Indlela abasabela imisinga ku ababhexeshi ngaxeshanye

intsebenziswano ngoku waziwa kakuhle kakhulu Electrical Engineering mihla: kuyo ingqalelo xa yokuyila zakhiwo kubenzi benyukliya le "Tokamak" kunye noyilo zombane. Ngokomzekelo, kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukutshintsha amathuba ezikufutshane kule stator jiko ukuya plane jiko. Ngenxa yoko, xa "heavy 'ukuqala oomatshini enamandla xa yangoku lufika ubuninzi amaxabiso yokwakha, umonakalo ephethe shpug jiko singabonakala. Kule meko kukho intsebenziswano ngemagnethi phakathi imisinga ayahamba na engathi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. ezijikelezayo amasimi ngemagnethi iyitsalele isenzo etsala phezu abaqhubi. Ukufunda impefumlelwano imisinga, isikakhulu uthathwa impefumlelwano uhlobo otsalayo, enyanisweni isihloko ebanzi kakhulu.

Khawucinge uthungelwano ontlantlu-ntathu, umgca ngamnye oludityaniswe iqela yayo yabathengi lakhe. Nangona besenza iyonke malunga ngokulinganayo kwisistim iphela uzinzile, kodwa kubiza akonwabanga kakhulu intsalela imisinga iyeza imo ebizwa ngokuba "kwisigaba ROOTN 'ukuba kunokonakalisa iyunithi. Kwakhona imisinga intsebenziswano kwenzeka kunye uxhulumaniso engumzekelo imithombo emininzi amandla kuba umthwalo olufanayo. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba yokupheliswa lwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, kukho flow imisinga phakathi imithombo (ngokufutshane ndithi), kodwa imigca isigaba non ezifunyenwe short-kombane. Ngokucacileyo, impefumlelwano imisinga buzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kaninzi ngaphezu lidla ingqalelo umthetho Ampere kaThixo.

Ukuba phakathi izibonda malunga of a umazibuthe (imagnethi static) obekwe isakhelo ezinokususwa, ekuthe ngoku, iya phendula ukuya angle ethile emiselwe amandla yentsebenziswano kwamabala amabini Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye imigca ezijolise ukugogeka. wayezimisele la mandla kwaye ziqulunqwe odumileyo French yamachiza A. M. Amperom ngo-1820.

Okwangoku wasebenzisa kuqulunqo ilandelayo: xa yangoku aqukuqela umqhubi icandelo obhityileyo kuloo mhlaba otsalayo, amandla DF, ube nefuthe kwi ariya ethile (DL) kwicingo ngumsebenzi ngqo ngamandla ngoku mna imveliso kumda wesangqa ka ubude DL ngexabiso kuFacebook magnetic B. Leyo:

DF = (mna DL) * B,

kuyo F, l, B - kumda wesangqa amanani.

Ukumisela ulwalathiso F ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa ngendlela elula kakhulu - ulawulo ekhohlo-ngesandla. Engqondweni ingalo yasekhohlo kufuneka ibekwe ukuze umnombo ukuqina kuFacebook otsalayo (B) zibandakanyiwe esandleni evulekileyo kwi-engile degrees 90, 4 bulungiswe finger ulwalathiso sokukhomba olukhoyo (ukusuka "+" ukuba "-"), ngoko igotywe engile ubhontsi zibonisa ulwalathiso ebambeleyo ekhankanyiweyo umqhubi Ampere amandla yangoku-ethwele.

Waziwa kakhulu amandla yentsebenziswano imisinga ngaxeshanye. Enyanisweni, oku ityala eyodwa umthetho jikelele. Bonisa abaqhubi ezimbini ngaxeshanye kunye ngoku vacuo, ubude yayo ayiphele ndawo. Umgama phakathi kwabo luchazwa «r» ileta. umqhubi ngamnye (imisinga I1 kunye I2) olwakha yintsimi ngemagnethi kufutshane ngokwayo, ngoko zihlangana. imigca induction zizangqa.

Ulwalathiso zithwala otsalayo induction B1 kumiselwa kulawula lobhontsi. Nantsi ifomula:

B1 = (m0 / 4Pi) * (2 * I1 / r);

apho m0 ihlupha magnetic; r - kude; Pi - 3,14.

Ukusebenzisa Ifomula ekufumaneni amandla Ampere, sifumana:

dF12 = (I2 * DL) * B1;

kuyo dF12 - amandla intsimi umqhubi 1 Umqhubi 2.

Power isichatshulwa singantoni na:

dF12 = (m0 / 4Pi) * (2 * I1 * I2 / r) * DL.

Ukuba ubude l ilingana ukusuka kwiqanda ukuya kwenye, ngoko:

F12 = (m0 / 4Pi) * (2 * I1 * I2 / r).

Oku ungamandla enza iyunithi elithile wire yangoku-ukuwaphatha. Ukuba uyazi ixabiso F, kunokwenzeka ukuba bayile ethembakeleyo iimoto zombane, ukunika amandla Ampere. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa ukubala i-njalo ngemagnethi. Kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela ukuba, esekelwe kwimithetho isandla sasekhohlo, kulandela ukuba mikhwa iyafana, izinikezeli ziyatsalwa ngenye indlela - ukuba aqale.