Imbali ekuphuhliseni uluntu iinkcukacha kwi-Russian Federation

Ngowe-1999, le mfundiso saphuhliswa yi-Information Society Development eRashiya. Injongo yawo ukuchonga iindlela yokwakha inkqubo yonxibelelwano, izinto eziphambili, imiqathango kunye neemeko-nkqubo karhulumente kulo kwinqanaba yonxibelelwano. Uxwebhu kuhlala noqoqosho, ezenkcubeko kunye nezinye iimeko ukuze kwakhiwe lweziqalelo ngamnye nokuseka ubuhlobo babo kwisakhiwo qela liphikisayo.

Imbali ekuphuhliseni uluntu ulwazi

Yahlulahlulwe yaba izigaba ezine. On ngamnye kubo uluntu lube kwinqanaba ngokomgangatho entsha yophuhliso. La manyathelo ukuqinisekisa amanqaku Wajika lwe ubukho jikelele. Imbali ekuphuhliseni uluntu ulwazi yaqala ukubonakala yokubhala. Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni uvale esemgangathweni kuphuhliso yempucuko. Abantu babe nethuba lokufumana ulwazi ngencwadi ebhaliweyo, ukuba ayidlulisele ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo. Kweli nqanaba, naziphi na iindlela ngokomgangatho ezintsha kunye nokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nokuhlanganiswa izixhobo. Imbali ekuphuhliseni uluntu ulwazi izalana ngokusondeleyo yazo. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XVI. waqala kwisigaba esitsha apho kukho utshintsho nzulu inkcubeko impucuko, umbutho zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Yazo yenye iiteknoloji kwimbalelwano yokuqala. Abantu musa nje izixhobo ezitsha zokuqokelela, ulwandiso, systematization ulwazi. Ngenxa ukwanda kakhulu iimpapasho ngokuxabiseka kwenkcubeko baye ifumaneke ngokubanzi. Oku, negalelo self-uphuhliso esebenzayo ngakumbi kwaye nangenjongo ubuntu. Ukubaluleka eli nyathelo imbonakalo indlela ephuculweyo yokugcina ulwazi.

usesimweni kakhulu

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX oko yasungulwa umbane. Ngenxa kule kwakukho unomathotholo, yocingo nangefowuni. Le mali iya kuvumela ukuba basasaze ulwazi nawuphi na umthamo. Isigaba sesine linxulunyaniswa kokufika kweteknoloji isilawuli kunye nokudalwa computer. Endaweni ngohlobo lombane kwaye ngomatshini soguqulo data electronic weza. Oku kube negalelo miniaturization bezixhobo, amacandelo, oomatshini, izixhobo, imbonakalo kunye neenkqubo-software elawulwa. Imbali kuphuhliso loluntu yolwazi, ngoko oko kukuthi kakhulu yinkqubo elide eyaqala kumaxesha amandulo. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela loluntu wafumana indlela ukuphucula zabo ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, nto leyo yenza njengoko ikhompyutha.

Imeko e Russian Federation

Uphuhliso yoluntu lolwazi Russian Federation i esanda. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo siye saba ngokucacileyo bazi iindlela ngokwenene yaye imiqathango lokuqulunqa kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yonxibelelwano kweli lizwe. Uphuhliso woluntu yolwazi eRashiya ekuthethwa ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Oku kuthetha ukubambelela i States kunqandwa 'kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano lwehlabathi. Ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi yokomoya eziphathekayo ulwazi kwenza ukuba kuphuculeke ubomi ephucukileyo abemi bayo, iimeko eziyimfuneko ukuze kuphuculo ngamnye, ukuchuma kwezoqoqosho. Urhulumente kufuneka azibandakanye amagunya kuphuhliswa nxaxheba elilinganayo kunye ukulondolozwa ukuzimela yayo kwezopolitiko, amasiko kunye nobuwena yesizwe. iimpawu eziphambili kunye iimpawu, kwakunye indlela yophuhliso loluntu ulwazi kwi-Russian Federation uya ekugqibeleni kuyilwa phambi kokuphela kwekota yokuqala zenkulungwane yama-21.

iimpawu

Ukuphuhliswa kobugcisa bolwazi kunye noluntu lolwazi kwi Russian Federation kufuneka sikhatshwe nge:

1. Ukwenziwa indawo yonxibelelwano elimanyeneyo kweli lizwe njengenxalenye yenkqubo lwehlabathi.
2. inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo ngurhulumente ukuhlanganiswa koqoqosho kunye yolwazi ezizweni, imimandla kunye neentlanga kwezoqoqosho.
3. Ukuvela Ulongamelo kamva ezintsha paradigms zobuchwepheshe, ngokusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni elikhulu iinkqubo ixesha elide, imithombo BT kunye zonxibelelwano.
4. Indalo kunye nokuphuculwa nolwazi lwemakethi kunye nolwazi njengezinto onemveliso ukongeza iimarike kwezibonelelo zendalo, inkunzi kunye nabasebenzi.
5. Ukomeleza indima kweziseko lonxibelelwano kweli sikhokelo yemveliso abaninzi.
6. Ukuphucula umgangatho wemfundo, elezenkcubeko, yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe ngokusebenzisa nokuxhotyiswa kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano ngokwamanqanaba yehlabathi, yengingqi kunye nakuzwelonke.
7. Ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo esebenzayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba amalungelo zamaziko yezentlalo kunye nabantu ukufikelela, ekulusasazeni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwedatha luluntu njengoko iimeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo nokulawulwa ngokwentando yesininzi.

Zonke iinkqubo zophuhliso kwinkalo yeenkcukacha kwi Russian Federation kufuneka lwenzeke ngendlela inxaxheba oluqhubekayo kunye nenkxaso karhulumente.

ngumba

Kokusungulwa computer - hayi ngexesha lokugqibela uphuhliso. uluntu lwazi ugqitha kwizigaba ezininzi, ogama ixesha nesantya iyahluka. Imfuneko yokuba utshintshwano ngokomgangatho entsha endle yonxibelelwano ibangwa ukutshintshwa uhlobo isiphumo NTP ubomi babantu. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX izinga ukutshintsha kobume nelobugcisa mveliso, iinkonzo zobuchwepheshe kunye neemveliso, ulawulo lwezi nkqubo liye landa kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, okanye phakathi kwenkulungwane, ezi nguqu zenzeke phakathi amathuba ixesha ubude kakhulu lingaphezulu iminyaka yokuphila kwezizukulwana 1-2, namhlanje la maxesha zehla kakhulu. Akulula xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba kwinqanaba ngalinye ezilandelayo lukhatshwa utshintsho oluphawulekayo yokuphila uninzi lwabemi, imodeli lwezentlalo nangokwasengqondweni yokuziphatha ngokubanzi.

Jikelele nayo zonxibelelwano

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo eRashiya endiyibumbileyo izinto ezithile ukuba kungathathwa nje ngumba oyimfuneko ephambili ekubeni uluntu ulwazi kweli lizwe. Ezi ikakhulu ziquka jikelele kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano. kutshanje ngcaciso imfutshane njenge kuphuhliso lwezakhono zoluntu. Oku kusetyenziswa obungaka ukuba efana nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo zemveli (izinto, amandla njalo njalo.). Ngoko ke, eli lizwe lifikelele kwinqanaba lezikolo kuphuhliso lolwazi uluntu kwixesha elifutshane ixesha.

market ngocingo

Iingcali qaphela ukuba lenzeka, kwaye ziphuhliswa ngendlela eyiyo eRashiya. Nangona yokudodobala kwezoqoqosho, ziye ngokwandisa fleet ikhompyutha, olukhawulezisiweyo ekuphuculweni iindawo kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano. Lidla ngokunzima liyanda inani kothungelwano lwembumba kunye nabasebenzisi lweenkqubo zehlabathi ezivulekileyo. Great eRashiya, inani abasebenzisi Internet. Ukongeza, ukuba babhiyozele ufakelo ngempumelelo besebenzisa iifoni zikarhulumente, ukwandisa imarike iindlela zonxibelelwano yeselula.

Strategy for Information Society loPhuhliso lwaBasebenzi kwi-Russian Federation

Iinjongo eziphambili endle yonxibelelwano kunye yonxibelelwano:

1. ukuhlanganiswa eli lizwe, bayisa uluntu ehlabathini. Oku kufuneka ubonakalise ukwanda okubonakalayo umgangatho wobomi wabemi, uzinzo kwezentlalo nezopolitiko kurhulumente lonke.
2. Formation of bume ulwazi phambili kweli lizwe.

Kwixesha elizayo yenguqu kufuphi inkqubo yonxibelelwano entsha kufuneka lubonwe iimeko yokungena eyimfuneko imeko zentlekele yoqoqosho ekhoyo. Strategy for Information Society loPhuhliso lwaBasebenzi kwi-Russian Federation, kubandakanya ukwenziwa nokuphunyezwa Unezixhobo ukoyisa ngempumelelo iingxaki ezithi zenzeke kule yokomoya, intlalo nopolitiko ubomi. Formation of bume wonxibelelwano izenzo njengomba yokuxubana ezingqondweni zabantu abasemhlabeni amaxabiso humanistic kunye nezithethe zesizwe. Ngokomgangatho inkqubo entsha kufuneka abe isixhobo i zokuqinisa urhulumente, ezentlalo kwaye ilungelelanise umgangatho wobomi kwimimandla yelo lizwe kwezoqoqosho.

inxaxheba ngamandla

sigaba sophuhliso uluntu Ulwazi ngempumelelo xa ingekho inkxaso evela kurhulumente. Urhulumente ludlala indima enkulu eqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo esebenzayo ukuyilwa inkqubo yonxibelelwano enobunye. State:

1. Luphinde umsebenzi nxaxheba abohlukeneyo kule nkqubo informatization.
2. Inika ukuphuculwa kwamaziko entando yesininzi kweli lizwe.
3. Igcina iindlela ezopolitiko, ezomthetho nezoqoqosho elawula imisebenzi ye-nxaxheba.
4. Yenza sikhokelo zolawulo, iindlela kunye neentlobo ummiselo yolawulo, awaneleyo iimeko banamhla nokukhuthaza ekungeneni investment, ukuphuhliswa ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo.
5. Ibonelela inkululeko yokuzikhethela lemibutho zoshishino abanomdla kuphuhliso imveliso kunye nokwandiswa kurhwebo lwasekhaya.

Xa kungekho karhulumente kweendlela olusebenzayo mali ukuqinisekisa inguqu kwinkqubo enye, isicwangciso sophuhliso kwinkalo yeenkcukacha liphunyezwa ngokuthi kwakhiwe-sikhokelo esemthethweni olawula ubudlelwane kwicandelo yonxibelelwano kunye connectivity.

Izixhobo zolawulo

Strategy for Information Society Development eRashiya unika imeko indima yempela loo tshintsho luza kwenzeka. Kuba lo rhulumente:

1. Ihlasela abadla bodwa, ulawula xiyimiso ubumnini ishishini ngeengcingo osasazo.
2. Inika yobuchwepheshe ngokusemthethweni ilungelo loluntu lokufikelela kwizibonelelo ulwazi kunye neenkcukacha zoluntu, ukhuselo data zobuqu, ukwenza abantu ukuba ukunika ukuhlaziywa rhoqo kwaye yandisa uluhlu lweenkonzo zonxibelelwano.
3. Umsebenzi ukomeleza nenkcubeko yabantu ngamazwe samanyathelo, silwe ulwazi kunye nokungena lenkcubeko kumazwe angaphandle, oluqhutywa kumajelo eendaba kunye nothungelwano ezivulekileyo, inegalelo ukuba uyayilondoloza yesazisi lizwe, abenzi-nkqubo inxalenye Russian ye Internet.
4. Oqinisekisa inkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo, kungakhathaliseki bume nokusasazwa data.
5. Ngenjongo usebenzisa nonxibelelwano ukunikeza abahlali kunye nabasemagunyeni zencoko.

into ebaluleke

ukwakha isicwangciso ulwazi uluntu kufuneka ze esebenzayo kunye nenkxaso yengqondo oluntu. Abemi kufuneka uqondakale imisebenzi yayo inkqubo kunye nezibonelelo ezisisiseko. Abemi kuyimfuneko ukuchaza orientation kwezentlalo yenguqu. Abantu kufuneka baqonde imfuneko yokuba kwakhiwe uluntu ulwazi ngokomgangatho elitsha. Ukulungiselela le njongo kufuneka ukuzithethelela uzise kuluntu ngokusebenzisa amajelo eendaba. Ekuphumezeni sicwangciso kufuneka ithathele yesizwe akhawunti kunye namava ngamazwe, ngokutsha iindlela ekujoliswe inkqubo ye-yokulungelelanisa izinto kwinkalo yonxibelelwano kunye connectivity. Yonke imisebenzi kufuneka abe umlinganiswa elidibanayo, ekhokelwa yi-Union of ezahlukeneyo iiprojekthi zorhwebo zeziko.

isiphelo

Esi sicwangciso inophawu supradepartmental uhlanga ngokubanzi. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ilungelelanise imigudu bonke abadlali inxaxheba kule nqubo lwehlabathi. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ukubana iziko eli lizwe ukuba kwimida ethile. A inxaxheba ebanzi amagunya kamasipala yengingqi ekuphunyezweni kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano ekujoliswe kuzo.