Imbeko umntu ogama Commander Islands? Le hambo of Vitus wethu

Commander Islands i leziqithi, equka iziqithi ezincinane 4 ezinkulu ne-10. Bona akhiwe kumzantsi-ntshona woLwandle wethu. Le ibekwe kwi North wePasifiki. Sea kwimephu kufuneka kufunwe phakathi Ezomva kwimpuma Russia kunye US Alaska. Ngokutsho kwicandelo lolawulo, i Nqabakazi imi kummandla ena ye-Russian Federation. Bambalwa abantu bazi, imbeko kubo ogama Commander Islands.

kakhulu Bona uyahambelana inkcubeko Russian kunye baseAleut. I kunazo ukuyilwa wethu Island, esingaba evuthelweyo ukusuka emantla ukuya uhlobo ezantsi. It ine indawo ezikwere zeekhilomitha 1.660. Ekwenzeke kuzo ilitye le ezine Abantu bahlala kuwo. Abanye bahlala owayehlala Commander Islands. Russia has a lot of kwiindawo ezixineneyo eliphantsi labemi. Ezi ziqithi ngayo nje.

Kwidolophana Nikolskoye kwi wethu Island abemi abamalunga nama-700. Ukuya mpumalanga, kufuneka ukoyisa iikhilomitha ezingamakhulu ambalwa. Lo moya indiza Iiyure ezi-3, kwaye enye indlela ukuya phantse ndingekho. Ebusika, esi siqithi zayisithelisa ikhephu bebetha imisinga nomoya elomeleleyo. Xa nobushushu ehlotyeni ekholisa bendawo manqaphanqapha kuphela. Ikakhulu alawulwa imozulu imanzi, yenkungu, ngokufuthi isina. Lubonakala lutshintsho elibukhali kwiimeko zemozulu.

Kwiphulo lokuqala Vitus wethu

Yonke le nto yaqala kunye tsar Russian, ngubani "wavula i window ukuya eYurophu." Xa ungcwalazi wobukumkani bakhe , uPetros I yathatha inxaxheba ekudalweni amanyathelo ukuvula kwiindawo ezintsha ezisemantla nasempuma, kwakunye kube imizila kwi US kunye yamaNdiya. Ekuqaleni kuka-1725, ediniwe kwizifo kakhulu, tsar Russian ukuqulunqa izikhokelo kumsebenzi wokulungiselela "YaseSiberia uhambo", injongo eyayiza kufika Melika ngokusebenzisa North Sea unxweme isifundo nokurekhodisha ngazo apha emephini apho.

inkokeli umkhankaso waba Vitus wethu, ukuvulwa eya kuba kuhle kwixesha elizayo. Akhethe ukuba Dane wawa, ikakhulu ngenxa yalo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba ukufikelela elunxwemeni yaseMelika. Noko ke, yena ayikwazanga kugqitha lexinene, ogama kamva emva kwakhe, ngenxa koko wabuyela ngo-1730 e-St Petersburg.

Le hambo lwesibini Vitus wethu

Xa ikomkhulu i-Russian Empire Behring ingxelo kuhambo lwakhe kaRhulumente uAnny Ioannovny, kwakunye nophando omtsha abonisa isicwangciso, ekhala ukubaluleka kokufunda kwimimandla esemantla Siberia, ukuba abe nako norhwebelwano kunye North-West Melika kunye Japan.

Esi sicwangciso ixhaswa Umatiloshe Danish, nto leyo ukuphunyezwa kwayo linikezele ngenkxaso-mali ebonakalayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto Russia ndakutywina onke wethu wavula. inkuthalo Special ekuphunyezweni kwiprojekthi ziye zenza iNdlu yeeNgwevu, i-Admiralty kunye Academy of Sciences. Ngo-1732 kwakukho umthetho weNdlu yeeNgwevu ngomhla amalungiselelo ohambo ena yesibini. Weza ukuba eyaziwa ngokuba Enkulu Northern hambo. Le umthetho kwabhengezwa ukuba hambo yeyona zikude, kunye kunzima kakhulu, okokuqala ziyaphunyezwa.

Great Northern uhambo yaqala ngo-1733 kwaye yaphela ngo-1743. Emva kokuhlolisisa iziphumo oko ukufumana, imbeko kubo ogama Commander Islands. Hambo ibe ngamaqela 7, ezizimeleyo enye kwenye. 10 Iinqanawa indawo abantu 580. Imisebenzi ye unit nganye kubandakanya iimviwo kwangaphambili kuluhlu.

amaqela emisebenzi

Okokuqala Squad, eyayikhokelwa neerhuluneli Stepan Muravev kunye uMikhail Pavlov, langena indlela yabo Arkhangelsk. Wayemiselwe ukuba ukuhlola izowuni yonxweme phakathi Pechora kunye OB lip.

Iyunithi yesibini, obehamba evela Tobolsk, owawukhokelwa uLieutenant nguDmitry Ovtsyn. Kwakufuneka ukuhlola unxweme empuma Gulf of OB ukuya ekupheleni elingentla Taimyr Peninsula okanye Khatanga.

ULieutenant Vasily Pronchishchev wakhokela wona wesithathu, umsebenzi yayo ukuhlola elunxwemeni, kwintshona emlonyeni Lena. Kunye negosa Russian kwi swimming waya umfazi wakhe Tatiana. Waye waba libhinqa lokuqala inxaxheba kwiphulo ezibandayo.

Intloko wona yesine waba uLieutenant Peter Lasinius, emva kokufa kwakhe ophetheyo waqeshwa nguDmitry Laptev. Iinjongo zeli qela labaphandi zibandakanya isifundo kwimpuma, obususela emlonyeni Lena ukuya mihla wethu Strait.

Xa intloko unit yesihlanu ngqo wethu. Masiphinde yale ndoda kwixesha elizayo kuya kuba impendulo yalo mbuzo: "? Xa imbeko umntu ogama Umyaleli Islands". squad Fifth kukuhlolisisa ena kunye North-West Melika kunye siqithi ezikhoyo North Pacific Ocean.

wona lesithandathu phantsi kobunkokheli Martin Shpanberg kwafuneka ukufumanisa malunga Kuril Islands kunye nonxweme yaseJapan. Iinjongo squad wesixhenxe, ogama Academic, kuquka isifundo kwendawo lwangaphakathi eSiberia. Intloko yakhe wamiselwa UNjingalwazi Gerhard Miller. umsebenzi Abaphandi 'yaqhutyelwa kwindlela ngasese.

Fezekisa iqela lokuqala

Okokuqala Squad uchithe iminyaka 4 ifuduke Arkhangelsk ukusa emlonyeni OB River. impumelelo enkulu (xa kuthelekiswa noko wavula Behring), abaphandi khange kufikelelwe - iye yachazwa ngobulungisa kwindawo encinane elunxwemeni, Ugra ibhola kunye Matveev Island, Long kunye noMasipala. Oku kwenzeke ubukhulu becala ngenxa ukuvela nangokhwekhwe, leyo kukucheba amalungu hambo phantse ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yokuhamba.

Kwakukho iingxaki ingqeqesho phakathi oomatiloshe, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuba asebenzise isohlwayo esiqatha of mpatswa. Esi sikhokelo iqela lokuqala kwakukho ukungavisisani, kodwa ebusika labantu bendawo ezehlela ngempatho-forwarders imithwalo ngokusekelwe koko yaqala ukufumana izikhalazo. Emva koko kwabakho utshintsho lobunkokheli, umthetho qela laba Lieutenant Stepan Malygin, owathi kamva igqibe nomnqophiso iqela lokuqala.

Ukuphumeza iqela lesibini

Le hambo of Vitus wethu kwi kwinxalenye yesibini ye-unit wakwazi impumelelo enkulu xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokuqala. Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe, lo wona libutho igosa Ovtsyna ukugqibezela lo msebenzi, nto leyo enxulumene isifundo yonxweme ukusuka emlonyeni OB ukuya Yenisei. Emva kokufika kwiqela inkokheli St. Petersburg iye demoted emva kweminyaka emithathu ukususela ekuqaleni uhambo, ngokusekelwe isigqibo yezopolitiko. Yena nguye nolwalamano olusenyongweni Prince Dolgoruky, ngubani waba ekuthinjweni.

Emva koko, iqela lesibini iintloko zibe Fedor Minin kunye nguDmitry Sterlegov. Ebudeni bohambo yokuqala Minin wakwazi ukuya kuphela emlonyeni Yenisei. Kwandula ehlotyeni kunyaka olandelayo waya ngasempuma. Kodwa emva kokuphumelela eziliqela kwiziqithi ezincinane, senze ngumkhenkce, Minin wagqiba ekubeni ayeke indlela yakhe. Sterlegov komhlaba layigubungela umgama ukuya emntla-mpuma umlomo Yenisei River ukuya eKapa, apho kamva ogama emva kwakhe. Ena uhambo of squad yesibini Vitus ukukhumbula ukuba lo ekupheleni.

Noko ke, phakathi kweenkokheli ezintsha iqela lesibini bekukho iyantlukwano. Emva kokubuyela kuhlola owasungula isimangalo nto leyo yakhokelela Minin iye demoted ukuba oomatiloshe iminyaka emi-2.

Impumelelo ye-unit wesithathu

Wona libutho yesithathu ababe- "Yakutsk 'ephuma emlonyeni Lena yabamba indlela yayo ngasentshonalanga. Xa ke kufika emlonyeni Olenek, intloko iqela Pronchishchev kwagqitywa kwelokuba ndobudlulisa ubusika. Emva kwale squad kwaqhubeka hambo, soyise umkhenkce enzima. Ukufikelela unxweme i Taimyr Peninsula ivela empumalanga, abaphandi ngenxa ekungakwazini ukuqhubeka indlela emva emlonyeni Olenek.

Emva Pronchishchev ukufa 1736 waba yintloko kwecala Chariton Laptev. forwarders Freight bagqibe emdeni Taimyr Peninsula emhlabeni.

Impumelelo ye-unit yesine

squad wesine walahlekelwa zinabasebenzi ngenxa ezinokhwekhwe, owafayo ngenxa zentloko yakhe - Peter Lasinius, kwakunye namalungu 35 hambo. Inkokeli entsha nguDmitry Laptev, ngubani na ngempumelelo walukhenketha unxweme phakathi Lena kunye Kolyma. Phantsi kolawulo lwakhe, lo wona libutho yesine uye wenza umzamo ukuze kuthintelwe Chukotka Peninsula nokufikelela elwandle ukuya eKamchatka, kodwa watsho phantsi.

Impumelelo ye-unit yesihlanu. Ukufunyanwa kwe Commander Islands

Elesihlanu Iqela ekhokelwa wethu kwizikhephe iposi "St. UPetros "yaye" Saint. UPawulos "amabombo North America. July 15, 1741 okokuqala, lwafika udaba kumthetheli elunxwemeni "St. UPawulos "Alexei Chirikov. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva inqanawa yaya nemisinga phantsi kobunkokheli wethu. Ngenxa kwezikhukhula "St. UPetros "ndaba kwisiqithi entlango, apho umphathi umthetheli wabulawa ukhwekhwe. Yokungcwaba amalungu ofileyo hambo kwafunyanwa ngo-1991.

Ngoko ke, xa imbeko kubo ogama Commander Islands? Behlonipha Commander Vitus wethu. Kodwa ke wahlanganisa kuphela amagama ziqithi. Strait kunye noLwandle wethu kwimephu kumntla we-Pacific Ocean kwakhona kuthwala igama umphathi omkhulu.

Impumelelo amaqela yesithandathu neyesixhenxe

Ngenxa-odolo yesithandathu yesixhenxe yafunyanwa ulwazi luncedo kwi eendawo, zejoloji, intsimi ngenkcazo entla nasempuma eSiberia, kwakunye evulekileyo kwaye wafunda Kuril Islands kunye kumantla Japan.