Isikhumbuzo seSukhum: inkcazelo, indawo, iindiza kunye nokuhlolwa

Phakathi nekhulu lokugqibela, u-Abkhazia wayebhekwa njengendawo efanelekileyo yokuzilibazisa, apho yonke into eyayinomphefumlo womntu waseSoviet eyayifisa. Kwaye, ngokwenene, bekunokwenzeka ukuphonsa emanzini olwandle olumnene, ukunyuka kweentaba kwaye ubone amachibi, adumile kulo lonke ihlabathi ngobuhle bawo obuguqukayo, kunye nokuthintela imbali yeli lizwe elidala, apho kukho amaninzi amanxuwa eendonga kunye neenqaba.

Emva kokuwa kwe-USSR, konke oku kuzuko akuzange kuvuselele umdla wabalingisi, kwaye nje nje ukhenketho e-Abkhazia kuqale ukukhula ngokukhawuleza.

Iziko e-Abkhazia

IRiphablikhi yase-Abkhazia ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngeenkonzo zokuqala ezikhatshwa kwishishini lezokhenketho eYurophu nakwi-Asiya, kodwa unako ukuphumla apha ngentuthuzelo. Abahambi abacebileyo bakhethe ihotele ezibizayo kunye nezindlu zokuhlala, kunye nabakhenkethi beebhajethi bafumaneka kwicandelo labucala ngenxa yexabiso elincinci.

Kunokwenzeka ukuphumla e-Abkhazia phantse kuzo zonke iikona zelizwe. Naphi na apho abatyeleli baza kufumana izikhumbuzo zembali kunye namabhendi amaninzi. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo bethu basekhaya badluliselwa ePitsunda, Gagra, eNew Athos kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwikomkhulu ye-republic yaseSoviet - isixeko saseSukhum.

I-Abkhazia: i-moya ye-moya

Wonke umntu okhetha ukuthuthwa komoya ukuya kumaphupha okuthutha umhlaba wokubhabha kwi-Abkhazia. Kodwa ukhetho lwabakhenkethi alukho olukhulu - kwiindiza zamanye amazwe ngaphandle kwesikhumulo sezindiza esisodwa.

Inendawo efanelekileyo kakhulu - iikhilomitha ezilishumi elinesibhozo ukusuka kwisixeko sendawo. Idolophana elisondeleyo yidolophana yaseBabushary. Ngendlela, eli ligama kwaye lifake isikhumulo sezindiza eSukhum kude kube ngo-2010. Umzila walo unokwamkela nayiphi na inqwelo yomntu, kodwa okwangoku umgibeli wendlela ungasentla ngaphezu kwayo. Kwiminyaka yokugqibela, abagibeli abayizinkulungwane amahlanu bayamkelwa imihla ngemihla, kodwa ngeli xesha nomlinganiselo wesigqibo sangaphambili uza kuba ngummangaliso kubantu base-Abkhazia.

Emva kokuphinda kwakhiwe kabusha, umgwaqo unokude ubude beekhilomitha ezine. Oku kuninzi eSochi. Ukongezelela, umgangatho wayo uhlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Abakhi baseRussia benza ukuba kube lula kwaye bafanele ukufika ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhutshwa kweenqwelo ezininzi.

Yonke imbali yelizwe ngumzekelo wesikhumulo sezindiza

I-Babushara Air Terminal yakhiwa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yokugqibela. Ngeli xesha, inani labakhenkethi abanqwenela ukuya e-Abkhazia, bagqithise iinqwelo - moya zaseSochi kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezikufutshane. Ngako oko, ukwakhiwa kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kwakungenxa yeenzuzo zezoqoqosho kunye nokufuneka.

Imfazwe yempi phakathi kwe-Abkhazia neGeorgia ngo-1993 yamisa ukuhamba kwezotyeleli kweli lizwe kwaye yabonakalisa kakhulu isakhiwo esizimele. Umkhosi wasetyenziselwa iinqanawa zomkhosi ukuthutha ababaleki kunye nezixhobo kwi-republic republic. Ukutyikitywa kwesivumelwano sokuthula akuzange kubuyisele abavakhenkethi kwi-Abkhazia, ngoko ke i-moya ye-moya yaseSukhum yayisetyenziselwa ukuhamba ngeenqwelo zokuhamba kunye nokunxibelelana namazwe ase-CIS.

Ngo-2010 isiqithi-moya saqanjwa ngokuthi sihloniphe umongameli wokuqala we-Abkhazia V.G. Ardzinba, unyaka kamva, kunye neenkampani zaseRashiya, amagunya eRiphabliki aqala ukuvuselelwa ngokubanzi kwendawo yonxweme. Iindleko zeprojekthi ziqikelelwa kwiibhiliyoni ezimbalwa zeedola. Ngokuvumelana kwesivumelwano kunye neRashiya, ininzi yeendleko zilawulwa lizwe lethu. I-Abkhazia kufuneka inikeze iinkonzo zesikhululo-moya kwaye kusetyenziswe izixhumanisi zomoya kunye namagunya amakhulu ehlabathi.

Abkhazia: i-moya ye-moya ye-Sukhum namhlanje

Amaphupha okuseka ukuxhumana komoya kunye ne-Abkhazia ayengenakwenzeka. Ngelishwa, uluntu lwehlabathi alufuni ukuthatha icala leRiphablikhi kwimpikiswano ngokuzimela kwi- Georgia. Isiqithi-moya asikaze sithole isimo sehlabathi, kwaye zonke iindiza zezemoto ziyavalwa. Ubude beengxabano phakathi kweeriphablikhi sele sele kudlule iminyaka elishumi. Okwangoku akukho nkqubela eyenziwa ekusombululeni ingxabano.

I-Sukhum isiqithi-moya, ngelishwa, awuyi kufumana ishedyuli yendiza. Kwakhona ngoku akunakwenzeka ukucacisa intengo ye-airflight esuka eRashiya ukuya kwi-Abkhazia. Ekupheleni konyaka we-2016, imeko ayitshintshanga - isibhakabhaka ngaphezulu kwelizwe sisalugcinwa. Isakhiwo ngokwaso sijongekile, ama-terminals asebenzi.

Kwiminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi, iinqwelo zomhlaba azizange zihanjiswe eSukhum - isikhumulo sezindiza, zonke iindiza eziye zakhanselwa. I-exception i-liners ekhethekileyo yamagosa okuqala karhulumente kunye nemibutho yoluntu, njenge-UN. Ukungaqiniseki kukukhathazeka kakhulu ngabakhenkethi baseRussia abamele bafike kwi-Abkhazia kungeyona ndlela elula kwaye ekhawulezayo.

Indlela yokufikelela eSukhum esuka eRashiya?

Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuba kwiindawo zamabhendi aseSukhumi kukuxhunyaniswa koomzila phakathi kweRashiya kunye ne-Abkhazia. Abakhenkethi abaninzi basebenzisa olu hlobo lothutho. Ukusuka eMoscow, uhambo olunjalo luya kuthatha ixesha elingaphezu kweentsuku, izitimela zihamba rhoqo. Ngexesha leeholide ungashiya naluphi na usuku lweveki, kwezinye iinyanga umyalezo uziswa ngawo wonke umhla.

Abo abafuni ukuchitha usuku endleleni eya eSukhumi bangasebenzisa uhambo lwendiza ku-Sochi. Sekude ukusuka ngaphesheya komda, abatyelelo bathunyelwa ku-Abkhazia. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amaRashiya ayidingi i-visa ukutyelela ilizwe. Oku kulula kakhulu uhambo olude lude lude.

Sochi - ukuqala kwendlela eya kwi-Abkhazia

Bonke abahlali baseSochi bayazi ukuba kwixesha leeholide le myalezo kwisithuthi se-sochi-Sukhum enye yezona ziqheno. Abakhenkethi kufuneka bafike kumlambo wasePraou, apho kulawulwa khona amasiko. Abahambi abanolwazi bathi umda owela nge-Abkhazia awuthathi ngaphaya kwe-15 ukuya kwemizuzu engamashumi amabini.

Kulawulo akudingeki nokuba ipasipoti, njengoko iRashiya yesiqhelo ihlolwe kuphela ukusuka kwicala lethu. Amagosa amasiko ase-Abkhazian agxininiswe ngolu xwebhu ngokukhawuleza kwaye anqumla amaRashiya imizuzwana embalwa.

Indlela eya eShumi: iindlela ezikhethiweyo

Kwizithuthi zeRashiya zokuhanjiswa kweenqwelomoya i-sochi-Sukhum ingaba yinto enqwenelekayo kunakho konke. Kodwa, ngelanga, yonke into ayilula. Ukuya kumda kunye ne-Abkhazia akuyi kuba msinya kwaye ukhululekile. Indlela elula yokufikelela kuMlambo wePuou ngeteksi, kodwa ishedyuli yayo ayibonakaliswa kwisikhululo-moya nakwiyiphi na indawo. Ukongeza, kwixesha eliphumayo, abakhenkethi abayi kuba nako ukuxhamla inkonzo enjalo, kuba iibhasi zihamba nje.

Uninzi lweendwendwe zivela kwisikhululo se-sikhululo ukuya kwisikhululo sesitimela ngebhasi, iteksi okanye isitimela sombane. Ngokuqhelekileyo indlela ayithathi imizuzu engaphezu kwelishumi. Kwisikhululo, abakhenkethi badluliselwa kwibhasi ye-shuttle ukuya kumda, kuya kuthatha malunga nesiqingatha seyure. Kwinqanaba le-Abkhaz, ngokuthe ngqo kulawulo lwemiqathango, kukho isikhululo sebhasi. Ukusuka apha unako ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza nakwiyiphi na idolophu yeRiphabhliki ngeTeksi yendlela.

Abaninzi abakhenkethi bakhetha ukuhamba e-Abkhazia kwimoto yabo, kodwa oku kuluhlu olukhethekileyo kwaye lulula. Imigudu kwimimandla yeRiphabliki ayilungiswanga ixesha elide, ngoko ungalindeli malunga nokukhululeka nokunyakaza ngokukhawuleza. Indlela entsha kunazo zonke kwilizwe likhokelwa nguPhuou-Sukhum, kodwa kwi-capital capital ngokwayo imeko yendlela engaphezulu.

Buyela ekhaya

Ukubona bonke ubuhle be- Abkhazia kwiintsuku ezimbalwa akunakwenzeka, nangona abaninzi banenkxalabo yokubuyela ekhaya. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo abo bangakhathazeki ngombuzo wendlela yokufikelela kwisikhululo se-Sochi, uSukhum akwanele. Abo bahambayo banokuhamba ukusuka kwi-dolophu ukuya kwezinye iidolophini zendawo kunye neengcinga zabo malunga ne-Abkhazia yanamhlanje.

Ukuhamba ngecala elichaseneyo alikho naziphi na iingxaki ezizodwa kubakhenkethi, kodwa abatyeleli abanomdla bacebisa ukubala ixesha kunye nomda omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo ukuba iibhasi eziya kumda neRashiya ziseshedyuli, ngezinye iindawo zithatha iiyure eziliqela. Abaqhubi bavame ukuyeka nganye kwiimoto baze baqokelele bonke abagibeli ukuba bafumane imali engakumbi kwi-flight. Yile nyaniso kunye nomgangatho weendlela ze-Abkhazian ezandisa kakhulu ixesha endleleni eya kuMlambo we-Psou.

Abakhenkethi abaninzi baseRashiya baphupha ukuvakashela iAbkhazia baze babone ngamehlo abo bonke ubuhle belizwe elihle. Kodwa, ngelishwa, ukuhamba kunye nomzila omde bajika abaRashiya bahambe kulolu hambo. Ngokuvula i-moya ye-moya ye-moya ye-moya ye-Akhaksi ingenza lula kakhulu indlela eya ku-Abkhazia kwaye ivulekele ngokukhenketho kuzo zonke ihlabathi.