Yintoni Usuku St George embalini?

Kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha yintoni na Day St. George, yintoni na le imbali yale holide, nokuba imbeko ngaye uphawula. unxibelelwano Day. George, owayebizwa eRashiya Yuriev mini, lu dityanisiwe abaninzi kuthi kunye imbali serfdom. Eneneni, le iholide ekhethekileyo abalimi. Akukho namnye kubo baba mbuzo: "? Yintoni koSuku St George kaThixo" ixabiso layo ngokuba wabo omkhulu. Wayithanda? Funda eli nqaku yaye uya kufunda into koSuku eSt George kaThixo kwilizwe lethu ngonaphakade.

Xa lodumo Usuku St George kaThixo, njengoko waba ezihlobene ne serfdom

It is a iholide kwi isimbo ubudala kubhiyozelwa ngomhla we-26 Novemba kunye entsha - 9 kuDisemba. Kweli xesha ukusuka kwi-16 ukuya kwele-17, wawa ngoDisemba 6.

Impendulo elifutshane umbuzo wokuba yintoni koSuku eSt George ukwenzela abalimi Russian, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Okokuqala, kule mini abanini zabalwa kunye nabo. Olubalo sisekelwe kwiziphumo kwesivuno, xa ilali iphela kunyaka mali. Ivela Egoreva kwimini ekuthiwa uSuku St. George, kwakukho igama elithi "obegorit", nto leyo iholo olungenabulungisa. Okwesibini, ngoko avunyelwe ukuba baphumile umnini-mhlaba. Abalimi ngenkulungwane ye-15 wayesazi kakuhle kakhulu oko koSuku eSt George, njengokuba ngalo le holide, baba ukhululekile ukuba ashiye ilizwe labo ndiye kwelinye mhlaba. Ngenxa yoko ke, nangoku kufuneka ukuba ahlawule amatyala kumninindlu, kwakunye umrhumo ukusetyenziswa kwisabelo komhlaba kunye nenkundla (abantu abadala). Abo baphila iminyaka emine okanye ngaphezulu, umnini-mhlaba uya kuhlawulwa xa transfer "bonke abantu abadala." Abanye, abaphantsi umyalelo wakhe ubuncinane iminyaka emine, wamnika isabelo kuphela, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo ixesha baye bahlala kuyo. Sixelele ukuba oko Usuku St George xa kwimbali eRashiya iminyaka engaphezulu.

Sudebnik Ivan III and Ivana Groznogo

Emva kokuba amazwe Russian sasimanyene phantsi kolawulo kwenene eMoscow, ukuseka inkqubo efanayo kulo lonke ilizwe. Ngowe-1497, uMthetho (phantsi Ivan III) savunywayo. Ukungqinelana abalimi ilungelo lokusirhoxisa umnini-mhlaba lowo umda ukuya kunyaka omnye. Ngoku singahamba kuphela emva kokuphela komsebenzi asendle, oko kukuthi, kwiveki ngaphambi kosuku eSt George kunye kwiintsuku ezisi-7 emva. In epapashwe phantsi Ivan abangcangcazelisi (umfanekiso wakhe uvezwa ngasentla) Sudebnik 1550 igcinwe ilungelo 'output ". Yiloo nto Usuku ekunene eSt George kaThixo - ithuba lokufumana kude kumnikazi.

s mode ekhuselweyo

Igama elithi "command" lithetha "ban". Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich ngenyathelo Boris Godunov waza wamalela nabalimi ukuba afudukele kwezinye host enye ukuya koSuku eSt George ukuya kwenye. Kodwa akubi njalo, kodwa ke kuphela emva kweminyaka ethile, xa umbhali wadala le ncwadi, leyo thaca i-inventri ye-mali komhlaba kunye noluntu. Le kokuvulwa isimanga abalimi Russian. Ufumana oku kulandelayo esithi: "! Thabatha, ugogo, noSuku eSt George esithi"

"Iminyaka Fixed"

Noko ke, abalimi ayesenako hlukana benani. Nditsho ke ebukumkanini Fedor Ivanovich, ngowe-1597, umthetho wakhutshwa kwi minyaka umda ixesha. esizayo ekulihloleni abalimi eyadala kwakubhalwe kuqala. Wayeneminyaka eli-5 ubudala. Eli xesha ubizwa ngokuba "iminyaka amisiweyo." Ukuba ngexesha umnikazi zange ukufumana umlimi, hayi sasonjululwa lwezikhalazo kuluhlu yayo opick, baphulukana ngasekunene kwayo kuye. umthetho yamahlwempu obalekayo wabelwa kumnikazi omtsha. "Fixed iminyaka" asisebenzi kuphela abalimi taxpaying owafumana ngokwabo eziqhotyoshelwe emhlabeni iminyaka emi-5, kodwa abafazi abantwana ngaphambili zange afaneleke "iminyaka enga 'yabo. Kulo mzekelo, nayiphi na ukutshintshwa umlimi kwakujongwa abasabayo. Uye wenza ukuba ubuyiselwa kwipropati kunye nosapho.

Boris Godunov ibalwe irhoxisiwe eli xesha, kwakhona ukuchwetheza kuyo. Emva kwexesha elithile, serfdom wabhangiswa, kunye nabantu belizwe lethu bandilibele ukuba Day eSt George embalini. Namhlanje, asinguye wonk 'umntu na onokumxelela ngayo le holide. Noko ke, inkcubeko kwilizwe lethu, ntlokoma ayo aye alondolozwa unanamhla.

Ngoko ke, siye wawuphendula lo mbuzo: "? Yintoni koSuku St George kaThixo". Kwinkcazelo yale holide, njengoko nisazi, edibene igama St. George. Ke thina asenzanga sathetha ngalo engcwele kakhulu. Sicebisa ukuba ndimazi bhetele.

A Mfutshane Biography of George

Le ongcwele wazalelwa Beirut (Belit) kwi BC yesi-3. e. Abazali bakhe ngabantu abazizityebi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba amaKristu ngelo xesha batshutshiswa, baphakamisa unyana wabo kweli siko ukholo. George wayemhle, ukomelela ukhaliphe mfana. Njengoninzi oontanga bakhe, wagqiba ukuba nabo bafake izicelo emkhosini ukuya kuDiocletian, umlawuli, owayehlala ukusuka 284 ukuya-305 AD. e. Kungekudala kwamenza ngokubhekiselele kwindawo kwaye ngumlawuli uBukhosi baseRoma. UDiocletian, nangona kunjalo, amalungiselelo intshutshiso yamaKristu. Xa George ayikwazanga ukuma oku, balahlwa umlawuli sikweni kunye nenkohlakalo. Wathi yena omnye weenceke zakhe, ukanti George zamaKristu, kwakunye nabo babeziphethe uDiocletian. Kakade, esi senzo kwakuthetha ukufa ngenxa abafana onesibindi. Mbusi, qinisekisa akazange ongazishiyiyo uKristu, wayalela ukuba anqunyulwe intloko Georgy. Oku kwenzeka e Nicomedia ngo-303.

Day of Memory laseGeorge

kanye ngosuku lwe memory of George-George yi holide nje Russian. Yena kwezinye Iicawa Orthodox. Ukukhunjulwa lixhoba ukholo ijoni George, owayephila phantsi * uKhesare uDiocletian, isimbo esitsha ibhiyozelwa 6 Meyi. Ke kaloku inkitha yabantu Orthodox, umzekelo, i-South nokuxubana, George - umxhasi amafama. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba benze ukubulawa inyoka, umfanekiso kwi Moscow ingubo ingalo.

Ummangaliso Dragon

Ngamnye umele ukuba wabona umfanekiso St. George, ehleli ihashe elimhlophe spearing inyoka, bhija emhlabeni. Sibonisa isiganeko kwenzeka emva kokufa St. George. Ngokutsho legend, kufuphi nendawo apho wazalelwa ongcwele, e Beirut, yena wayehlala iinyoka echibini. Wayedla zayidla nabantu basekuhlaleni. Ukuze anelise iphango lakhe, abahlali baqalisa ukuzisa rhoqo ukuba kudliwa Umfazi okanye kulutsha, abanyulwa ngeqashiso. Iqashiso laphuma intombi yomntu omnye, owayelawula ndawo. Umfazi wasiwa edikeni, ibotshelelwe apha. Yena Ndandisoyika imbonakalo rhamncwa. Xa iinyokana uEliya wasondela kuye, kwathi gqi umfana ihashe elimhlophe. Wahlaba silo ngomkhonto, yaye ngaloo ndlela basindiswe intombazana. Kakade ke, lo mfana George, i-nkolo engcwele. Le meko emangalisayo, wamfaka aphelise ukutshatyalaliswa amantombazana namakhwenkwe ngaphakathi Beirut. George wajika kuKristu, abemi beli lizwe, abemi ogama ngaphambili ningabeentlanga.

Nemiqondiso ummangaliso Dragon

Eli bali kuthiwa Saint George kunye Dragon. Ukhumbuza iintsomi evela kumazwe ahlukeneyo amaqhawe amaqhawe woyisa rhamncwa. Kodwa uloyiso saint, nazo zonke izinto ezifanayo nawo, iye ngokomoya ngaphezu emzimbeni. Kungabi ithuba umfanekiselo uTshawe, ukubetha inyoka, ngokufuthi wachaza allegorically. Wawasindisa inkosazana imele iCawa, njengokuba inyoka ufuzisela ubuhedeni. Inyani yokuba waseGeorge kubonisiwe zikhwele emahasheni, kungekhona ngengozi. Libonakalisa uloyiso phezu "inyoka yakudala", oko kukuthi, uMtyholi lo. Uloyiso phezu inamba, kunye nento yokuba waseGeorge wayeyindoda ngu wobugcisa, waba isizathu lokubeka njengoko umxhasi isicaka onke.

uvuko enkomo

Kodwa ngaphandle kokubulawa inyoka yena behlonela yaye elinye. George kanye yahlangana ngendlela yakhe umlimi isisweli. Le ndoda yawa enye inkomo enye. George wambongoza uThixo ngomthandazo wakhe ukuba avuselele inkomo. Le lali ngayo uloyiso phezu inyoka ithuba umthandazo kule saint ucele ukukhuselwa evela ukulunywa iinyoka ezinobuhlungu ahlasele imfuyo, kwakunye nezilwanyana zasendle ngokubanzi.

Ukukhunjulwa engcwele

Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-10 eRashiya waba igama eqhelekileyo "uYuri" kwaye "waseGeorge". Yaroslav Mudry, unyana noVladimir, ebengabhaptizi eRashiya, yathiywa elubhaptizweni igama George. Jaroslav imbeko saint yayo umxhasi awayakhayo Kiev, eSt George Church, ibekwe Great Novgorod Yuriev Monastery nisekelwe kwidolophu lweBaltic ka Yuriev. Ibandla, ibekwe e Kiev (ingasentla), kumaXesha Aphakathi yatshatyalaliswa baza bakha izihlandlo eziliqela. Ekugqibeleni wayitshabalalisa kuphela ngo-1934. Namhlanje, malunga eli bandla kufana kuphela igama nasezirhangeni Kiev, kufuphi nesango Golden (St George kaThixo Lane). Namhlanje lo mzi St. George bobabo Estonia. Kuye igama e Tartu. Kwaye ibekwe Veliky Novgorod Yuriev Monastery (eliboniswe ngezantsi) liyasebenza namhlanje. Ngomnye ezinomtsalane eziphambili kulo mzi. Ngenxa kuye, abaninzi babantu bakuthi khumbula ukuba iMini lo eSt George kaThixo.

Ukumiselwa phezu imbali enikwe ngutitshala, okanye nje abanomdla izithethe kwilizwe lethu kwenza ukuba le holide? Siyathemba ukuba kuyo nayiphi na imeko uya kufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko. Loo nto Day St. George ngayo eRashiya, uthethe ixesha elide, kodwa siye sazama ukuba ukhethe kuphela iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.