Izifo zekhaphetshu kunye kolawulo lwabo. Tips

Phantse wonke umntu ungabona emandlalweni okumnandi crispy ikhaphetshu ikhaphetshu. Noko ke, linda kuba isivuno aqokelele, imifuno ezinkulu okunempilo ukulawula iiyunithi kuphela. Kutheni kunjalo? Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu yokuba ikhaphetshu, ufana akukho sisityalo omnye ubethwa zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, oku kudla yahlaselwa izinambuzane. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba zekhaphetshu yokugula kunye nolawulo ukuze abanini isisifundo ngezihloko kakhulu.

Enye zifo zixhaphakileyo zekhaphetshu yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-rot emhlophe. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ukulima imifuno kuhlobo lomhlaba osisivunda. Usoloko ukubola emhlophe kuchaphazela amagqabi asezantsi khaphetshu kunye ingcambu nentamo. Amalaphu, yoyisa sifo, wolahlekelwa umbala obazalayo, babe alilayo zagutyungelwa amhlophe, umqhaphu-like mycelium. Futshane ekuweni uba mycelium ashinyeneyo ngakumbi yaye sclerotia similise umbala omnyama (ukuze babe semilo ezahlukeneyo). Ke kaloku, ixesha yokugcina isivuno kungaba esinye isifo - umngundo hina. Petioles olusezantsi amagqabi ikhaphetshu, nto leyo ehlaselwa botrytis, ezintofontofo isibetho wayifulela amachaphaza amancinci engwevu.

Izifo zekhaphetshu kunye nolawulo rhoqo zibandakanya kuphuhliso clubroot. Yenzeka phantsi ukufuma ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngomhla iingcambu yezityalo zizifo inokubonakalisa ezithile Yakhani-up, kungekudala iyabuna aze afe. Ukuze siphephe le meko, umhlaba phambi kokutyala izithole baphathwa kunye ukunqunyanyiswa wesalfure colloidal (0.4%, ezintlanu grams 1 macala onke. M nganye). izityalo abosulelwe kufanele ukuba ifane ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ikheswa kwaye zivutha.

iingxaki ezininzi ezibangela izifo ezifana blackleg, Singabhalwa bacteriosis mosaic ikhaphetshu peronosporosis kunye esingxotyeni yonakalise.

A umxholo eyahlukileyo - i khaphetshu izinambuzane nezifo, ezo zinxulunyaniswa umsebenzi kwezinambuzane. Le zekhaphetshu eqhelekileyo (kapustyanka abamhlophe), kunye ooqongqothwane intakumba cruciferous, kunye yeqakamba nolovane, kunye Repnev emhlophe butterfly, zentlako-hlaza nezasehlotyeni nekhaphetshu fly, klikha ooqongqothwane kunye wireworms, imifuno, isikhuzo, ebusika kunye ikhaphetshu moth, imigca ze. Kuba baninzi izinambuzane ikhaphetshu yinto uju olugqibeleleyo, ngenxa yokuba lo esinye isizathu sokuba esi sifo zekhaphetshu kunye zolawulo kwisihloko ebaluleke kangaka.

Kukho uluhlu amanyathelo othintelo ukuba kulondolozwe izityalo ukufumana isivuno esihle enempilo:

• iintsholongwane imbewu phambi kokuba kutyalwe: malunga 15-20 imizuzu, shushu emanzini ashushu (malunga 50 degrees) imizuzu 2-3 nkxu emanzini abandayo yaye yomile kancinane;
• esekhulile izithole kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaqondo obushushu akazange avuke ngentla degrees 18-20, kwaye umhlaba umanzi kakhulu;
• Zonke izigulane kufuneka ukulima ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ikheswa niwonakalise;
• agcine iasidi cala lomhlaba;
• ukuthobela crop: ikhaphetshu kwi ndawo enye emhlabeni ingatyalwa qho kwiminyaka 5-8;
• ukufunda izinambuzane nezifo zekhaphetshu kunye iifoto, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yokugxotha ngayo izinambuzane: kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo alinganayo ukuxuba icuba eluthulini kunye uthuthu afefe lo mxube lomhlaba ngeenxa zonke;
• ngaphambi kuhlwayelwe emhlabeni sifakwe kwiyeza nesisombululo kwiingcambu zezityalo ezivela zinambuzane (umz malathion), mullein nodongwe;
• ukugcinwa kwesityalo nalo negalelo ukuhlwayela kwangethuba kokwehla zekhaphetshu.

Izifo zekhaphetshu nolawulo abanini kubangela iingxaki ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukunamathela kwimigaqo imifino, ungathanda kakhulu niphambuke kubo.