Indlela isithuba anjalo uYuri Gagarin, nokuba kukho nto konke konke?

Indlela isithuba anjalo uYuri Gagarin, umntu wokuqala lowo wayetyelele emajukujukwini komhlaba? Kwaye ukuba ngokwenene nguye kuqala? Kwaye nokuba ngokwenene uhamba?

12 ku-Epreli 1961 kunyaka

Lo mhla yahlulwe ngonaphakade uvalo earthlings zibe "phambi" yaye "emva." De kwayiloo mini, abantu abazange Umhlaba, akazange abone nto isithuba, kwaye abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kunokwenzeka. Kodwa Yuriy Alekseevich Gagarin, lo cosmonaut wokuqala kwimbali, bumbi esahlukileyo, enyanisweni.

Kwi inqanawa "Vostok-1", yena ozibiyele Umhlaba amakhulu amabini, anamanci mane ophosa, kokufika yi iparashute ukusuka kubude kweekhilomitha ezisixhenxe. Flying phezulu, waye isikhundla uLieutenant, kodwa emva kokuba moya yena epasile ukuya Major ngoko nangoko. Indlela isithuba anjalo uYuri Gagarin, ukwenza ihlabathi umsebenzi kumnandi? Lo moya yathatha ixesha elide, kodwa wehla kwimbali ngokwenza cosmonaut wokuqala ezaziwayo.

Zonke iindiza ezilandelayo nayo iziganeko zehlabathi, kodwa loo livakale ayisa ezifunyenweyo.

"Vostok-1"

I yokuqala iziphekepheke earthlings nendoda kwibhodi egama "East". Akazange ukuphoxa nabani na, kwaye usomajukujuku yokuqala babuyela Earth wamzuzu ephilile. Le nqanawa yaba ububanzi of phantse ezimbini neemitha ezinesiqingatha ubude - malunga ezine neemitha ezinesiqingatha (ngoko ke abaviwa cosmonaut wathabatha akukho iisentimitha ngaphezu kwesinye anamanci asixhenxe), azilinganise iitoni 4.37 kwaye uyakwazi ukulawula ngesandla.

Phambi kokuba ixesha elifutshane ngexesha njengoko Gagarin wachitha esithubeni, "East" waba ezazingaphambi eziliqela. iiyunithi ezisixhenxe obizwa "zwi" kuvavanywa kwimo nzima. Abanye babo ezo ke zasuka zatshona, ngenxa apho amathuba ngesakhono isithuba wahlala kulo mbuzo.

Kodwa ekugqibeleni, yonke imiqobo inkoliso yaphunyezwa, yaye lifikile ixesha lokuba kutyelela Gagarin esithubeni.

April 12, 1961 at 9:07 "Vostok" yaphehlelelwa ukusuka cosmodrome "Baikonur".

flight

Owokuqala umntu ozibiyele ijikeleza uMhlaba ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba bagqibelele ngokupheleleyo. Kuye kutshanje yenziwe uluntu ukuba sokungalindelekanga elinanye yabhalwa ngexesha kuyo.

Omnye wabo yenzekile ngexesha zibuyela emhlabeni. Ngaphambi kokungena emoyeni ziye iingxaki ukuba cosmonaut ngokwakhe koko ngokuba "imeko engaqhelekanga", ukuze zokoyikisa Queen. Eneneni emkhombeni ngokwazo basonta imizuzu elishumi, njengoko indawo efunekayo hayi inqanyulwe. Oku kwenzeka emoyeni, yaye Gagarin wabona intsimbi bunyibilike emva window iglasi (lobushushu apho kufika kumgomo ezintathu ukuya kumawaka amahlanu). Kodwa enkosi inkalipho elizayo uHero eSoviet Union kokuba boyise, waza wafika on Earth.

Njengoko ixesha okukokwenu kwakukhona uYuri Gagarin, zonke oosomajukujuku abazange nje ukuqhuba kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa ke kuqala. Kwaye uya kuba yintoni apho, indlela aziphathe ngayo umntu ngexesha kungekho mntu waziyo. Noko ke, kaYuri A. abanyamezela ngayo umsebenzi, kunye Inkumbuzo yalo ihlabathi wayelindelwe uhlonipha scale-langa.

Indlela isithuba anjalo kaYuri Gagarin? Kwenzeka ntoni kuye emva yeflaythi?

Indlela Gagarin ayichitha isithuba - oku kwaziwa. Xa eneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, wenza lo moya wokuqala va swi, eyathatha enye kuphela elinamanci asibhozo nemizuzu.

Njani ubomi bakhe "emva"? Waba ligorha eSoviet Union kwaye wafumana Order of Lenin. Satyelela amazwe amaninzi apho ngabomvu, wenza ilungu Wawongwa uluntu ezahlukeneyo kunye amabhaso. Waqalisa ukuphila ubomi esebenzayo ekuhlaleni, kodwa nakuba udumo kunye mzobi, kwakhona bafuna ukubuyela ophaphazelayo.

Yuriy Alekseevich Gagarin wabulawa emoyeni, moya mbono kunye njengomfundisi Vladimir Sergeyevich Seregin, ngosuku lwamashumi omabini anesixhenxe-Matshi 1968, kwiminyaka emibini emva kokufa edume Sergeya Pavlovicha koroleva. Kwipokotho yebhatyi yakhe phakathi kwezinye izinto, le umyili Photo. Gagarin wayeneminyaka engama-34 kuphela ubudala.

Amarhe malunga moya "phambi" yaye "emva"

Ngoxa eSoviet Union, bayinqule umntu wokuqala ukoyisa isithuba, amajelo Western wavela inkcazelo phambi Gagarin emajukujukwini sele abantu abathi, kubonakala afa.

Ngowe-1957, 1958 no-1959 kwenziwa iinzame okuqalisa umntu emajukujukwini, kodwa yaphela kabuhlungu. Ngowe-1960, xa lilinge elandelayo philisi nendoda kuthiwa yabhabhela kwinzonzobila yesiqalo. Ekuqaleni 1961 yisathelayithi eSoviet ukusasaza intliziyo yomntu oye wayeka.

Kwake ukuba ekwindla ka-1961, kuye kwenziwa iqela yokubhabha nge ntlekele. Ekupheleni kuka-1962 i-hams Italian hlasi iimpawu, njengokuba babesithi, sokwemba wenqanawa.

Malunga Gagarin wathi akazange ade orbited Umhlaba. Ngokuba kuye, yenza kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi omnye usomajukujuku, ngubani wakhangela emva kubi kangangokuba kwagqitywa ukubonisa ihlabathi lo moya. Ngoko ke wathatha a guy ngokubenza kokuzenzisa moya.

kula

Noko ke, cosmonaut Grechko wakhanyela ngokupheleleyo namarhe yimibingelelo yabantu, hayi eendaba. Phambi Gagarin emajukujukwini wathumela Dummies, ezimbini kuzo ezazakhiwe ngezinto amakhasethi yamagama. maza Tape ngexesha esemoyeni ibandakanyiwe, kunye hams, sizibambe, babecinga, intetho, kwizigqibo zabo. Zithuba ngokusemthethweni ingxelo ngelo xesha, waza waqala amahumhum.