Iziphekepheke: ukoyisa amandla womxhuzulane

Isiphekepheke, mhlawumbi - izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yabantu. Le yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe idabi lwenene basivumela ukuba bachukumise iimfihlelo iphela kwaye siqonde ihlabathi ngaphandle iplanethi yethu ekhaya. senkcubeko yoluntu lonke imbali yayo kwafuneka ukuba bangenele elide kunye indlela olunameva, ezele iimpazamo wayesiwa, isithsaba kwawo ukoyisa ububi Umhlaba kunye nokufikelela isithuba kufutshane-Earth. Kwisiphekepheke liye laba isimboli kunye phezulu kubungqondi kobuchwepheshe earthlings.

Ukongeza, ezi ntaka i uhlobo "Amampunge Fair" bakumazwe asele eqhubele phambili kwaye ziphuhliswe ehlabathini. Xa wenze naluphi na kwisiphekepheke babesebenzisa impumelelo engcono abasemhlabeni - eyona oluphambili uyilo, ubuchwepheshe kunye nezinto. Avionics ezinjalo izixhobo njalo naisovremenneyshy. Amaxesha amaninzi kwisiphekepheke i yovavanyo ezifunyaniswe zakutshanje nezi.

Hayi kudala, ebudeni 'imfazwe ngokucofa iqhosha lokulayita ", uphando isithuba iye yaba kwindawo kukhuphiswano bungwanyalala, ukhuphiswano olunzulu kunye ngxabano nokuba emkhosini-sezopolitiko emikhulu yomhlaba ezimbini - eUnited States eSoviet Union. Yaye fanekisela kakhulu ukuba abantu Russian yaba koyisa lokuqala isithuba nobutshaba umntu. Ukubaluleka kwesi siganeko ukwenzela imbali ngokubanzi uluntu zibalulekile.

Kakhulu ixesha elifutshane thina sithe ukususela kumhla legolide aphawula isiqalo sexesha elitsha lophuhliso lwabantu - Aprili 12, 1961, xa isiphekepheke edume "Vostok" lwaqalwa yi Yuriem Gagarinym, langena isithuba kufuphi-Earth. Kwaye nangona ezesizwe isithuba baye batyelela yentlaninge iziphekepheke swi, kodwa ukubhabha yokuqala yaba kuzalwa sexesha elitsha ngoluntu.

Iziphekepheke ekutolikweni mihla - isixhobo equlunqelwe ukuba ahlangule oosomajukujuku emajukujukwini uze ubuyele bawabuyisele Earth. Ngoko ke, iimfuno zobugcisa ngenxa kwisiphekepheke ebekwe kakhulu engqongqo ngaphezu izixhobo zophando yaqonda. Umsebenzi ophambili we-abayili kukubonelela iimeko moya ezinjalo, ezikhuselekileyo abantu.

Le yunithi, nto leyo eya kuba iiyure ezimbalwa okanye iintsuku ukuba babe kwikhaya oosomajukujuku kufuneka ube nenkqubo egqibeleleyo, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa navigation kunye nolawulo, kodwa impilo. Konke oku waphawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngokuthi "East", nto leyo zanda ngokusesikweni isithuthi kwegama elifanayo. ubunzima elipheleleyo prelaunch le saba iitoni 287.

Ngokokwakheka le fowuni iquka iimodyuli ezimbini - capsule wehla, kunye isixhobo gumbi. Eyokuqala yaba ibhola-faired, nto leyo kunciphisa kakhulu sindisa xa ndigqitha zamahlathi iimaleko emoyeni. Kwavingcelwa igobhogobho i sikhephe yayenziwe ophezulu-amandla aluminium ingxubevange. Ngaphakathi ekuhleni philisi apho oosomajukujuku baba ku tirhisa moya lonke, le abayili ziye zabeka kuphela ubomi inkxaso kunye nokulawula iinkqubo abaluleke kakhulu. Konke okunye kwi gumbi isixhobo. Umthamo lwangaphakathi ekuhleni kwayo mnqongo 1.6 m ^3. Kwakhona, kwabakho inkqubo thermoregulation ziqulathe lulwelo-moya ubushushu umzimba. "East" yaba ezixhobo phambili ngexesha layo. Kwaya yonke eSoviet iingcamango zobunjineli kunye noyilo phambili kunye ezininzi zophuhliso ngokufihlakeleyo lalisetyenziswa.

Isiphekepheke "Soyuz", owathatha "East" edume kunye-unit multi yokuqala - "Sunrise", waba nokuba ogqibeleleyo kakhulu obugcisa. Waye kuzo zonke mkhulu moya efanayo "utshaba enokwenzeka" (yaye okunene kakhulu athile).

Iinqanawa yale hlobo zaye kuqala yenziwe imisebenzi zobugcisa olunzima ezifana angenelela kwisithuba evulekileyo, befikile manual, ukusebenza ekwehleni ezilawulwa inkqubo entsha kwavavanywa kuqala oosomajukujuku nokwabelana iteknoloji phakathi iinqanawa kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi mngeni ngokulinganayo.

"Union", kukho sele ezintathu ezimeleyo imodyuli - imodyuli isixhobo-nkonzo, inxalenye Orbital kunye ukwehla philisi zemveli, wenze igalelo elikhulu okuhlola kunye ukoyisa yendawo cosmic. Ekubeni zonke iindidi kunye nemfezeko zobugcisa isithuba mihla kufuneka ungalibali ukuba abantu bazalwa nje sisiqalo sohambo olude ukuya iinkwenkwezi.