Labantu kwezoqoqosho

I esebenzayo kwezoqoqosho labemi zimelwe ngabemi abenza umsebenzi wabo imveliso ixesha elithile. Ngokutsho indlela UN kolu didi ziquka oosomashishini, abasebenzi kunye nabantu abangekho ngaphakathi umsebenzi elichaziweyo ixesha kodwa niyavuma ukukwamkela oko. Ngamanye amazwi, kuquka abantu abaqeshiweyo nabangasebenziyo kolu didi bebonke.

Ingqesho iquka imisebenzi yabantu ukuhlangabezana uluntu kunye neemfuno zabo, yeyiphi ukuziphikisa umthetho yangoku uze ikakhulu ingeniso yabasebenzi.

Sabantu abasebenzayo ngokwemiqathango abantu abaqeshwe luquka abadala abaminyaka ili-16 nokuba ngesondo, nto leyo kwesi sithuba senzelwa le ngxelo:

- ezisetyenziweyo ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye-ixesha kokufumana intlawulo ethile;

- bebengekho emsebenzini ngenxa yokugula, njengekhefu, iiholide, njalo- njalo.;

- ukwenza umsebenzi ezingahlawulwanga kumashishini entsapho.

Kwimigangatho emininzi yamazwe ngamazwe malunga ingqiqo ka "sabantu abasebenzayo" anokufunyanwa ngokwahlulwa ilandelayo gama:

- idla esebenzayo labemi - lusetyenziswa elide kwithuba lexesha (ngaphezu konyaka omnye);

- esebenzayo yabafund yangoku kwisithuba - lusetyenziswa elifutshane kwithuba lexesha (ngeveki okanye ngosuku).

Ngokoqoqosho labemi engasebenziyo zimelwe njengabemi kwiminyaka ethile, azifakwanga nasiphi na isizathu na ukusebenza, bemelwe yi-ayasebenza kunye abangasebenziyo. Olu hlobo kungabandakanya ezifana zigaba:

- kabini, abafundi, abafundi (imfundo yexesha elizeleyo), olu didi ikwaquka abafundi iziqu, besidanga semastazi okanye sobugqirha, kwakhona kwi uqeqesho zokubhala;

- bafumana imali ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo;

- labantu nokukhubazeka pension nayiphi na maqela;

- abantu abo bangekhoyo emsebenzini ukuze banyamekele abagulayo izalamane okanye abantwana;

- abantu abangakwaziyo zisebenza ngexesha elinye yodwa ingaxhomekeki mthombo womvuzo.

Phakathi Iimbangi ezingundoqo ngqesho zabiwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- ukudilizwa okanye ukutshona yentlangano ;

- Ekupheleni kwethuba ka ngamaxesha yomsebenzi okanye lesivumelwano;

- ukugxothwa iminikelo yabo;

- yobudala babo umhlala-phantsi ;

- Ezinye izizathu zobuqu.

Sabantu abasebenzayo kwezoqoqosho ukuze bezele zizinto kukho inani labantu ezidweliswe ngasentla, njengoko abafundi sesifundo ngokupheleleyo, abantwana bakhule kwi ekhaya kunye nabantu abangafuniyo ukusebenza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kodwa kukho imfuneko yoko.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ulwazi ubonakalise amandla okusebenza, inkcazelo malunga labemi engasebenziyo kwezoqoqosho, ekubeni utshintsho zabemi esebenzayo ukuya isininzi luyeke ukusebenza uze vice, siyahamba rhoqo.

Isigama esifanelekileyo elithi "sabantu abasebenzayo" ifumana ukusetyenziswa kwayo ixesha elide. ERashiya, kule kota ayikwazanga kufumaneka kuphela ezincwadini zesayensi. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa isicelo kolu luvo yaqala kunye nokutshintshwa Russian Committee State Federation on Izibalo nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (1992). Kweli xesha zithe zabanjwa rhoqo iimvavanyo isampula yabantu kwi yengqesho. Kwangaxeshanye, oko yaqala nencwadi ehlanganiswe ezisemthethweni ichonge inani eliphunguliweyo lweendidi zabemi.

Sabantu abasebenzayo of Russia ngoJuni 2012 yaba ku 76.4 yezigidi. Abantu, njengoko kuboniswa manani ebegqwese ukwanda. . Kubafundi abangama-72,7 yezigidi zabantu okanye 94.5% abaqeshwe, kwaye ezinye - bengaphangeli. Xa kuthelekiswa, inani okwandileyo (0.2%) of the abaqeshiweyo labantu ukususela ngoMeyi kulo nyaka, kodwa ngaphezu (1.3%) iye yenyuka ngelixa inani abangasebenziyo.