Indlela abantu abaninzi baba phezu kwenyanga, yaye ngubani na ke?

Kuye utsale elide ukufihla yabantu kakhulu kwaye nkqu amandla emimoya yenyanga. kukhanya kwasezulwini ebusuku nangona eshushu, kodwa izisa ingcinga ebandayo, ngokungafaniyo ilanga. Noko ke, kwakhona kubalulekile njengoko isathelayithi yokuqala yokwemvelo iplanethi yethu. oosomajukujuku abaninzi bachitha isiqingatha ubomi bam, ukuze balungiselele a endla ntirho moya kuyo. Kodwa ke, mhlawumbi, nkqu mntu eyayifunde kakhulu kuthi ukuba abantu abaninzi baba phezu kwenyanga , ingakumbi bangaphi luseza ukubeka unyawo kumphezulu wayo.

newele Yomhlaba - Moon

iplanethi yethu nenyanga wayo udla ngokubizwa ngokuba la mawele, kodwa nje a joke, ekubeni kungekho imbonakalo, okanye nokuba yokuba asingabo ineenkalo ezifanayo. Ubunzima kwenyanga yinxalenye encinane nje ubunzima komhlaba, malunga 0,0123, ubukhulu bayo ufana ikota-ezisentlabathini (malunga 3476 km). Kodwa kukho umahluko onjalo, ukukhanya ebusuku kuthathwa ukuba ibe nenyanga elikhulu ngokwaneleyo, ubukhulu wayo ngaphezu kuphela ezo Hewana kaZeyus (Io, Gannimed kunye Callisto) kunye uSaturn (Titan). Kunye iiplanethi ezinkulu, iNyanga yesihlanu inkulu Hewana, lo gama i-Umhlaba ngokwawo imi phezu wesihlanu enye, kodwa sele lukuluhlu-langa heavyweight. Oku kwenzeka inqabile. Ngokuqinisekileyo lonke uphando Bangabi ethembekileyo, ukuba wayengazi ukuba bangaphi abantu abaye bahamba inyanga kwaye yenze igalelo kulwazi kulo mzimba ingaqhelekanga yasezulwini.

Ngoko kutheni na Earth and satellite yayo - iplanethi kabini? Izazi ze bakholelwa ukuba ezi iiyantlukwano kwiqela le-mali ezincinane kakhulu, kuba xa uthatha, umzekelo, Mars kunye Phobos wayo, inkulu kuzo zonke "close" ye-Red Planet, kube incinane kakhulu, ukuba nguye endaweni kweNyanga, kungekuphela nje umhlaba abahlali, kodwa ayibobuchule olulodwa ndingamboni.

Ngubani kuqala watyelela iNyanga?

Wonke schoolchild uyazi ifoto odumileyo ebonisa ukusekwa edume kwe iflegi American phezu kwamanzi satellite yethu. Kwakhona, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba igama lalo mntu - Neil Armstrong. Kodwa ke abantu abaninzi njani ezibe inyanga emva kwakhe kwaye isigqibo sokuba umntu ushiye uphawu layo phezu komhlaba ezinothuli izibane ebusuku ngaphambili? Kakade ke, izazinzulu ezininzi kunye iinjineli ziye zasebenza ekudalweni izixhobo ezikhethekileyo igqampe kwi inyanga, kodwa iinzame zabo aziphumelelanga. Isizathu nje uvuyo bazisa kurhulumente US intuthuko kanye nendlela gqitha ukuba ekugqibeleni yogqithe eSoviet Union.

Nantoni na, kodwa ke engcono, kwakhona wadala iimeko ezingcono nyanzela waphoswa ezo njineli best yathengwa emva kokuba moya Yuriya Gagarina emajukujukwini ukwakha rocket ukuba ngcono.

Ngoko ke, ukususela umnqweno ukuphumelela kumzabalazo omde, iqela xa bekusungulwa the American "Apollo 11" eyanikelwa 1969 kunye Umhlaba, yaye, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, umkhombe waphuma emajukujukwini kunye enqanaweni ebusweni Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin kunye Michael Collins. Kodwa ukuba uthe soveshil igqampe phezu kwenyanga, yaye njengoko uthathe ifoto edumileyo awukacaci. Kodwa emveni kokuba amaMelika baba neqhayiya ukuba yintoni na - abantu abaye batyelela inyanga. Le ifoto lihanjiswa kulo lonke kumaphephandaba, kuzo zonke iindlela, kunye iibhodi. AmaMelika bayazidla koyisa phezu eSoviet Union, njengoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuboniswe oko.

abantu abaninzi, iimbono ezininzi kangaka

Ngoxa America babonisa "Ukuhlanganisa live" indawo ehlabathini lonke, apho oosomajukujuku nibeka iflegi zabo, Russian kunye Chinese nomntana iingalo zenu, ngenxa yokuba kubo Luzuko walelwa. Indlela abantu abaninzi baba phezu zenyanga kunyaka kwabo apho, yaye ukubonisa njani uyakuhlala mfihlelo, ngenxa yokuba izizathu zokuthandabuza inqwaba.

Okokuqala, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo ngexesha nezixhobo zovavanyo moya kulimala, njengoko ibingaziswa engqondweni. Lungisa ixesha elingephi kwakungenakwenzeka, kodwa moya kwenzeka, yaye ngempumelelo kakhulu.

Okwesibini, Hewana Soviet ngexesha wokuhamba yakhe ngaphantsi komhlaba kummandla Nevada waphawula yimingxuma inkohliso inyanga, kwaye ndawo wakhangela ngathi nenyanga ngokwenene, ngoko kwagqitywa ukuba baseMerika ngokwenene linikezelwe yaseRussia kukhuphiswano namaqhinga.

Okwesithathu, iflegi ugxunyekwe phezu kweNyanga, yaphuhliswa umoya, kodwa ukusuka apho kuza umoya ovela? Ekugqibeleni, izithunzi kuwa kumacala ahlukeneyo, akuqhelekanga ngenene, ngenxa yokuba bazisa efanayo kunye nezibane spotlight evela eMhlabeni, ukuze imifanekiso baphuma ngempumelelo ngakumbi?

ngokombono

Njengokuba kude njengokuba sisazi, amathandabuzo waqala ngoko nangoko, ekuqaleni, nkqu ongenamava zikholelwa ukuba ukugaleleka kwi inyanga koMhlaba wathabatha ngokwenene indawo, kodwa zange kube kudala, kuba wakubuza kukuhamba kwexesha, enika indlela ingqiqo. Emva kwexesha elithile, baqala ukuvela nokuba uncwadi, waqala bhanyabhanya documentaries, kodwa nobuganga kakhulu wavakalisa ngqo izimvo zabo malunga nomgangatho okanye hayi sadlala.

Abagxeki zahlulwe nkampu zimbini: abanye bakholelwa ukuba nkqu oosomajukujuku kwi rocket akazange ahlale phantsi, singasathethi ke vaakelani va kunye ukugaleleka phezu kwenyanga, ngokutsho kubo, kwenzeka ngendleko abahleli abaziingcali. Ngoxa olwesibini yaba esengqiqweni yaye baye bagqiba ekubeni vaakelani va wayefezekile, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo oosomajukujuku kuphela yabhabha phezu inyanga emhlabeni.

Enoba zingaphi amathandabuzo kwaye abaninzi baye bafumana akukho bungqina ubuqhetseba, amaMelika - kodwa nangoku abantu enyangeni. Uluhlu cosmonauts Russian amagama abo abangakhange ujoyine, mhlawumbi, oko kuya kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.

Uluhlu wahamba phezu inyanga

Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni, safika ngomhla inyanga 12 oosomajukujuku US. Mhlawumbi ngenxa bonke abantu ngokusemthethweni labhabha enyangeni, eyaziwa kuphela uNeil Armstrong, yaye oku Kuyaqondakala, kuba, njengoko bathi, emva kokubuyela ngowe-1969 ukuya kwilizwe lakhe lonke udumo waya kuye, njengoko waphuma kwisiphekepheke kuqala. Kodwa kwakukho nabanye abantu ababe enyangeni. Amagama neefani zabo "Lucky" namhlanje kuwonke-wonke, lo gama nje iziganeko lendalo zelizwe lethu kunye United States yaphela.

Kokwehla yokuqala yenziwa ngu Neil Armstrong kunye Buzz Aldrin July 21, 1969, yaye wahlala iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-21. I-moya yokuqala iye yabangela kwaye wesibini, rocket baba usomajukujuku ezimbini Charles Conrad kunye Alan Bean, bahlala phezu iiyure Moon 31 imizuzu 31. Kamva lawela Moon:

• Alan Nyathela;
• Edgar Mitchell;
• David Scott;
• Dzheyms Irvin;
• Dzhon Yang;
• Charlz Dyuk.

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, isixa sexesha echithiweyo weightlessness landa, ireyithi esiphezulu kwaba ukubhabha yokugqibela, wenza ngo-1972, Eugene Cernan kunye Harrison Schmitt. Balibala ke isikhanyiso ebusuku iiyure 75.

Facts about inyanga koMhlaba

Asikwazi kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba abantu abaninzi baba phezu kwenyanga, yaye nokuba iyavakala na kungathenjwa ncam abaseMelika. Kubhetele ukuba .Asikwazi izibakala wavunywa. Umzekelo, enyanisweni, kungekhona yesathelayithi kugxile Earth, ihamba ecaleni kwakhe lisoloko ngesantya esifanayo. Kwakhona, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba ngexesha mission isithuba 1971 ukusuka kumphezulu kweNyanga bathathwa kuleyo mincinane, kwaye ngoku ezikhula eUnited States.