The Republic of Nauru. A karhulumente ngaphandle ingqukuva. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo, ezolonwabo

Ihlabathi mhle, kungummangaliso kwaye akwazi ukwenza into yonke imihla. Ngokomzekelo, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba kwihlabathi kukho imfundo encinane-sasifunda zoluntu, ezilahlekileyo phakathi babeziindleko enkulu Pacific Ocean - republic lincinci ehlabathini of Nauru: kwikhadi wakhe wonke umthandi yejografi.

indawo

Ukuze abo banqwenela ukuba ukuzama phandle - zibonisa: kwintshona ye Oceania. Isiqithi lizwe zincinane ithatha enegama elifanayo "encomekayo" ubungakanani - kancinane ngaphezulu kwama-21 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Oku 75 (!) Times ezincinane ngaphezu kummandla London! Akumangalisi ukuba ayisekho ikho into elikomkhulu Nauru - siqithi nje yohlulwe izithili, nabo bonke elifutshane elide.

Esi sixhobo ekuqhelekileyo neekorale, kwizigidi zeminyaka, unyuka ezinzulwini. Efunyenweyo ngenxa yokusetsha elide, i-Republic of Nauru kwimephu ikhangeleka elimbhoxo aphakathi side (km 4 ububanzi km 6 ubude) yakhiwa kwicala - kuba Anibare Bay (East Coast).

IRose singqongwe a emanzini - amanzi aphantsi ubethwa, uze ke wena unako jonga kwi izixhobo wamajoni lokuQala nakoLwesibini yeHlabathi, nto leyo eye ubunzima intlekele apha. Lo mmandla ikakhulu tyaba - kwithafa hayi kude nonxweme.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kwisiqithi Nauru liphuma ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ngomyinge kweemitha 30-40. Ukuba uqikelelo ophambene kwezenkolo ngobushushu belizwe kuzaliseka, inkoliso yabo iza kuba phantsi kwamanzi - phezu komhlaba baya kuphela indawo eliphezulu siqithi (ngokwe kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, ubuncinane 60 kwaye hayi ngaphezulu kwe-71 eemitha).

ulwazi zembali

Ngokwawo, kwisiqithi Nauru inokushwankathelwa ngazwi linye ngamafuphi: ukubandezeleka. Imbali ilizwe elincinane ubonisa ngokucacileyo kumgama omncinane ngayo phakathi etyeni kabuhlungu.

Abantu baqalisa ukuhlala apha kumaxesha amandulo: 3 engamawaka eyadlulayo. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba kwakukho iqela yamandulo uhlanga kuzo kamva Obumbe Polynesians kunye Micronesians.

Ngelo xesha xa siqithi wafumana umphathi wenqanawa IsiNgesi, D.Firn (1798), oko kwakuhlala izizwe ezili-12, nto leyo wayengazi kakhulu sokumiswa. iintlanzi Nauruans emanzini ezingqongileyo, kulinywa enye iintlobo zalo (milkfish) kumanzi emhlabeni (kwintsimi kukho ichibi ekuthiwa Buada), coconuts ukhule yaye esundu kunye akwaze ngaphandle impucuko.

Firn eliNgesi, ngaphandle kokubuza ngokokubona kwabantu bomthonyama, ndisesiqithini ekuthiwa 'ezimnandi' waza washiywa kucingwa ukuba New Zealand, nto leyo eya kuqala. Ukususela ngoko waqalisa intlungu inzalelwane: elizayo weRiphabliki of Nauru yathotyelwa a uhlasela "phambili" phantse rhoqo. Ukuze uzenzele siqithi kwakukho baseYurophu, kunye nabo - nemimoya. Abantu balapha sele iqalile ukuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, "iziphiwo yempucuko." Part - banqunqwa, ezinye ukubulala nye yeemfazwe zembujiswano, umntu Uqhelene izifo ezintsha (kubandakanywa ngeentlobano zesini ..).

ulawulo yangaphandle

Ekubeni ilizwe encinane akanawo izixhobo ukuzikhusela bona, "abantu abamhlophe ezilungileyo" wamthabatha phantsi kwephiko lakhe. iimeko zokuqala bendawo abenza eNgilani, ngowe-1888 ezihlonyelwe siqithi amaJamani Ndandingonwabanga, ngubani wamnika Dzhaluitskoy ulawulo inkampani.

Noko ke, ubukhulu becala, akukho namnye wayenomdla ngokukhethekileyo Nauru - nemithi yesundu ukuze ukuloba yoqobo kunye iintaka abaqeqeshwe azikho yayithanda kakhulu yi ooKrebe zamashishini enkulu.

Le meko kakhulu xa siqithi wafumanisa iidipozithi natyebileyo phosphate rock - bade waba imbali yayo nempembelelo isigqibo. Xa kwacaca ukuba kukho into ukwenza imali, amagunya ukuba ube uwathathile kwangoko phezu Nauru: urhulumente lingenako basebenzise yobuthathaka zomnye, babe lo hegemon ehlabathini. Ngowe-1906, uhlobo siqithi baqalisa yatshatyalaliswa ngokucwangcisiweyo ngexesha imigodi.

I siqithi - ijoni eemfazwe ezimbini

Xa kwafika World Okokuqala, iqhekeza elithozamisayo, swi izimbiwa, singathanda ukuba abaninzi, kodwa ixesha lokuqala ukuya Australia (kancinci phambi Japanese, ngubani nje wafika emva kwakhe, kodwa kakhulu ixesha). Ngoko ke kwixesha elizayo weRiphabliki Nauru inxaxheba emfazweni lwehlabathi, iziphumo apho yanikwa uManyano Lwezizwe "phantsi nephiko" of Great Britain, Australia nase-New Zealand - babemele ukulawula esi siqithi kunye, kodwa inkoliso le misebenzi kucingelwa Australia.

Uphuhliso yokuphanga kwezibonelelo kwezimbiwa waba ujingi ngokupheleleyo, abe umninizo enempumelelo ngokwabo perepadalo kwemithombo yendalo inqabile. Bendawo baqhubeka ntimfa ubukho semi-oluphucukileyo, nzima utsalo ebonakalayo elulwalweni phosphate, kwaye ngoko ke imfazwe kwakhona.

Ekuqaleni amaJamani yezicelo siqithi, kodwa kwaba sekunjalo embi. Le sengxakini kunye yaseJapan, abo baye benza iphupha efanayo endala waza wayithimba Nauru ngo-1942.

Ukubonakalisa unya boyisa, akwaziwa ukuba kutheni, kodwa wabuyiselwa amawaka 1.2 kwabahlali ekuhlaleni kwiziqithi Chuuk, apho wafela phantse isiqingatha sabo .. Kuphela ngo 1946 Nauruans abasindileyo bakwazi ukubuyela kwilizwe labo.

umzabalazo njengembi inkululeko

Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ngowe-1946, wayalela ukuba aphile ixesha elide luManyano Lwezizwe. I-UN ngenxa bamkela wonke ummandla wayo umyalelo phantsi kwephiko lakhe. Amazwe-nakubagcini siqithi, ngoku ke Republic of Nauru, ngokufanayo ezalathelwe ngaphambili - ubomi waya njengesiqhelo.

Umnqweno inkululeko, inzalelwane baqalisa ukubonisa kwi 50. Lasekwa ngo-1927 IBhunga zeeNkosi yajika igunya lwasekuhlaleni, nto leyo unelungelo voti yeengcebiso kwi urhulumente. Ayinabantu, kodwa "nkqu kancinane kancinane, itispuni - oko kulungile."

Ngowe-1966 Nauruans imvume zenza esiLawulayo kunye neBhunga lowiso, kwaye ngo-1968 - uzimele-geqe. Akukho ingakumbi amelane.

ubutyebi crazy

Kwaye ngoko ke waqalisa iintsuku abonwabileyo kuba abantu balapha: i nezokukhupha iliwa phosphate yaba phantsi kolawulo Nauru - State wathabatha olukhawulezayo ubutyebi (kunye abemi balo). Kwi web walahleka ibali funny malunga nendlela intloko elilipolisa siqithi wathenga Lamborghini kuphela ukungqina ukuba akusayi ilingane kuyo (Kuyabonakala ukuba, nkqu Oceania ngokuphathelele umsebenzi lwemizimba zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kufuneka kakuhle-wondleke).

Akwaziwa ukuba oku kuyinyaniso na ibhayisikile, kodwa bomthonyama ngokwenene kakhulu kakuhle kulahlwa bawa phantsi phezu kwazo ubuncwane. Ayikho imizamo ecacileyo diversify urhulumente akazange athathe ingeniso, kuba leyo ihlawulwe.

Kuwa lamathemba

Flag Nauru imele panel blue yahlulwe ngomvumbo tye ebengezelayo. Emazantsi - uhlobo ecwebezelayo inkwenkwezi emhlophe, leyo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX lwehla. oovimba Mineral osemanzini phosphorite, ngequbuliso akafumana nto umntu ukuba enze siqithi Andifundanga; rod Fishing, kunye nezolimo, kunye necandelo lwenkonzo baba isanda zabo.

Melbourne ulingana amafu ukuba kanye ekule siqithi ombhabhamo obutsha. Ngo-2004, iflegi Nauru, kunye spire yayo kwafuneka zisuswe - urhulumente Kwanyanzeleka ukuba athengise isakhiwo ukubuyela yinxalenye yetyala yoluntu. Bebonke isiphelo sinye ezehlela nezinye izinto ezininzi (ikakhulu - Umhlaba nezakhiwo zawo). Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane, kwaye kwacaca ukuba Nauru - yimali.

Ukuzama ukuphucula imali ngokudala ummandla nonxweme akuphumelelanga - uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe ikhokelwa yi eUnited States thiki sinyamezele iprojekthi sasekuhlaleni imali ngokungekho semthethweni imvelaphi ethandabuzekayo - phantsi koxinzelelo amandla enjalo ohlonelwayo ukuba ingcamango imali lula ukunika.

Zinjani

Kwiinzame ukufumana imali siqithi musani ukuyeka nto: iilwimi ezimbi bathi iRashiya iye ihlawulwe Nauru ukuba ukuqondwa Abkhazia noMzantsi Ossetia. Balapho bamkela kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo zorhwebo, ukubhalansa phakathi China kunye Taiwan.

States ukuba abandakanyeke 1986, yesibini kwihlabathi ngokwemiqathango ye-GDP ngamnye, "nyebelele" ngomhla wama-160 ngowe-2014, kodwa into embi kukuba le meko iya isiba maxongo.

unit island Democratic imele epalamente eyenziwa "kangangoko" 18 ePalamente. Le ise kwiSithili Yaren - olu hlobo "elikomkhulu Nauru", unikwe ukuba uninzi ofisi karhulumente. Nezepolitiki abemi kakhulu (phantse kakhulu) ezisebenzayo :. amaqela ezintathu yezopolitiko amawaka 10 labemi - inani obukholekayo ngexesha zaqalwa ezazihamba unyulo sikamongameli ngo-2003, i-siqithi latshisa indlu yokuhlala amagunya kwaye kwiiveki ezimbalwa eshiywe ngaphandle nonxibelelwano nehlabathi elingaphandle.

"Big Brother" Nauru

Namhlanje le Republic of Nauru ekes ngaphandle kokuba kunokuba ulusizana, uzama ukufumana nangayiphi na indlela. Lo mthombo womvuzo - cash ukumnika evela Australia.

Ekuqaleni balapho wafaka iminyaka yakhe emininzi "umgcini" enkundleni - wawagxotha imbuyekezo okufanayo utsalo yokuphanga ye phosphate rock zodumo. Ngoku lizwekazi eliqhuba byi Nauru for iimbacu ibamba efuna ukufumana ulonwabo phantsi kwezulu blue Australian. Eminye imithombo barhanela ukuba aba bantu - nje abantu balapha, abo bahlawule ukuba ahlale phezu kwisiqithi yaye akazange afune.

Unxibelelwano Australia ngokubanzi uyaqina - ngokomkhamo ukuba nkundla iphezulu Nauru ithathwa ukuba abe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Australian.

amathuba Island

Yenza iinzame zabo ziye akubanga yimpumelelo. Bekuya kuba lula ukuba balobe - ubunzulu bolwandle neekhilomitha nje ezimbini ukusuka siqithi kweemitha ngaphezulu kwe 1000, kodwa kwizibuko Nauru "obhalisiweyo" izikhephe zokuloba ezimbini kuphela. Ezolimo becala unako ukukhonza kuphela abemi beRiphabliki. izinto ezimbi amanzi okusela - kwiiyunithi zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa desalted apho amanzi, badla ninganqeni, ngenxa yokuba kumatyala umbane.

Tourism, kakhulu, kukuba usaqala: Holidays e Nauru ayikho uyathandwa kakhulu, njengoko e Oceania kukho iindawo kakhulu ezinomdla kakhulu, ukususela oko ngengcamango, kunjalo ukhangela. isongo Local kule minyaka, "wayesebenzisana" kunye baseYurophu ulahlekelwe kakhulu. Izithethe sele ulibele, naliphi na inxuwa zamandulo okanye ezikhumbuzo, kakhulu, wemka.

Nauru nje kokuba ndakhe indawo yokuphumla

Nditsho Nauru yemozulu - uvavanyo esinzulu kuba baseYurophu: njengoko siqithi kubekwe phantse kwi-ikhweyitha (km 42 ngezantsi), kukho nokufuma kakhulu kwaye eshushu. Summer - imbalela, ubushushu phantsi 40 emini, ebusuku oko tsakisi "kakhulu" 30 - akukho womoya apha ngokubanzi musa asinde. umsebenzi ilanga yokuba ungafaka nkqu emanzini. Ngexesha lemvula, ngaphandle ukuba eshushu, kwaye emanzi - ngokubanzi, imozulu ukuze wonke.

Kodwa ke eyona sad - ukuba imeko esingqongileyo. Kuba phantse ikhulu kwemigodi phosphate cishe yonke indawo siqithi (90%) yaye ngobhongwana - umnakekeli lomhlaba lwaba ebizwa ngokuba .. "Landscape Lunar", apho kwemvelo lali- umhlaba. Ekubeni kungekho namnye ekhathalele ngokubuyiselwa kwezibonelelo zendalo, phantse yonke indawo - nezo imigodi, amawa, zitsho iliwa kwenkunkuma - apha zitsala umdla. Nauru ayilufumani ndidinwe ukucela imali ukuba inkqubo yokubuyisela eziphilayo. I-UN, apho urhulumente oselula encinane bafika ngo-1999, uzama ngandlela zonke ukuba negalelo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ke, loo nto ayizange ukufezekisa zempumelelo.

Ngokubanzi, e Nauru, ukhenketho ezo sele imfuno mad ngenxa yezi zizathu, phantse ukuzonwabisa omnye - ngokuloba elwandle sisikhokelo yasekuhlaleni. Fans bathi nto intle. Ungakwazi sasiqubha ungene kunye - emanzini ezilula ezenziwa kule Bay Anibare. Ukususela amaxesha ntle yangaphambili wahlala amadama kunye neenkundla intenetya.