Ingeniso ye kukho / kukho ngolwimi IsiNgesi: imithetho yokusebenzisa

Ingeniso 'kuba' / 'kukho / kukho', ... / (* apha kule mizekelo esi shunqulelo - "Daripada") ngokwemigaqo yegrama kukho ukutenxa kumgaqo. Noko ke, njengoko kunye nezinye iinguqulelo ezininzi ngolwimi IsiNgesi, oko rhoqo asetyenziswe intetho. Oku kusengenziwa kusetyenziselwa ngomlomo nangokubhaliweyo, xa udibana, kunye nonxibelelwano ezisemthethweni.

Ukusetyenziswa kwale turnover lu dityanisiwe inani lwesemantiki kunye iimpazamo zegrama, ezifana lwesemantiki: ekuzichongeleni kwesivakalisi esithi 'ukuba ...', okanye isihlomelo / apho /; ngokwegrama: sebenzisa iintlobo ezingachanekanga yesenzi 'kuba', esongeza isivisa isenzi ukuncoma, njl

Vs. 'Kukho / kukhona'

Yintoni umahluko phakathi urhwebo 'kukho / kukho' kwi isihlomelo 'khona'?

kuba 'Kukho' isoloko kwindawo ahlala isihlomelo, ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, "Uphi?",, Umzekelo "Uphi?":

Ingaba ukhululekile apho? / Ingaba ukhululekile apho?

Le ncwadi kukho phezu kwetafile / incwadi apho phezu kwetafile.

Kulo mzekelo, kuba ngendlela kwisemantiki, kuba ibonakalisa "ngamayelenqe" iingxelo eziphambili.

Noko ke, njengoko 'kukho' abanokusebenza njengesifundo isalamane hayi njengento ibonisa indawo. Oku kuthetha ukuba uba kwisimelabizo ngegama uthatha inxaxheba kwisifundo, ngelixa lo mbandela kwi intsingiselo isivisa xa besitya. Intsingiselo lunokuxhomekeka, ngaphandle kwefuthe igrama kunye ingqiqo ukubeka endaweni 'Daripada'. Inye kuphela - oko luzakulahla olunye thunzi intsingiselo. Le ingeniso isimelabizo 'Daripada' ayikho phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye libizwe ngokungathi ekumisweni.

Ngenxa yoko, / Daripada yi / Daripada na / isetyenziswa ukuze kubonelelwe ngolwazi olutsha ukunikela ingqalelo kuwo.

Vs.'it is '

Yintoni umahluko phakathi urhwebo 'kukho / kukho' isimelabizo olusesikweni 'kuba' kwisivakalisi esithi 'kuba'? Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka siqwalasele ngokufutshane isihloko kunye amaqhuma. Theme - inxalenye ngasemva, ayiboneleli ngolwazi esisiseko; KaRemaliya - ke igama (ibinzana), nto leyo lidlala indima, apho kugxininiswa. 'Yinto' - yiyo ummeli wasentsomini ongekhoyo zihluzwe okanye ezikhoyo kwindawo ethile ngokwemeko, kunye remoy nantsi into eyenzekayo kuye, nokuba yintoni imeko kunjalo, oko yayingako imiqondiso anako. Nangona 'Daripada' - i 'ingqalelo' ukuba oko semantically (ngokwengqiqo) ngokokulingana ngumphelelisi isivisa, kwaye remoy idla umntu okanye into ethile. Oko kukuthi, qwalaselo ibekwe khona, ubukho, mhlawumbi inani.

Ayisetyenziswa kunye oluqhubekayo, izimelabizo zoqobo ngumphelelisi kwaye kwisixando sokwenziwa (Umsi V.)

Enyanisweni, i-revolution 'kukho / kukho' ngolwimi IsiNgesi kukho ezibeka 'smth umntu', 'abaninzi', apho 'kuba' isenzi livela intsingiselo yalo lwesemantiki - "kwenzeka", "kuba", "ukuba" "phambi", "kuba", "indawo". Kungenxa yoko le nto isetyenziswa ngamaqela uyakha umba Rhoqo (ngokulandelelanayo, yaye Ogqibeleleyo Continuous), kunye isibambiso kwisixando sokwenziwa. Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo oko samkelwe ukusebenzisa phantsi kwezimelabizo - bekuya ndamgocagoca kufana / Daripada na / mna /, / Daripada abathi / ukuba sele / kwakunye kakuhle, ngoko ke ayibeki naluphi na ulwazi ngokwesiseko ezintsha, kunye nokufana lwesemantiki imbono ingamampunge.

turnover ovame 'kukho / zikhona'

Kulo kulandela ukuba isakhiwo ingasetyenziswa:

- izibizo ngamazwi kwayo;

- amanani;

- izimelabizo Nanini.

Le mibutho ilandelayo (kuphela ilizwi esebenzayo):

- lonke kane;

- in ube ungazi kunye nemiba ngaphezulu.

isifundo Relative 'Kukhona' zingasetyenziswa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha-ntathu. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ixesha kudla kuthiwa ingeniso 'kukho kukho /'. Scheme ukuba zokwakha nazo zonke izakhiwo na ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umnikelo evulekileyo 'Kukhona' isimelabizo. Wamfaka isenzi wangasese 'kuba' kwesinye iintlobo zayo, ngokuxhomekeke le meko; ngokuba isenzi ongumncedani yi sisibizo ngamazwi oxhomekeke (ukuba ikhona), okt iqela lesibizo.

Daripada umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe / Kukho umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe.

Daripada iya kuba liqela ngokuhlwanje / Namhlanje uya kuba iqela.

Daripada akukho monakalo / Kwakungekho ingozi.

Daripada ziye iminxeba ezimbini umnxeba / ifunyenweyo iminxeba ezimbini.

Ingeniso 'kukho / kukho' kwi isinye nesininzi

Xa iqela sesibizo emva isenzi na sikwisininzi, kuyimfuneko ukuba usebenzise ifomu yesininzi yesenzi:

Daripada Zininzi izizathu zale / Kukho izizathu ezininzi.

Daripada amadoda amabini kwi gumbi / Igumbi abantu ababini.

Siphinde sisebenzise isininzi isenzi ibinzana phambi ebonisa Imigqaliselo isalamane enokwehla, ezifana 'inani (of) / inani elithile', 'a lot (of)' / iseti, 'ezimbalwa (of) / inombolo':

Daripada baba baninzi abantu bamisa apho / Kukho abantu abaninzi abaye bahlala khona.

Daripada kuphela embalwa ekhohlo / Kukho nje kuphela eseleyo.

Ukuba njengesibizo kwiqela sikwisinye okanye wempahla, ifomu efanayo iyasetyenziswa, ngokulandelelana, nesenzo:

Daripada yingongoma mnye kufuneka ufake apha / kukho enye into esimele bongeze apha.

Daripada akukho gumbi ngokwaneleyo apha / Akukho sithuba saneleyo.

Kwesenzi isinye ibekwa ngokungathi kwisivakalisi ekhankanywe izinto eziliqela okanye abantu, kodwa isibizo yokuqala elandela isenzi ukho isinye. kubandakanywa, okanye mkhulu kakhulu;

Daripada wayeyindoda nomfazi / Kwakukho indoda nebhinqa.

Daripada waba esofeni kunye nezitulo ezibini / Kwakukho esofeni kunye armchairs ezimbini.

isenzeko

Ingeniso 'kuba' ( 'kukho / kukho', ...) sisebenzisa xa sisithi:

- ubukho okanye phambi kwabantu, izinto:

Daripada abantu ababini ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni eyenzeka / kukho abantu ababini ekusenokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ntoni.

- Yintoni-oko kwenzekayo:

Daripada Nantso intlanganiso ngeveki nganye / ngeveki nganye kukho iintlanganiso.

Daripada kwabakho ukulwa bungwanyalala / Kwakukho Kungquzulwano ikrakra.

- Inombolo okanye ubungakanani:

Daripada amane kuthi, ndicinga / emashumi mane bobethu, ndiyacinga.

senzi izenzi

Ingeniso 'kukho / kukhona' Ungakwazi ziquka ziintsiza-senzi, kulandele 'kuba', 'baye' ( ukongeza kwabo banoxanduva elizayo nakwixesha elidlulileyo):

Daripada inokuba ingxaki / umba Isenokuvula.

Daripada kufuneka kubakho utshintsho kurhulumente / kufuneka kubakho utshintsho kurhulumente.

Daripada akakwazi ukuba nabani na ngaphandle / Akukho mntu phezu ezitratweni.

Daripada kufuneka ukuba ezinye impazamo / kufuneka ukuba ezinye uhlobo impazamo.

izifinyezo

Ingeniso 'kukho / kukho' ngolwimi IsiNgesi intetho okanye imeko sikweni evumela ukuncitshiswa isenzi 'kuba' okanye isenzi modal kunye nabo banqumle kuwo kwi 'kukho' yi ikhonco ( « 's» -' nto 'okanye' iye ', « 're »' ezi ',«' ll »- abantwana, 'okanye' intando ',« uguqule »-' abe ',«' d »- 'waba', 'kufanele' okanye 'babeya'):

Daripada akukho ngozi / akukho ngozi.

THR'll kusoloko ikamva umculo / umculo kuhlala elizayo.

Ndandisazi THR'd kuba sengxakini / Ndandisazi ukuba lifikile ngxaki.

Daripada Sekudlule kakhulu eninzi uphando kuyo / iye yaqhuba uphando oluninzi ngalo mba.

Andizange ukuba THR'd waba ukubulala / andazi yini na ukuba ukubulawa alenzileyo.

'Imbonakalo ukuba'

Kwakhona, ngaphandle isenzi ebomini 'kuba' - oko kukuthi, ukuba ixabiso "ukuba", "zenzeka", - ingasetyenziswa ingacaci ngakumbi "Kubonakala ukuba le ndawo ukuba", "yimvakalelo loo nto nge ..." kunye namabinzana efanayo kunye izenzi ezifana 'kuvela' yaye 'ibonakale':

Daripada kubonakala ukuba eninzi ukudideka kule ngongoma / Kubonakala ngathi kukho isixa omkhulu ukungaqondakali ncam le nto.

kubonakala Daripada ukuba kuye kwakho ukungakhathali / Kubonakala ukuba kwakukho abathile yokungakhathali.