Ityala of Ukraine: zentshukumo, ngemali, iintlawulo zemali-mboleko

etyala karhulumente - iseti yezibophelelo ityala eli lizwe ukuba imibutho, abantu kunye neminye amazwe, imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe ezijongene kunikezelo mboleko kunye noncedo-mali. Ityala loluntu Ukraine iqulathe amacandelo ezininzi:

• mboleko ukuba urhulumente kazwelonke;
• mboleko koogunyaziwe benqila beengingqi;
• Mboleko ndawonye amaqela kunye utyalo-mali karhulumente.

Kwimeko yokugqibela, eli lizwe ukuba ahlawule imali siwenze nge pesenti wayo ezinkulu kwiQumrhu.

Iindlela zamatyala

mboleko urhulumente Outstanding ngohlobo kweentlobo ezimbini:

1. mboleko yangaphandle kweli lizwe. Oku kuquka zonke iimali waboleka ukuba ibolekwe ithi amazwe okanye amaziko emali ngamazwe. Ezi mboleko zibandakanyiwe kwi gross ityala kwangaphandle Ukraine.
2. credit Domestic kweli lizwe. Kule fomu kwetyala ziquka imali abolekwe abanini izibambiso, lwestokhwe okanye amanye amatyala.

Ityala Lilonke of Ukraine kwasekwa ngenxa ezinkulu mboleko zemali, izivumelwano neemvumelwano kunikezelo ngetyala kunye mboleko. Kwakhona iquka iimali-mboleko yakudala, leyo urhulumente wacela ukuba kulibaziseka. Apha sithetha ngezinto ezifana ukwandiswa kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa yetyala lika Ukraine. Uhlenga - oku ukuzanelisa ukuba unetyala, esetyenziswa umnyinyiva. Ezo majeure kungenzeka ibe ukuphelelwa yobume bemali yomboleki ngokunxulumene lizwe - emiselweyo.

Dynamics 2016

Ukususela ngo-2012, amatyala Ukraine liye landa nge $ 26 billion. Kulo nyaka umiyo urhulumente ekuvunyelwene ne IMF ukuba ngokwezavenge ezimbalwa ngetyala.

Yangoku nkqubo weemali urhulumente akubandakanyi nje okuhlawula amatyala ezelwe, njengoko ithuba lokuthatha ezintsha. Injongo ekubeni Imali mboleko amakhulu. Oko kukuthi, ngo-2016 i-Government of Ukraine ukuze ifumane kuphela iikhredithi ezingama-10 billion zeerandi, uze uhlawule ityala enye enesiqingatha billion kuphela kunye.

Owayesakuba iNkulumbuso of Ukraine Arseniy Yatsenyuk yathi ngexesha lolawulo lwakhe urhulumente uye wafunda ukuba i "ekunene" ukunciphisa inani mboleko kunye namatyala. Esi sigqibo senziwe ngenxa ukusayinwa ngokutsha ngemvumelwano. Inkoliso nababolekisi abaye le usebenziswano kwaye ngokuyinxenye acinyiweyo amatyala ka Ukraine. Oku kwakhokelela ekubeni isixa-mboleko lehlile ukusuka 73 ukuya 66 ezigidi zeerandi. Ukuba bayahlule imali-mboleko ukuze lonke uluntu, i akhawunti yomfundi ngamnye malunga ezimbini ezinesiqingatha amawaka eerandi.

Kodwa phambi iinkalo ezithile ezintle kwamatyala Ukraine iselelona ikhula. Ngoko ke, ngo-2014 ngenxa uphelelo lwemali kazwelonke ityala likarhulumente linyuke nge malunga hryvnia ezigidi.

"Credit Yanukovych"

Omnye mboleko, ezo asichukunyiswa ngokutsha - kuba luxanduva Ukraine eRashiya. Wahlala okufanayo yaye kuthetha ukuba $ 3 billion. Kwaye oku nje isihlanu mali licele uViktor Yanukovych kude 2013. isixa semali ekuvunyelwene ekuqaleni yaba billion 15 zeerandi.

Akuba ebuyile, ebamkele ukwala Russian Federation ukuya kwisicelo ukubhala inxalenye yetyala, urhulumente imemezele ukumiswa izenzo zabo ukuba ukuhlawula imali-mboleko kwi likaxakeka. Oko kukuthi, urhulumente imemezele ngokusemthethweni ukuhlawula amatyala alo zemali.

Ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2016 i-Russian Federation udize iinjongo zakhe ukuze amangalele. Kodwa nangona umbolekisi kunye namanyathelo ezinkulu kakhulu ukubuyisela imali wayethatyathwe, iKhabhinethi wathi kwisivumelwano linokufikeleleka ngaphandle ukumangalelana. Ngoku kukho ingxoxo ngalo mbandela kumanqanaba ngamanqanaba, kodwa ityala Ukraine ngayo eRashiya ahlale engahlawulwanga.

Ababoleka kunye ababolekisi

Inxalenye ityala likarhulumente phezulu iibhondi eziye zithengwe ziinkampani "Oschadbank", "Ukravtodor", "Southern", "Iziporo Ukrainian." Ngokubanzi, isixa kwezi Eurobonds yi-16 ezigidi zeerandi.

ababolekisi zelizwe ikakhulu amaziko ezemali amazwe ngamazwe afana neBhanki yeHlabathi, i-International Monetary Fund, i-European Union, i-European Bank. Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, urhulumente Ukrainian ivumile inkqubo yeminyaka emine, eli edulusele kwinto yokuba i-IMF uya kuthumela ngokwezavenge wekhredithi kutshintshiselwano ngenxa kutshintsho ethile kwezoqoqosho.

iintlawulo

e iingcali ngelizwi elinye entsimini karhulumente economics ukuba inani elikhulu mboleko ukuba inkonzo nzima kakhulu. Kule meko yangoku awukwazi ukubakhona imeko ngaphandle ukuboleka.

Ukuze amanyathelo alawule inkqubo credit uphuhliso loqoqosho, etsala utyalo amazwe.

Inqanaba ebalulekileyo umsebenzi-60% ye-GDP. Kwaye lo umda kudala kudlule ngurhulumente. Zonke iintshukumo urhulumente kulo nyaka umiyo ziya kusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityala Ukraine uye waba ezincinane njengepesenteji isalathi ezibalulekileyo.