Inkqubela-phambili kunye nemigaqo yayo

Kuluntu ukuzazi, inkqubela yezentlalo icotha kakhulu, iinguqu zanikwa kolulwa ngezizukulwana. Utshintsho ecaca babonakala kwi kwinkalo yezopolitiko (inguqu kukarhulumente, kukwenziwa amakhoboka kwabantu).

yobuntu banqwenela ukulungelelanisa izakhono kwaye inyathelo yintshukumo ehlabathini lonke. Kwingcamango inkqubela baqalisa ukucinga zobulumko zamandulo, elo wabelithiyiwe igama elithi "inkqubela", ukusuka ncinane ukuya ephakamileyo, ukususela kokulula ukuya koko kuntsonkothileyo (incwadi yeNtshumayeli). UPlato noAristotle wayekholelwa ukuba inkqubela kwezentlalo isenzeko enzima kakhulu.

iingcinga yokuqala malunga ulwalathiso wobomi babo bonke abantu beza ngokuzalwa ubuKristu. Igama elithi uvele kule Age wokukhanya. Naye emsebenzini wakhe kusetyenziswa A.R.Tyurgo A.Kondorse. Ngelo xesha efanayo naleyo yayilandelwe of inkqubela yezentlalo zonke sobulumko futhi sazi kakuhle ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Osisigxina yobusoshiyali A.Sen-Simon, isibaluli inkqubela okuthiwa ukuziphatha; Hegel - ulwazi inkululeko yabo; F.V.Shelling - Uphuhliso zomthetho; UKarl Marx - uphuhliso imikhosi ezinemveliso kunye nobudlelwane kwezentlalo. Noko ke, khrayitheriya afana nokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe, inkululeko, amalungelo, inkqubela yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho ngengqiqo, ayiphelelanga. Ukudala avumelana la magama kuyimfuneko ukuba nokulungelelanisa, kuba eyona njongo iphambili yale ekuphuhliseni uluntu luphuculo zonke-round yobomi zonke iinkalo yayo kunokwenzeka kwaye ukuyilwa abantu njengabantu - free, enobuntu neyobuchule.

inkqubela yezentlalo akukho yinkqubo ngendlela enye. Reform and revolution kufakwe zokumelana, ixesha umsebenzi - ithuba ngxi, iingxaki ndinyuka. Yonke into okuqhubekayo okuye izinto zabo ezimbi: uphuhliso zobugcisa ezinxulumene kwandisa amathuba kwimpilo yoluntu, i-revolution akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle ngxwelerha nokubandezeleka kwabantu.

Abanye abaphandi phezu sikholelwa ukuba isibaluli zingathathwa ngokuba imikhosi nabasebenza nzima, ekhokelela impikiswano ukuba ibali liphela kwaye ikhona uqhubekeko zazivelela zabo. Enye inxalenye ababhali ukholelwa ukuba inqanaba lophuhliso imikhosi elinemveliso kunzima ukuthelekisa izizwe ezahlukeneyo, kuba ulwalamano eziphuhlileyo ngakumbi ukuze zibe wobunjani ophantsi.

Ukuba uthelekisa tshintshayo zabo, ukuba kukho ubunzima kunye ixesha yokhetho ukuyithelekisa. Ngoko ke, lo iqela lophando ukhetha njengoko engundoqo njengenqobo indlela mveliso. Le ngxoxo soku kukuba isiseko nenkqubela yophuhliso indlela zemveliso, leyo, idityaniswe ukukhula amandla emveliso kunye nobudlelwane indalo kunceda ukubonisa ngcono inqanaba uphuhliso lokusekwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye.

Noko ke, kule imeko, i ingxaki yokumisela progressiveness ye kwindlela entsha imveliso. Iqela wesithathu izazinzulu icebisa njengekhrayitheriya ukuba zidityaniswe iqondo uphuhliso imikhosi ezinemveliso kunye neenkululeko eluntwini. Kodwa ezi zinto azihambelani ngaphakathi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula kanye, xa uqala, isibaluli kakhulu kangangoko.

Iqela wesine abaphandi ukholelwa ukuba kwiimpawu esisiseko inkqubela - nophuhliso ndoda (ubuchule bakhe, utyekelo kunye nemikhosi ngamnye). Eneneni, uluntu ivela njenge kuphela ngokusebenzisa uphuhliso ngabantu ubhala ngayo.

Namhlanje, inkqubela yezentlalo kuqondwa indlela yophuhliso uluntu, nto leyo zibandakanya utshintsho ayibuyiseki umva kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi, apho kukho utshintsho bekwimo elula ukuya ezinokuntsonkotha abachubekileyo. Ababhali abaninzi bayavuma ukuba uluntu inzima kakhulu ephilayo, uphuhliso ophezu emigceni eziliqela. Ngoko ke, ukuba sithethe ingummiselo elilodwa mthethweni.

Ngoko ke, ngalo mzuzwana ngoko akukho impendulo yombuzo indlela yokunxulumanisa inkqubela yezentlalo kunye neenqobo zayo, yintoni na ngumqolo engundoqo umgaqo loluntu.