakathi Romanovs. Ke kaloku Rasputin wabulawa, akazange utyikitye ileta ngokuhlangeneyo ukuba ezinye izalamane zakhe, abaya ekhalazela isigqibo malunga isiphelo Dmitri Pavlovich. I-Grand Duke wabandakanyeka iyelenqe nxamnye umdala.

Ngokufutshane, i-Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov akazange iyelenqe nxamnye nomzalwana wakhe enkulu. Ngaphezu koko, ngaloo mihla, wayesele esondele kakhulu kwi kumkani. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ubudlelwane baye bazama ukuba uthathe ithuba ezopolitiko ezininzi kunye neenkokeli zomkhosi. Ukongezelela, abaninzi ababephila ngexesha lakhe walatha indima yomfazi kaMichael. salon yakhe yaba uhlobo liziko washumayela kuphela liberalism, kodwa kwakhona abeke phambili le nkosana ezukileyo ukuya etroneni.

IManifesto Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich

UMichael Gatchina owaqala yonke Februwari revolution. Nicholas asiyeke futhi elandelwa umninawa. Kuba baninzi ababephila ngayo candidacy yakhe kwetrone zibonakala kuphela kwaye elinye kakhulu kuphuhliso lweli lizwe.

A Inani leeyunithi zomkhosi sele baqalisa ukuba bafunge Michael II. Kodwa ke umthetheli ngokwakhe okwangoku akafuni emngciphekweni. Emkhosini, shela zakhe bavelisa nomphumo uxinezeleke.

Wezopolitiko Miliukov wazama ukucenga naye ukunika igunya. Wade wamema bonke monarchists ashiye eyinkunzi kumantla yaye amaqela eMoscow.

Noko ke, ngosuku olulandelayo, emva thethwano ixesha elide, oyinganga yapapasha "Manifesto kaMikayeli." Iphephandaba ukuba inkosana wayekulungele nangoku uyekelele etroneni. Kodwa ke, ngaphambi koko, ibizwe yiNdibano neqela, nto leyo eya kusingatha okuthandwayo ukuba ngokulandelelana.

Ithuba kwamandla ombaxa

Ngelo xesha, Grand Duke uMikhail Alexandrovich Romanov wafika yotshintsho olululo Petrograd. Waqhubeka lokumbambisa kungekho inxaxheba kubomi kwezopolitiko, kodwa ke urhulumente omtsha ukukhumbula ubukho bayo.

I-Grand Duke wayezama ukufumana imvume kwamanye amazwe. Wayefuna ukuba afudukele UK. Noko ke, urhulumente Kerensky, kwiBolsheviks, namagosa baseBritani benze achaseneyo esi sicelo.

Ke kaloku, akubon 'ukuba onganyelwe Kornilov, uMikayeli wabekwa phantsi endlini. Ukusuka kule entolongweni ke ndabagxotha kokuphela kukaSeptemba 1917. Ngeli xesha, iKhabhinethi wamvumela ukuba aye eCrimea. Kodwa emva kwazo zonke ezi ziganeko, wagqiba ukuhlala eRashiya waya Gatchina.

ubudlova

Ngelo xesha, ngo-Oktobha 1917 kombuso, kwiBolsheviks wathabatha amandla. Emva kwexesha elithile kokuba apheliswe iNdibano neqela, naphezu okuthandwayo akazange lo mbuzo.

Ngeli xesha, i-Grand Duke uMikhail Romanov nangoku Gatchina. NgoMatshi 1918, amandla amatsha uyazazi wathumela ukuba Perm.

Ekuqaleni, lo nto 'inkululeko intshukumo "uMikayeli umda phakathi komzi. Kodwa emva kwethutyana noonogada ebuzinzisile kweliso phezu kwakhe. Kwaye ngoJuni kulo nyaka, ebusuku, kwiBolsheviks wayiba evela ehotele, wasiwa ehlathini wadubula ...

Kangangethuba elide, isibakala le kubulawa yimfihlo. Kwaye kukho iphepha sesiko ukuba Duke Grand uhlala eOmsk ngoJulayi xa Perm ngamaxesha athile. Ngokutsho abezindaba, wayiqhubela abavukeli eSiberia ...

nabakhohlisi

Ngelo xesha nangoku akuswelanga isiqinisekiso esemthethweni ngokufa Grand Duke. Ulwazi malunga ukubulawa uNicholas II yapapashwa zonke iintlelo. Nxi ka uMikhail ayaziwa. Ngako oko, le innuendo yabangela namarhe malunga bayahlelwa nguzwilakhe akuphumelelanga. Kwakukho nabakhohlisi ophakamise kuye. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, leyo "uMikayeli" wakhankanya umbhali odumileyo Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Abanye babeqinisekile ukuba umthetheli ngokwenene wasinda waza Yayizimele phantsi igama Bishop Seraphim Pozdeyeva. Ukanti abanye baye babonisa ukuba kusindiswa, nimbonile nokumbona eyayiseKiev.

Nokuba ke, ngo-2009 uMikhail Romanov iye yesiqhelo ngokusemthethweni. Kwaye ke umbuzo wokuba ingaba ukuqwalasela kuye umlawuli yokugqibela Russian Michael II, lihlala nangoku impikiswano.