Imidlalo kwinkqubo yemfundo nguJames Guy: iingcinga ezintsha nokukhafula uphando kwiinginginya?

umphengululi owaziwayo American James Paul Guy (Yakobi Paul Gee) - ngomnye wabantu abakhuthaza ezininzi esebenzayo le nguqulelo hayi kuphela ezoluntu mihla kunye ezentlalo, kodwa kwimfundo yesikolo. Revolutionary kunye provocateur ngemvelo, Dzheyms Gi ubhenca iintsilelo zemfundo zesikolo mihla eUnited States ngendlela efanayo njengoko Unikela kokusesikweni kwezentlalo kunye nesimo sengqondo Ukungakhathali uluntu malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yendalo. Ingxoxo kwikamva wemfundo yezikolo United States Guy yeza nakanye, kodwa, ukuba sele waba nokuphangalala kwamava of "imisebenzi revolution" kwezinye iindawo: psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, imiba nokubhala ngengqiqo olubanzi - elileli kwimimandla yolwazi lomfo, owathi kwiminyaka yakutshanje baye eyenziwe umfutho kakhulu inguqu olugqithiseleyo eyoluntu ezentlalo kwi West. Kwamiselwa iindlela ezintsha imisebenzi yophando i kwenziwa inzululwazi yenguqu ukuba urhulumente omtsha kunye nqanaba entsha yophuhliso - postmodernism. Russia, le kotshintsho yi ngokukhuselekileyo emva kwethu, nangenxa singajonga eli kuphuhliso, njengoko avela ngaphandle, kubalulekile kwaye ukuhlola look.

Wodumo Dzheyms Gi

Umsebenzi sisazinzulu kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu umva amanyathelo eziliqela, apho kubonakala ngathi emikhakheni ezahlukeneyo: Ki-ngeelwimi, ngezentlalo Guy, Guy ividiyo umdlalo uphando. Peru ungumnikazi abaninzi ngumphandi ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezingenamandla ze iincwadi, ngomoya postmodernism. Enyanisweni, lonke Scientist yakhe uphando umsebenzi kuphandwe amathuba uhlalutyo ntshumayelo psycholinguistics kunye ezentlalo, yaye kwiminyaka yakutshanje bafudukela iingcinga zokuphumeza izimvo zabo kunye nokusasazwa kwawo kwinginginya.

Emva ludlala imidlalo ethile yobudala ngokwanelisayo oqolileyo Dzheyms Gi iye yaba ekukhuthazeni esebenzayo ingabula lwabo kwikharityhulam yesikolo kuba ayibona ngayo indlela ephumelelayo lweenkqubo okucinga uphuhliso. iinzame Previous ukwazisa iinkqubo ukucinga kwimfundo yamabanga American aziphumelelanga kwaye kwaphumela ukuthotywa nengcinga yabantu abatsha baseMerika, ilahleko okhuphiswano kwicandelo ngokwasengqondweni, kubo minyaka ngakumbi nangakumbi abafudukayo abavela kumazwe kunye nenkqubo yesikolo ngempumelelo ngakumbi.

imidlalo postmodernists

iingcamango postmodernist ezibonwe kwicala lezingluntu Western ekuqaleni nzima, kodwa ke bayabanjwa phantse ngokupheleleyo iingqondo inkoliso yabaphengululi, ukuba, eneneni, i nguquko yenzululwazi omtsha. Endaweni yoluvo odlulileyo ngomatshini babantu kunye noluntu-bulumko bamandulo isosioloji wathenjiswa enye model esekelwe kwingcamango yokucinga enemiqathango kunye luluvo abantu malunga ihlabathi, kwakunye indima ephezulu urhulumente ekuphuhliseni uluntu, kodwa kunokuba ukhuphiswano lwe iingcamango ezahlukeneyo. postmodernists World - njengezininzi umdlalo wevidiyo computer, apho zilula, ngokulula imithetho ukuyiqonda. Le modeli lula yehlabathi kunye noluntu isebenza kakuhle ngendlela ezahlukeneyo zophando, koko, zama ukusebenzisa ukuze achaze yonke iintlobo zonke izenzakalo Inyaniso kukuba asingawo ngokwaneleyo into ebaluleke gqitha kuye. Njengaye nawuphi na umfuziselo ingqiqo ezikhona, ihlabathi postmodern i-oganogram yaye ilungele kuphela iinjongo zophando kuphela.

Emibonweni James Ki yesikolo esiphakamileyo

Ngelishwa, asinakukwazi kweli nqaku ukutyhila ngokupheleleyo yobuntu kaYakobi Guy kwaye ukuhlola igalelo layo kuphuhliso kwicala lezingluntu. Siza kuzama kugxininisa kuphela izimvo zakhe wemfundo: le mphengululi mhlaba sele enikelwe umsebenzi wayo kule minyaka yakutsha nje.

Enyanisweni ingcamango Guy kwimfundo mzamo zokusebenzisa indlela uhlalutyo ntshumayelo practice ekuhlaleni. Siqinisekile ukuba indlela yakhe yezenzululwazi ukuba angene ngempumelelo kwi iintshukumisa yokwenene abantu baqonde izizathu ngezenzo abazithathayo baqikelele ithemba lobomi, Dzheyms Gi icebisa "uvule amehlo akho" imigaqo "okwenyaniso" umyalelo yehlabathi hayi kuphela abalandeli isikolo sakhe zenzululwazi, kodwa onke baseMelika intsha ngqo phezu kwesitulo yesikolo. Yiyo le "charter", ngokutsho ingcali yenzululwazi, kubalulekile ukuba abantwana, hayi kangako ukukwazi ukufunda okanye ukubhala.

Tsalela inkqubo yesikolo

Ukuba olululo kwinzululwazi, Guy siveza iimbono ezinkulu loHlaziyo kwinkalo yemfundo. Ngokutsho nzulu, inkqubo yesikolo classical abanamasiko amawaka eminyaka asisiniki umntu ezibalulekileyo lokufunda nokubhala, umzekelo ukukwazi ukwenza yokwenene yentlalo uvavanyo kwezentlalo, ukuze babone ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo siseko zifakwa kubume bentlalo kunye nokuqonda ukuba ngubani oxhamlayo kuwo (apho wedwa wayiva le nto?). Inkqubo Ki - uqhankqalazo nxamnye "kutyhefeka kwengqondo" esikolweni, ndiwusindise njengeziko of transfer izakhono nezithethe zentlalo. Scientist efunda ukuba isikolo kufuneka kuvelisa ukuba "zinegalelo" umphakathi kurhulumente, kodwa - abavelisi izimvo kunye ezintsha. Kodwa ingakumbi Guy na ndabanda ukuba isikolo ayikwazanga amgxothe evela kuluntu unqulo uninzi baseMerika Akufumanekanga ndeyisekile ukuba ubomi iphela Wavuka kwazenzekela ukuba engaphili, yaye - ngokusebenzisa ngendaleko ezinkawini.

Innovation ekufundiseni nguYakobi Guy

inxalenye Applied mbono ngokolwimi nezentlalo Ki iindlela ezingaqhelekanga kunye neendlela zokufundisa, anikela kokwaziswa kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Kuphela enye yezi ndlela - ivideo imidlalo, isifundo apho umphandi uyazinikezela kangangoko ixesha elininzi. Dzheyms Gi iceba ukuba bashiye ubulumko lwakudala kwimbono yokuba ivideo imidlalo yokuzonwabisa njengendlela kuphela zokuzonwabisa, kodwa endaweni usebenzisa indlela lokuqala zezenzululwazi ukubabona njengoko umdali ingcamango. Wonke ethandwayo umdlalo wevidiyo Guy ifumana ethile intsingiselo, omnye iphuhlisa isantya isantya kwaye reaction, omnye - imikhosi ukusombulula iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo, kuquka ngokubambisana namanye amalungu, njl Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo - ivideo imidlalo yokuzonwabisa ukuvumela umntu ngokufutshane uziva ngathi umdali yokwenene ethile. Ngokutsho Guy, nemvakalelo kufuneka yatshintshelwa ndikhulile, kwinqanaba zonxibelelwano kunye nabantu izinto zasemsebenzini.

Yintoni eyenza lo mdlalo?

Dzheyms Gi ziyathabatheka ivideo imidlalo, kodwa hayi kuphela nje umntu yokungcakaza, kodwa zezenzululwazi. Ezigcinela kukuba umthathinkxaxheba umdlalo wevidiyo isebenza prektirovschika injineli ukuba neyayo yeengcinga malunga nokuba maqhube njani imithetho ebekwe ngokwayo ekujoliswe ukufikelela iziphumo ezithile, ngokuxhomekeke ukukhetha icebo ekunene.

Ngokutsho kuYakobi Ki, ukusetyenziswa ivideo imidlalo yokuzonwabisa kwinkqubo yemfundo ivula amathuba kumntu ukuqonda ezinye ubunyani entsha, ukukwazi ukuvelisa iinkqubo zokucinga kunye nocazululo kuphela etsomo, fiction, kodwa yinto yinyani. Loo ikhono ikharityhulam luncedo classical wenza ngokucacileyo.

Ukuvavanywa nezimvo wemfundo James Ki

Izimvo nemibono Guy kwezemfundo - yoqobo kwaye engaqhelekanga. Baya ngokulambisa ukungena kwinkqubo yemfundo mihla kwaye kulindeleke ukuba sisazinzulu, kunokubangela omninzi ngokuchasene Ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo. Kunjalo, Guy uyohlwaywa ngabo imfuno uphuhliso lweenkqubo yokucinga, ubuchule, umnqweno ukuhlalutya ubunyani kokusingqongileyo nokwenza iziphumo kolu hlahlelo. Konke oku akusebenzi kuswela isikolo mihla American, ibe yinyaniso leyo. Noko ke, into efanayo isifo "ebulalayo" akuyomfuneko ukuba iinkqubo zemfundo, ezifana eFinland, Japan okanye uSirayeli, apho ukufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi izithethe yesikolo kunye nezinto umdlalo mihla zoqeqesho. Ngako oko, iinkqubo yokucinga - akusoloko imfihlo, ulwazi ubugqi, kodwa imveliso eqhelekileyo ingqondo, evela kunye nenqubo eyiyo ekufundeni.

Ukusetyenziswa ivideo imidlalo imihlambi kufuna uvavanyo kwangaphambili kunye nokuvunywa. Siyazi ukuba abantwana akusoloko kulula uku bana phandle apho umdlalo wevidiyo iphela, nalapho - ubomi luqala kweyangoku i imigaqo, imithetho, yaye uvalo, hayi iziphumo yenyani yezenzo. Ngale ndlela, kukhubazeko ividiyo umdlalo ungakuvumeli ukuba yinyani. IziBonelelo, othi Guy, kulindeleke okanye kucwangciswe ubungqina kuphela kwisenzo zezenzululwazi kodwa. Ngoko ke, ukwenza utshintsho olukhulu kwiinkqubo obumiselweyo namaziko, asiyi khawuleza. Kwelinye icala asinakho, ngaphandle izicelo kunokwenzeka ukusetyenziswa ivideo imidlalo, iingcamango kokukhona umbhali uyavuma ukuba babe nje enye izixhobo zemfundo kwi yokugcina kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.