Ikhabe kwi polycarbonate greenhouse effect. Ukukhulisa iivatala

Ivatala - an berry emangalisayo kunye emihle, ukunyibilika emlonyeni yintlama wakho opholileyo mnandi ukuba siyathandwa wonke, abatsha nabadala. Kwaye ngoko ke baye bafunda ukuba likhule ngempumelelo kwi ezinezinga zinzima zemozulu le Urals kunye eSiberia, ngokufuthi sithwele ileyibhile ommandla kwezolimo yingozi. Ikhabe kwi polycarbonate greenhouse uyekile ukuba ezintsha kunye ngempumelelo zivuthwe. begadi abanamava badla zigxininisa elula yemixoxozi. Ngomhla nezo greenhouse kulinywe ezinemizila amaqunube eziluhlaza kuxubusha ngayo kweli nqaku.

Indlela yokutyala ivatala kwaMba

A uphawu ngokukhethekileyo abamba ukulinywa ivatala abeke iinkalo le nkcubeko. Ivatala - ekuqaleni a osemazantsi, photophilous yezityalo eziyinzalelwane kwentlabathi eshushu entlango. Ngokwendalo, ubushushu nokukhanya ke ayikwazi ukuba awukho, ngoko ongcolileyo zokulinywa yemixoxozi kufuneka zifakwe kule ndawo, esibanekile apho kungekho ematyholweni, imithi okanye izakhiwo, uphose nesithunzi. Kwiindawo ezisemantla kunye nokungabikho oluqaphelekayo ukukhanya bendalo, ichaphazela uphuhliso izityalo ezisebenzisa ukukhanya ezongezelelweyo okwenziwe: ngokuba medium size zokugcina 6 * 3 * 2 m engekhoyo izibane ezine LB-40. Ezityalwe izithole Ivatala ngo-Apreli, kungenjalo amaqunube abaqolileyo akayi kuba nexesha.

Ukuba greenhouse ukulima akufuneki silibale ukuba ivatala akubanyamezeli ngaphezulu (60%) ukufuma kuba imozulu eyomileyo - kodwa isiqalelo lwabo lweenkobe. Ngoko ke, umoya ngamaxesha of zokugcina - imfuno lethuba amaqunube enemigca yokukhula okuphakathi imozulu. Nge Ivatala inkathalo efanelekileyo abamba eSiberia zikhule kakuhle, zivuthwe elishweni ekuqaleni, kwaye ukuvumela isiqulatho iswekile labazalwana babo kunye nevatala.

khetha ibakala

Asingabo bonke ngokufanelekileyo ukulinywa greenhouse ivatala. aqolileyo ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko ezinjalo kuphela iintlobo zokuqala iivatala. Lwalo efanelekileyo iya kuba ukhetho regionalized, t. E. Ukulungiselelwa neemeko zemozulu yengingqi yembewu. Ngokuthenga imbewu kufuneka akhokelwe ngomhla kwemveliso yawo. Ku waphawula ukuba inkoliso 'afreshi' imbewu isiqhuma ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibe ngcono. Ukongeza, isithuba greenhouse, abanalo ixesha zivuthwe iintlobo ezinkulu-fruited. Ngokukhawuleza abotshelelweyo ugcwalise ivatala naphakathi kunye. Xa polycarbonate greenhouse ukukhula ngempumelelo enesiqingatha ukuya kilogram-ezimbini isiqhamo iintlobo "ukukhanya" kuvavanywa, "ultraranny", "YaseSiberia", "Cinderella", "isipho emntla" kunye nabanye abantu. Namhlanje, ngxilimbela ezininzi zivela kwisithuba izityalo elifutshane. Ukukhulisa ivatala luqala izithole yokutyala.

Indlela ukuze ulime iivatala

Ubude "zilinywe 'ixesha, umxoxozi - iintsuku 25-35. Ngokusekelwe kule xesha, ebalwe umhla disembarkation ye izithole kwindawo osisigxina ongcolileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba izithole kule ngongoma iye kwi nqanaba intumekelelo, akazange ukuphuhlisa okanye hayi buthathaka kakhulu. Ngoko ke, onke amanqanaba msebenzi kufuneka wenziwe kakuhle. imbewu Ukuhlwayela ngokuqhelekileyo kuvelisa phakathi ku-Apreli.

Ukwakhiwa emhlabeni izithole ngu: umhlaba igadi, wamatye isanti ratio 1/1/3 kg. Kulo mxube zafakwa iinkuni polstakana uthuthu-10 g potassium sulfate. Ezityalwe izithole Ivatala kwi amandla lilonke ayikho kuyimfuneko, ngokuba esikhondweni kwaye ingcambu ludubule zibuthathaka kakhulu, kwaye isityalo kusoloko ngokukhuselekileyo basuswe yeposi jikelele. Izikhongozeli eyahlukileyo kuya kuthintela isithombo kumaxhala nokuququzelela lwenkohlakalo.

Njengoko ivatala - a iimbiza nenkcubeko enkulu kangangoko ukuba izithole kufuneka ubuncinane-10 cm ubukhulu ubude.

nokulungiselela imbewu

Phambi Ukuxhelwa imbewu ukutyala lwenziwa ngokususa balala emqokozweni (eyomisiweyo okanye yonakele). Baye babekwa kancinane emanzini ngetyuwa (1 hr. L. / 0.3 iilitha) kwaye wahamba kumphezulu, r. E. angakulungeli lokutyala isusiwe. Imbewu iye kuhlala ezantsi - imbewu ngokupheleleyo. Emva ukulahlwa kwabo ihlanjwe, kwagxila isiqingatha seyure kumxube ezibuthathaka yemanganizi, wabuya ndahlamba. Ukukhuselwa ngcono kwizifo kunye imbewu ukuntshula ziphathwe nge biostimulant isisombululo (umz "Appin", "Gold"), ukuthobela xiyimiso ngokungqinelana amalungiselelo manual luhlonyelwe.

imbewu okulungiselelweyo Etyelwe zeendawana. Nceda lula nokuntshula kwembewu indawo "ulele ngecala." Zabo bangcwabe 2-2.5 cm, amanzi kunye izithole ukufukama emaqokobheni okanye polyethylene bambelelani ifilim ukudala bume. Iqondo lobushushu lomoya egumbini izityalo elizayo kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi 22-25˚S. Emva ukuntshula, isithombo film isikhongozeli isusiwe yaye ekhwele iibhokisi kufutshane nje window. ukhanyiso Unqongophalo sisilela umthombo ngumntu.

Ukukhulisa thombo

Ilayithi ivumela izithole ukuhluma asizoluli kwaye buthathaka. Kukho eminye imithetho ukuba bagcine ukuba ngexesha ukukhula izithole:

• kwizikhongozeli izityalo abatsha efakiweyo ukuqhela enye kwenye, ekubeni izityalo amagqabi akazukuyibamba omnye komnye;

• 2 kwiiveki emva ukuntshula ukuntshula izithole wondla isichumiso kuntsonkothileyo;

• ulungele zokutyala tswele kuthathwa amagqabi okwenyaniso 3-5.

eyigesi ukupheka

Ivatala ayakhula entle kakhulu kwi polycarbonate greenhouse effect. Le izinto enemisebenzi lubonise kakuhle ngokufanayo ezikhulayo melon kunye nezityalo solanaceous. Ekubeni ivatala ziye kungenamiqathango ukukhula amahlumelo esisigxina phezu trellis, wamvusa phezulu ngokwaneleyo, owona mongo osisiseko yobukhulu ke ubude abamba, apho kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-2. Ngokukhula imivumbo zimiliselwe trellis. Iziqhamo, afike ubungakanani-apile, wambopha igridi eyahlukileyo, kwaye nokuphuhlisa esithubeni, ngaphandle kokonakalisa yokuphuma feed. Ngenxa yoko, omnye ivatala kwi gases namadlelo kuzisa ezimbalwa iziqhamo ezivuthiweyo kwisityalo ngasinye.

Lungisa ongcolileyo yemveli: emthonjeni womhlaba onke amalungu isakhelo ukuba iyeza nesisombululo lwe sulfate yobhedu okanye umxube Bordeaux, abathintela uphuhliso kwezifo kunye ezinzwaneni.

ukulungiselela umhlaba

Ngaphambi sikhula njani yemixoxozi kwaMba, umhlaba kulungiselwe bona. Ngokusesikweni, ukuze yenze imisebenzi eyimfuneko aqhubeke kuwa: kwakulungiswa umgquba ibolile (20 kg / m ² 1), iziciko yemifuno nemifanekiso. Ukukhulula izinto zomhlaba eziyimfuneko zokwenza umgquba-humic, ukuphucula ubume bayo. Per 1 m ² yenziwe emphandeni elikhulu lesanti lomlambo kunye-10 g nitrophosphate kunye superphosphate kabini.

Kunye ivatala kwi ongcolileyo zikhuliswa kunye nezinye izityalo, ezifana umxoxozi, nightshade, t. E. Uthanda ukuba ukukhula kweemeko ukufuma eliphantsi.

Njengoko yinxalenye yeemfuno abeke phambili ivatala greenhouse ukulima - ukhathalelo umgangatho, ukhuseleko ngokuchasene kuneqabaka nezolo kunye kwesithintelo elinyanzelekileyo inani leziqhamo kwi etyholweni.

izithole ukutyala

izithole elungisiweyo Etyelwe abamba, xa amaqondo obushushu bomhlaba ubuncinane 14-15˚S. Kulo mzekelo, ingongoma ekhulayo apical musa aliqhawule ngaphandle izityalo. Ekubeni Ivatala - izityalo ezinkulu, ngokutyala izityalo ngaphezu ezimbini square metre nganye ayikhuthazwa. I algorithm ukutyala elandelayo: ukutyala imingxuma ngesisa wankcenkcesha, ke isuswe ngenyameko kwisikhongozeli izityalo, umngxuma, yabeka uphawu phezu komgangatho womhlaba ukuze esikhondweni kwasekwa jikelele nesisu yokuqala, elikhusela emanzini. Sityala zokugcina eziqhaqhazelis kwi izibuko ezibonakalayo kuqala bhanya ezongezelelweyo. Ngoko ke, Ivatala kwi gases Urals kunye neminye imimandla epholileyo ukuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqale ukukhula.

Care of izityalo

Kumxholo iswekile ikhabe iphezulu ukuba ukukhula kufuneka umhlaba ofumileyo kunye nomoya owomileyo ezishushu. Culture akuvamanga wankcenkcesha, kodwa ngesisa, uqikelele ukuba yokunyakamisa esikhondweni. umoya rhoqo le zokugcina ukuze kulondolozwe ukufuma ngokupheleleyo. lobushushu ngosuku ihlale kufuneka igcinwe kummandla + 24-30 ° C ebusuku - + 18-20 ° C. Njengoko usongo a snap ebandayo phezu izityalo ukuseka ixesha eliqingqiweyo yaye wambu ngezityalo.

Ikhabe kwi polycarbonate greenhouse lula ukuba akhule phezu trellis, iyilwe nguye ngokuyimfuneko. I nkqo central Isiqu twine avunyelwe. Susa amahlumelo 2 icala eliphantsi njengoko balala emqokozweni - amablom obufazi kuvela kubo kakhulu emva kwexesha ukuze ube nako ukuvuthwa. Ukulandela 3-4 ehlangeni iqhotyoshelwe ukuba trellis ngapha nangapha ihlumelo engundoqo kwaye ubukele ngokusondeleyo xa amablom obufazi zikhule, aliqhawule internodes zabo 2-3 ngasentla. Kuphendula ukuvelisa iintyatyambo eyindoda ukuya 6-7 node isusiwe.

Kuqheleke inani leziqhamo ngalunye

Ekubeni iziqhamo ivatala inani elikhulu amaqanda aye nganye ezinga malungu abantu. Le nkqubo iza kukhawulezisa ukusekwa wentlahlela yaye kuphucula incasa yawo. Umthwalo eliphezulu kuba phambi ubunzima 4-5 1-1.2 kg zeziqhamo ngasinye kwisityalo ngasinye.

Ngexesha lonyaka, umhlaba ozithukululeyo ngokuphindwe 5-6. iziphumo ezintle ezifunyenwe mulching kunye wamatye nokondla ukumnika mullein (01.10 L). kwiiveki 2-3 phambi kokuphela ekhula zokunkcenkceshela lonyaka wayeka. Ngenxa yoko kukho ukwehla kwiinkqubo ekukhuleni kwandisa isiqulatho iswekile kwisiqhamo.

Eli nqaku kunika uluvo lokuba indlela ukulima kakuhle ivatala, ezinye izenzo zezolimo kunceda ukukhula isivuno esihle le isiqhamo esihle emazantsi kwi ezinezinga enemozulu lizwe.