Ubume sacrum kunye coccyx: nokwakheka nenjongo functional

Asingabo bonke inxulumene kwimpilo yazo efanelekileyo. Abantu badla musa ukunikela ingqalelo ezinye intlungu, yaye eneneni kubhaliwe kwathiwa ukuba umzimba ukuze elungileyo, kwaye kufuneka athathe amanyathelo. Ngokomzekelo, bambalwa abantu bakhathazeke ngayo intlungu sacrum. Okwangoku, oko kubonisa ukugula kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, asinakukwazi sonke ziqhelene isakhiwo sacrum. Sisonke, makhe sijonge kuyo ngathi.

kanjani sacrum

ingxenye Sacral i imilo ithambo enkulu ezibunxantathu, nto leyo imi emazantsi kwikholam spinal. Kuba abantwana baye bade Obumbe amathambo, banakho ibandakanya ezintlanu omqolo ezahlukeneyo, yaye abadala undinike isiqwenga esinye. Nguye uhlobo nesinqumka ibekwe phakathi amathambo hip.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, sacrum ezenziwa ezintlanu omqolo edidekile, kodwa kusenokuba ngakumbi, phambi mgaqweni ezifana sacralisation. Njalo omqolo tho xa ufikisa, leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, akukho lunyhasho, kunye neminyaka ngokwesiqhelo kwi-25 yonke into elungileyo.

iminyango sacrum

Ngoku makhe siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha yintoni na isakhiwo sacrum. Komzimba libe vule kunye namathambo empontshwa kunye coccyx. Kulo mzekelo, kuba iqulathe iindawo ezininzi:

• ngaphambili kunye nomphezulu angasemva (facies pelvina, facies dorsalis);
• amacandelo icala (pars lateralis);
• isiseko (isiseko ossis ezizibingelelayo zizibingelela);
• enekona (ubutsolo ossis ezizibingelelayo zizibingelela);
• emseleni sacral (canalis sacralis).

Umphezulu ngaphambili ngokumila phakathi oko ucaca ngakumbi kwicala wobomi kwaye downwardly, kodwa ngaphantsi apha emacaleni. Embindini inxalenye ngaphambili sacrum ukuwela 4 yakheka ilungu izihlalo emnqamlezweni omqolo nokumanyana. Kumacala omabini la imigca amalungiselelo zivula isixa lamaqhosha-4 ukusuka kwicala ngalinye. Zinelungelo imilo ngeenxa zonke, uyalele phambili yokuxazulula kwaye bejonge ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi uya uqaphele utshintsho kwi sangqa kwicala ezincinane. Ngokusebenzisa le mingxuma ukubaleka imithambo yegazi kunye kwalapho leyo kwenza plexus.

Phezu ngasemva ubume sacrum iphawulwa kwemilo elimxinwa khaxa kunye abahlukunyezwa. Ecaleni kulo nasentshonalanga ezintlanu ingamathambo, leyo akhiwa ngokudibana amanye amalungu omqolo. iinkqubo articular inkqubo Spinous uhlobo unpaired ikama bahlanganisane kungena esiphakathi nasentshonalanga, spikes emikhulu osecaleni ezenziwa efanayo igama ngezibini. Ngamanye amaxesha onke maqhuqhuva bahlanganisane ukuze xitsunga enye.

Imiphezulu icala kwandiswa ezahlukeneyo indawo yayo ephezulu, kodwa ke iingqameko phantsi.

Isizathu - it ulithambo ngokumila elibukhali yaye ububanzi, zijonge phambili, kwenyusa. Inxalenye engaphambili liqhagamshelene vertebra empontshwa wesihlanu yakha uhlobo ekapa, ezijolise isinqe.

Enekona inophawu seqanda, nto leyo evumela ukuba eyona ndlela ibhetele connect with ithambo le coccyx.

Ubume sacrum kunye coccyx ibandakanya sicatshulwa elisuke ecaleni ithambo kwaye ngokumila egosogoso. Ngaphezu kokuba uboniswa kwaye ufana unxantathu, kwaye apha ngezantsi iingqameko. Enanikade udonga ngasemva umjelo kuhlala zihlala. Le plexus sacral luvo neziphelo channel Ifunyanwa bephuma nge emingxunyeni.

wenza njani isinqe

Sacrum, ukuba ibekwe kufutshane ngasemva, yinxalenye kuphela isakhiwo naziphi isinqe abantu, nakuba isini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko iqulathe zizahlulo ezithathu eziphambili:

• mathambo ezimbini zangasese;
• sacrum;
• tailbone.

Xa phambi ithambo isinqe ngambini ezimbini idityaniswe ezimbaxa semi-ihamba nesinovialnogo. Kungenjalo, eli candelo abizwe ngokuba pubis symphysis okanye symphysis zikawonke wonke. Emva kwezi amathambo amacebo iifom zazo ezimilise indlebe-zincamathele uqikelelo enye ithambo aitch. Ngenxa yoko, oku kukhokelela nokusekwa ngababini namalungu sacroiliac.

Ukongeza, ngamnye iinkuni ezimbini, kwakunye isakhiwo isinqe, ke, liquka amanye amacandelo amathathu:

• iliac;
• ischial;
• zikawonke wonke.

Akuba abaneminyaka engama-16-18, la mathambo oxhulumene kwi kwezinye cartilages ngamnye. Ngoko kukho luyaphilisa ngokuthe ngcembe ezi zinto zibe ithambo enye zangasese. Phezu engaphandle lithi acetabulum, nto leyo esebenza njengendawo elula for obandayo intloko femoral.

Isiphumo ikhonkco okanye umngxuma zangasese, apho amalungu zangaphakathi azifakwanga. Lonke isitya yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: enkulu, banzi (isinqe ezinkulu) kunye nezincinane, sincinane (isinqe minor). Bona zihlukaniswe nomda, bekuza ngokusebenzisa promontory sacral, i arc emathanjeni ezimbini iliac, scallops ithambo zikawonke wonke kunye nelona qondo liphezulu le symphysis zikawonke wonke.

Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo zangasese kuquka isebe, baphi izibilini besive esiswini ephantsi - sisitya enkulu. Kwaye kukho encinane ekufihleni isikali kunye isinye. Ukongeza, kukho wesibeleko kunye waso kunye ikuku kwabasetyhini. Xa abantu, isebe likhusela ingqondo wesinye vesicles ZakwaLizwi Zehlabathi.

Umahluko kubume zangasese abasetyhini kunye namadoda

Ikakhulu umahluko isakhiwo zesebe zangasese ngenxa yokuba umzimba umfazi bukaThixo malilungiselelwe ukuzalwa komntwana. Njengoko isinqe, kungenjalo ukubukeka sacrum nemazi (a umzobo isakhiwo inikwa kwinqaku lethu). Yena ngokubanzi ngaphantsi egosogoso.

isinqe ababhinqileyo ngokubanzi elifutshane kakhulu. Ukongeza, ezahlukeneyo kunye imingxuma: kwisiqingatha nemazi zaba banzi kakhulu, kuba ngabo lo mntwana. Kwaye ngexesha ukunyuswa umngxuma lokubeleka. Sami amathambo inyonga xa abasetyhini kujikwa ngakumbi kunamadoda.

ukusebenza

Xa imizimba yethu indima ebalulekileyo iwela sacrum. Iimpawu ngesakhiwo ukuvumela ukuba enze lo msebenzi uphambili wokhuseleko sitho, ibekwe kwisisu zangasese. Kodwa ke, ukongezelela, linikeza sacrum tye amathambo abantu. Ngenxa kuye, umthwalo yonke ngokulinganayo isasazwe, ingakumbi umthamo wayo omkhulu iyawa xa ehamba. Ekubeni amathambo le sacrum Elokugqiba ngoko enze umsebenzi motor, yena akakwazi.

inkqubo kwemisipha

isebe Sacral ayikwazanga kakuhle ifezekise umsebenzi wayo ngaphandle amaqela imisipha:

• eliphakathi;
• iliac;
• ingxolo;
• gluteal.

Ukuqaleka kwayo le piriformis izihlunu izenzo ngokwakhe nemisipha sacrum kunye foramen ezinkulu sciatic. Baya kumka ezithungwini ngamnye kwimicu izihlunu, ezithi ke ngoko ezidibeneyo wathumela trochanter omkhulu ithambo lethanga. Muscle inika isindululo rotary welungu kasikrobana.

Sacrum izihlunu iliac kwakhona aqala amathambo, elinoxanduva layo Crest, eqwalasele iliac kunye fovea. Ke umsipha wenyuka waya trochanter ongaphantsi kwe ithambo lethanga. umsebenzi wayo kukuba flexion alo mlenze asezantsi.

Imicu kwemisipha ingxolo akhe kwimijelo sacrum, kwaye banoxanduva ayeguqa emva ngasemva.

Gluteal izixhobo kwezihlunu evela sacrum amathambo kunye coccyx, kuquka iliac. imicu ukudlulisa ukuya tuberosity gluteal. Xa gluteus maximus sacral yeyona inkulu. Injongo yalo - eli ujikelezo kunye flexion le nemilenze.

Blood supply sacral

Lokuqinisekisa unikezelo kwimicu izihlunu ochazwe lisebe ukuhlangabezana iimpahla ezithile yegazi. Ubume sacrum kukuba emibhaka kunye neqela kwezihlunu le gluteal ifumana izondlo ngenxa gluteal Umthambo yahlulwe yangamacandelo eziliqela.

Yi imicu izihlunu iliac kwemithambo efanelekileyo iliopsoas. Ukongeza apha, inxaxheba kunye Umthambo, nemvulophu wethambo kasikrobana. imithambo empontshwa nikeza kwamandla kumaqela izihlunu ingxolo.

kwalapho

Good isakhiwo kwemisipha umsebenzi kunokwenzeka ngenxa kwalapho. Amaqela Umsebenzi ilium kunye piriformis kwezihlunu ezilawulwa yi empontshwa kunye plexus sacral. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuhamba lokudibanisa nganye. Ngoko ukuze iliac ifayibha idibana le plexus empontshwa, icilikishe ngenxa piriformis luvo neziphelo sacrum.

Isakhiwo luquka breech sacrum iiseli plexus luvo ezilawula izihlunu igama elifanayo. Kuba innervation multifidus amaqela kwezihlunu onoxanduva amajelo-luvo yomnqonqo.