Ixesha lexesha leZMZ-406: ukufakwa nokutshintshwa

Inkqubo yokuhambisa i-gas enye yezona zinto ziyinhloko nayiphi na injini. Iquka ukhenketho okanye ukuhanjiswa kwebhanti. Le ndlela yokugqibela ayinomsindo omncinci, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo elithembekileyo. Ikhonkco ayisoze yaphula. Kodwa emsebenzini ungenza izandi. Namhlanje siza kujonga indlela i-ZMZ-406 yokutshatyalaliswa kwexesha ishintshwa ngayo kwaye yintoni le nto.

Isici

Le nxalenye isiseko senjini. Ngombulelo kwinqanawa ukuba izigaba zebhanti lexesha leZMZ-406 lichanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo. Khumbula, oku kukungeniswa, ukunyanzeliswa, ukukhwabanisa nokukhishwa. Ukuze ungaguquli iiguve kwaye uqinisekise ukusebenza kakuhle, kusetyenziswe ikhenketho ekhethekileyo.

Nguye ohambisa umkhosi kwi-camshaft, evula kwaye ivale iinjini ze-injini ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo yexesha i-ZMZ-406 iqinisekisa ukunikezelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngexesha lombane otshabeneyo kunye nemveliso yabo emva kwesithintelo sesithathu (usebenzo lwe-stroke). Ngenxa yoko, sithola injini enamandla kunye nezoqoqosho.

Uphi na?

Utyando lwexesha le-ZMZ-406 lufumaneka kwipleyley yesikrankshaft. Ijikeleza ngexesha elifanayo xa injini isebenza. Kwakhona wasebenzisa i-alencers ekhethiweyo yexesha elingu-ZMZ-406. Banikezela ukuphazamiseka okufunekayo kwendlela.

Ukuba kungenakwenzeka, ukufakwa kwezigaba zexesha lexesha leZMZ-406 kuya kulungile. Ikhonkco iya kwandula okanye iqhekeke amazinyo ambalwa. Ngethuba lokusebenza kwendlela, umpompo wamanzi, i-hydraulic amplifier (ayikho yonke "i-gazelle") kunye ne-shaft ephakathi yomlambo wokutshaya. Ngalunye lwalezi zinto, i-ZMZ-406 yexesha lexeshana ixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo.

Ngeempazamo kunye nexesha

Iimpawu eziphambili zokuphazamiseka kukunciphisa amandla oonjini, uphawu lubaleka ngokukhathala nokutya ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kunye neqondo eliphantsi lokunciphisa. Akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kweekhilogram ezili-10 nganye ngecentimitha yesikwere. Kodwa akuyimfuneko ukuthenga isethi entsha yexesha leZMZ-406. Mhlawumbi, kuphela ukhonkco ophuma kwenzo. Ngendlela, usebenze ngokungahambi kakuhle ushicilela intsimbi. Iimpazamo ezinjalo zexesha le-ZMZ-406 zingabangelwa ngokungahambisani nokuhlala kwezihlalo zeepavini. Ngenxa yoko, i-carbon deposits yenziwe, imithombo yamagada ehluleka. Ukucaca phakathi kweengalo ze-rocker kunye ne-valve stem ayiqhelekanga. Ukuba injini ayinikezeli ngokwaneleyo ukuvulwa kwamagatya, oku kungabangela umonakalo kumhlawuli we-hydraulic. I-crankshaft kunye ne-camshaft gear nazo ziphelile. Ngenxa yoko, kuyimfuneko ukulungisa injini ye-ZMZ-406. Ixesha liyindlela enzulu. Ukuze uphephe ingxaki, kuyimfuneko ukubeka ingqalelo ukuxhatshazwa kweketyu kwaye ulawule isiliva. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe okungenani kanye emva kweeyure ezingamawaka ezingama-80. Ikhonkco, ngokungafani nebhanti - indlela enokuthenjwa. Ayibhizi kwaye ayicaphukisi i-bend ye-valve, kodwa iselula kuphela ngexesha lokusebenzisa ixesha elide. Umthombo wenkampani yokuthengiswa kwegesi i malunga neekhilomitha ezingamawaka amabini. Ibhanti ayidluli kumawaka angama-80. Kodwa ukuba unempawu zobunzima kwiikhilomitha ezili-150 (ngokubhekiselele kwintsimbi yokubethelwa kweketythi), unganqikazi ukuthatha indawo. Ngezantsi siza kuqwalasela indlela yokulungisa le nkqubo ngezandla zakho.

Zixhobo

Ukutshintshwa ngempumelelo ngexesha leZMZ-406, kufuneka silungiselele isethi yezixhobo. Sidinga isethi yeentloko kunye neekhiye ze-hex, isikrulo se-torque, isando kunye ne-chisel. Emva koko, qwalasela inyathelo-ngamanyathelo ekutshintshelweni kwexesha le-ZMZ-406.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Okokuqala, kufuneka silungiselele izitya zokucoca amanzi. Okokuqala sichitha i-antifreeze. Ku "GAZELILE" iqulethe kakhulu, malunga neetitha ezilishumi. Kuxutywa ngokukhupha iplagi phantsi kwe-radiator. Qaphela - okokuqala i-antifreeze iya kuqhutywa ngcinezelo olukhulu. Njengoko kuthululwa, kuya kuba ngaphantsi. Kunconywa ukuba usebenzise i-canister enamandla okanye ibhakethi. Kubalulekile ukuba isitya sicocekile. Ukuphuma kokungcono kwe-antifreeze, siyikhupha isiqhekeza kwisitanki sokwandisa.

Yintoni elandelayo?

Emva koko, sithatha ipronta yangaphambili kunye ne-radiator grille (ukuba le "yoshishini" elikhuphayo, lugqithise iminyango yalo phakathi kunye nakwicala ngalinye). Emva koko, susa zonke iintambo kunye neentsontsho ezondliwa kwi-radiator. Zichitha indawo yokugqibela. Ukuba isithuthi sakho sixhotyiswe nge-booster hydraulic, kufuneka ususe ibhanti yokuqhuba i-GUR.

Kwakhona sithatha ibhanti yejeneretha kunye nepompo, emva kokukhulula ukuxhatshazwa. Ngoku, susa ikhava yecilinder. Zonke iibhotshi kufuneka zifakwe kwibhokisi eyahlukileyo okanye kwi-niche. Oku akuchaphazeli ukulungiswa nangayiphi na indlela, kodwa kuya kuqhuba ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yokwakha. Akumele ukhangele apho i-bolt ekhoyo okanye i-nut ilala khona, njengokuba kunjalo njalo. Ngokuqhubekayo sitshintsha umboniso we-viskomuftu ngesiqhekeza ngokwawo.

Kunconywa ukuba ufake i-valves cover kwindawo ecocekileyo neleyo. Ukuba khona kothuli kumxhamli walo ongathandekanga. Emva koko, umpompo kunye nenzwa yokujikeleza i-crankshaft isuswe (ungakulibali ukuyibeka endaweni, mhlawumbi awuyi kuqali injini). Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, i-pulley yesikrankshaft kunye ne-pan yeoli iyanqatyulwa. Emva koko ungagxininisa i-bolts ezimbini zokuqhawula umgcini wechungechunge. Into yokugqibela iya ngaphandle. Ingqikithi, kwi-406th kunye ne-405th motor, ezi zimbini ze-hydraulic drawers ziphezulu kwaye ziphantsi. Sidinga ukufumana iindlela zombini. Umgca uhlelwa ngumgaqo ofanayo. Emva koko, kufuneka sisuse isicangca somgca. Iqhotyoshelwe kwiibhola ezisixhenxe. Qaphela - ungonakalisa isanti yomgcini we-crankshaft kunye ne- header gasket. Siphonsa i-bolt ye-top наяя дителя kwaye sisusa i-lever nge-asterisk. Ukuqhubela phambili sasiyichitha i-plastic silencer ye-timing chain ZMZ-406. Siphonsa ama-bolts axhoma iimpahla kwi-camshaft flange (kukho ezimbini zazo kule moto). Emva koko sidinga esinye isixhobo. Ukususa i-gear ephantsi, kuyimfuneko ukufakela i-screwdriver (iyakubamba iqonga) phakathi kwayo kunye neyesibini.

Gqiba ukuphela kwesitya sekloko, kwaye, ngelixa uphethe i-shaft ephakathi, faka ithuluzi lethu. Sithatha iigesi kunye nenxalenye engezantsi yechungechunge kwi-crankshaft. Ukuba kukho ubunzima bokuqhawuka, kufuneka ususe uphawu lweerubha phakathi kwegesi kunye ne-bushing. Into yokugqibela iphinda ihluthwe. Ijeyari yesibini icindezelwe usebenzisa i-puller.

Emva kokuba ikhonkco isuswe

Ngoko ke, siphumelela into. Ikhonkco kufuneka ihlanjululwe ngokupheleleyo kwi-petroli kwaye ihlambulule ukungcola. Hlola imeko yangaphandle. Emva kweekhilomitha ezili-150 okanye ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha, isetyelwe kwi-1-2 cm. Oku kwanele ukukhupha i-gas engafanelekanga. Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokugqoka kwii-hubs zendlela, ukucoca kunye nokuqhawula, umbane awukwazi ukuqhutyelwa phambili. Ukuba iigesi zenziwe, zitshintshela ezitsha. Hlola imeko yexinzelelo. Ukuba unobungozi, buyisela indawo yento entsha. Khangela ukuchaneka kwee-sprockets. Bamele bajikeleze ngokukhululekile kwi-axis yabo. Ukucoca nokukhupha kwindawo yokusebenza akufaneleki.

I-Assembly Assembly

Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuseka ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokuvala i-valve. Ukwenza oku, pheqa i-crankshaft de kube uphawu lokuqala luhambelana neyesibini kwi-block block. I-piston ye-cylinder yokuqala kufuneka ibe kwisikhundla esiphambili seziko elifileyo. Emva koko, faka i-stabilizer. Musa ukugxotha i-bolts. Lubricate ikhenkethi elingaphantsi ngeoli ye-injini uze uyibeke kwijelo eliqhutywayo kunye ne-crankshaft. Isetyenziso esiphezulu sokuba ipini ingena emgodini we-shaft ephakathi. Umatshini kumatshini kufuneka uqhathanise enye kwi-block block. Ngexesha elifanayo, inxalenye yechungechunge elidlulayo kwi-soot isolulwe. Sitshintshela ukulungiswa kweebhanti zamagare evili. I-plate yokukhiya ifakwe phantsi kwayo.

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-torque wrench. Ukugqithisa isibini sisuka ku-22 ukuya kuma-25 uNm. Xa i-bolt ixininiswe ngomzuzu ofanelekileyo, eli qhosha liqala ukucofa-ukuya kwinto yesibili. Musa ukulibala ukutshixa zombini iibhotshi ngepenki yokukhiya. Amaphethelo ayo aphethwe ngesando kunye ne-chisel. Emva koko nqakraza kwi-lever driver kwaye ukhangele ukuba ngaba amanqaku kwi-block ye-cylinder kunye nevili legiya ahambelana. Siqinisa iibhotshi ze-silencer kwaye i-lubricate chain chain. Siyifake kwi-gear gear gear. Skrolela i-camshaft kwinqanaba. Sibeka ikhonkco kwijelo lesibini. I-pinshaft pin kufuneka ingene kwindawo yayo.

Iimali zokuhlawula kunye neelagi

Ukusebenzisa ukhiye weskrini, prolela i-camshaft ngokukhawuleza kweeyclock. Qinisekisa ixesha lokuhamba. I-crankshaft kunye ne-shaft ephakathi akufanele ijikeleze. Iileyibhile ziya kuhambelana nomphezulu ophezulu kwintloko yentsimbi. Ukusuka kwi-camshaft ye-exhaust, susa i gear uze ufake ifowuni kuso. Emva koko uyibuyisele, ujikeleze ngokukhawuleza i-shaft. Izikhonkwane kufuneka zingene kwindawo yangasese. Yitshintsha i-shaft ngokukhenkcela kwinqanawa, ukudonsa i-chain chain. Emva koko, i-cover kunye nepompo zifakwe. Phezulu kwiphepha, sebenzisa umgca omncinci we-sealant. Xa ufaka, musa ukulimaza phambi kwecwecwe lomgcini we-crankshaft. Emva koko, iimboli ezimbini ze-hydraulic kunye ne-pulley yesikrankshaft ziphakanyisiwe. Kulo mva kuyimfuneko ukugcina i-torque yokuqinisa-ukusuka kwi-104 ukuya kwi-129 Nm.

Ngaloo nto kuyimfuneko ukuquka ukutshintshwa kwe-5 kunye nokuqhekeza. Gcina i-crankshaft ukuze ingatshintshi. Emva koko i-ratchet iqiniswe. Olu lugqiba lujikelezwa ngamacala amabini. I-crankshaft isetyenziswe kwisikhundla seziko elifileyo eliphezulu (malunga ne-cylinder yokuqala). Emva koko faka ikhava yesikhombi. Kukho kuyimfuneko ukubeka umgca we-sealant ukuze ugweme ukuvuza kweoli. Isikhuselo siqiniswe kwisibini malunga ne-12 Nm. Emva koko kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa umbhobho wegatsha lokungena umoya wegreencase gases kumanyano kwisikhumba sevaji. Sidibanisa iifowuni kwiinkompe zokutshaya kwaye zibeka iziphelo kwikhandlela. Gcwalisa i-antifreeze, faka i-radiator endaweni kwaye uqale injini. Ukuba yonke into eyenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, izandi izandilahleka, kwaye amandla enjini aya kubuya ejwayelekile. Le yinkqubo yokulungiswa kwendlela yokuhambisa igesi igqityiwe. Ixesha elifanelekileyo likaZMZ-406 linye lilolu hlobo. Ukuqhubela ibhanti, abaninzi beenqwelo zeenqwelo-moya banokungathembeki. Ukuqhuba umzila ngezinye iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo. Kodwa uqeqesho lubonisa ukuba unyaka wonke ulahlekelwa ukuthandwa, ngokukodwa kubavelisi bangaphandle.

Ingxaki zo kufaka

Kuye kubekho imeko xa ukulungiswa kwale ndlela kwonakalisa intloko ye-unit. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukunqumla i-asethi yayo kunye neelayi yomabhalane kwaye isebenzise uphawu. Kwakhona, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uphathwe nazo zonke izicwangciso zokuvalwa. Ixesha lokumisa le-sealant li-24 iiyure.

Isiphelo

Ngoko, safumanisa ukuba yintoni indlela yokusabalalisa igesi kwi "GAZelevsky" 406th motor. Njengoko uyakubona, ukutshintshwa kwekhenkethi akudingi ukuba khona kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo. Kodwa ngexesha lithatha yonke imini. Ngoko ke, kuyafaneleka ukucwangcisa ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwangaphambili. Kwi-SRT, le nkonzo ithatha malunga neeyure ezingama-5. Iindleko zalo zii-ruble eziyiwaka ezintandathu. Isistim esifanayo seendlela zokuhambisa i-gas iindleko malunga namawaka amahlanu. Iquka iinketyana (ezincinci kunye ezinkulu), i-hydraulics, i-stalipers kunye ne-sprocket ze-camshafts.