IEDs (ingathengwa): inkcazelo, ixabiso. Sniper Rifle IEDs

Xa irekhodi iingalo USSR iisampulu ezimbalwa, yenziwa umzekelo engaqhelekanga. Ezi ekunokuthiwa esenzelwe ngokukodwa iimfuno zemikhosi ezizodwa izixhobo. Le umpu sniper IED abantetho isisiXhosa. Kuyinto phantse kuphela elolu hlobo. Nangona kunjalo, asimele na kuthi ukuba unganeengxaki. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko kuyimfuneko ukufumana ukuba yintoni le umpu liyifumene intembeko imikhosi noko umi phakathi kwabanye.

Imbali uphuhliso

Emva ukwamukela umpu eqhelekileyo ukuba SVD sniper osithelisayo, kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba uninzi ubude alusoloko lula ukuqhutywa edabini. Ukongeza, iingalo elide akusoloko bekhululekile kwizithuthi. Umzekelo, kwindawo encinci ngolo hlobo okanye moya BMP kuya kubakho ukuphazamiseka kuphela. Xa kokufika iparashute SVD ngokubanzi aphumayo kwisingxobo ukunqanda ukulimala shooter.

Njengoko imikhosi nangona bathe baba lanelisekile ukuchaneka nokuthembeka SVD, kodwa kwakufuneka izixhobo lula ngakumbi yaye compact, ngo-1977 i-khuphiswano lwaqaliswa ukuphucula SVD. Omnye wemiba ephambili ukuba ebekwe phambi abayili ibe kukunciphisa ubude kwezisombululo uhamba yokuqala polozhenii.Odno okuphakanyiswe yi nabaqambi i Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant. Basithwesa SVD lempundu ukusonga. Le ukuguqulwa kuthiwa SVD-C. Ngenxa yoko, le ngxaki kuye ngokupheleleyo ingasombululwa, kwaye ukuba zothutho kwezixhobo kuye siyiqhele, yiloo ubude dabi nangoku ayikatshintshi. Ukuze ekugqibeleni ukuzuza iziphumo ezifunekayo, umyili LV Bondarev wacebisa ukuba isigqibo sokuqala - ukuze sifeze SVD scheme efanayo "Bullpup". Imbonakalo yokugqibela umpu zazifumanayo ngo-1979, xa iisampuli yokuqala, imipu waziwa ngokuba IEDs (Dragunov SVU) zaveliswa. Ke kwabakho isithuba iimvavanyo ixesha elide, nto leyo ezaziqhutywa ngayo Tula indize Division, kunye umpu yabo ngempumelelo, kodwa ke inkokheli wayengekho ngokuziphatha ukulungele ukusebenzisa i sixhobo engaqhelekanga enjalo. Ngaphezu koko, lo umpu seyihlatywe amadlala, wachaza iziphako kuphela ngaphandle Ngokubhekiselele ukufaneleka izixhobo. Ngokwenene ingathengwa serezno baqala ukusebenzisa kuphela ukusukela ngo-1991, yaye ngoko, kuphela xa iyunithi eyodwa "Vympel" wagxininisa kwimveliso mass. Ekuqaleni, bonke afohlela zaveliswa ngenxa yotshintsho warehouses ezikhoyo SVD.

I yokuqala ingathengwa maxesha ehlabathini kwenzeka ngo-1993. Waza wongeza wathi, kwaye kungenzeka lomlilo oluzenzekelayo kunye neleta egameni A. Nakuba kunjalo kamva, ngowe-1995, xa Ebongozwa amagqala yemfazwe e Chechnya, leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, i IED waya ngembeko, yaba uphuculo yesibini. Ngoku bokwakha ukuba kongezelelwe bipod kunye nesihloko yongezwe kwi leta S. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, kuyimfuneko ukuba yayikukutshintsha indlela senyanga, ingakumbi ekuphunyezweni inkangeleko mihla yokutshintsha iindlela omlilo. Kuxhomekeka amandla bawurhuqa 'umnyele, ukudubula isixhobo okanye kuqhume esinye okanye kukhule. Esi sikimu ngoku asetyenziswe iisampuli ezininzi.

okwangoku,

Ngoku IEDs - a umpu, apho iveliswa hi mpimo lowutsongo kuphela iintswelo imikhosi ezizodwa ze-FSB kunye Interior Ministry of the Russian Federation. Lilonke ekhutshwe akukho ngaphezulu kwe-10 iwaka izixhobo, nto leyo eyenza kube kakhulu inqabile. Le umpu yaxhobisa kuphela amaqela ukubetha imikhosi ezizodwa. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba imisebenzi ebekwe phambi IED isithethi, oko kwenziwa kunye umpu SVD-C, kangangokuba kuya kwenza umahluko ekusetyenzisweni akukho. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe kwakhona ukuba APC akukho kumazwe njenge izixhobo imikhosi ekhethekileyo, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle umpu Russian ukufumana naphi na.

Iimpawu design

Ekubeni IEDs AC - umpu, enziwe kwi "bullpup", ukwamkelwa entanyeni ukugcina kunye nendlela aqala zabekwa emva adubule. Esi sikimu kungenzeka ukuba kunciphisa ubude iyonke iingalo 1225 mm (ubude SVD) ngendlela eyamkelekileyo - 900 mm. Ngaloo ubude umphanda wanciphiswa 100 mm ngaphandle umonakalo zokulwa kunye neempawu zokusebenza. Ngokubanzi, abaninzi baye waphawula ukufana le umpu ukuba omnye umzekelo ngempumelelo kwamaxesha nkqu Second World War - zixhobo paratroopers German FG-42.

Imisebenzi esizisebenzelayo

VCA - ingathengwa kusetyenziswa isiseko esizisebenzelayo obhobhozayo kwegesi isimiso yazala. Inkqubo mqambi SVD - Dragunov, abolekwe AK, nangona kwakusazeka ukuba Kalashnikov akazange inxaxheba kuphuhliso umpu.

Ngokubanzi, phantse lonke uyilo lathatyathwa umpu umzali - SVD, kwaye oku - iinkcukacha mechanism ukudutyulwa le, inkqubo itshixa, receiver, Automatic. Ukongeza, le umpu ivumela utolo nomlilo kwindlela oluzenzekelayo. Oku kubangelwa kukwanda kwi ubude isantya shutter. Nangona kunjalo, a umpu sompu, lokudubula ngathi automaton - izikhali ludale, kuba ulawulo umlilo kwimo oluzenzekelayo kufuneka ibe ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Kwaye ke iCartridge esetyenziswayo inamandla kakhulu, nto leyo enokukhokelela kokutshatyalaliswa iiyunithi umpu. Xa cocking isando akuthethi uncouple bar asibambe le kubhenca, nto leyo ebangela edubuleyo kwi-self-timer emva shutter ibuyiswa kwindawo phambili, wamzalela itshixiwe. Ukongeza, uyilo umbayimbayi luquka ngumguquleli okhethekileyo, nto leyo eyenza intshukumo adubule.

esiqwini

Sesiqu IED kakhulu omkhulu ngaphezu SVD. Xa umenzi wayo usebenzisa izixhobo ophezulu-ngqo. Channel 4 iqulathe umphanda rifling (ekunene-sasekhohlo), inyathelo 320 mm. - On ekhaleni lakhe isixhobo eyodwa lenza imisebenzi emininzi eqhotyoshelweyo ungayibophi waziqhekeza-compensator, flash suppressor, sinker, banciphise imbuyekezo kunye nokungazinzi yomqeshi, kwaye ukuhambisa iziko womxhuzulane esi sixhobo phambili. Ukongeza, ifowuni atyhutyhela imimoya kwi umphanda ukuze umthamo shot liye lancitshiswa nama-150 dB.

Ulwazi kwakhona ibonisa ukuba IED kunye enziwa stovolom SVD eqhelekileyo ukuba kube nefuthe elihle ngokuchaneka, kodwa akukho bungqina ngayo ayikho.

headset

Njengokubamba ngompu yenziwe lweplastiki ophezulu ifuthe kwaye igcinwe kufuphi kumbindi nondiliseko umpu. Kuba lula yomlilo, umzekelo, ebusika, unogada aqala yanyuswa ingakumbi ngesandla gloved. Kwakhona, ngenjongo lula, lo yomfumani i "esidleleni 'ekhethekileyo, eyenzelwe ukuxhasa entloko eqhotyoshelweyo. utshintsho Nekotoyre zenziwa kunye linings umphanda kunye forend. Bathi, nangona, kwaye wathathwa SVD, kodwa ngokunxulumene intshukumo emehlweni phambili baguquka.
Ngasemva yomfumani uba imfuyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, anamathela umthombo-zilayishwe imbasa ekhethekileyo umva. Yena, efana zengalo, le Buze 'izidlele "kunye linings ezenziwe polyamide. Ekubeni kwiziko umpu xa womxhuzulane itshintshile - ngoku kukufuphi umqheba ulawulo lomlilo, lwaye yentsalela umpu ngendlela eyakhayo. Bamba umpu obutofotofo ngaphezu SVD efanayo.
Bipod yenzelwe zokudubula ukusuka kwindawo ngezisu, bangakwazi rotated ngokusebenzisa kwiihenjisi kunye nentonga olulodwa, nto leyo emibonweni ikhuseleke phambi yomfumani. Wajika axis awo kunokwenzeka zombini ukuya ekunene izidanga malunga 90 ngasekhohlo. Ngokwabo bipod - uhlobo owawusisibonakude, wavumela iindlela ezine uhlengahlengiso ubude, ukuphakama ubuninzi - 320 mm.

Food and nezikhali

Njengoko umpu umxhasi sompu IED usebenzisa zombini rhoqo iimbumbulu 7,62 mm neekhatriji sniper ezizodwa 7,62h54 R.
magazini ingathengwa ibamba rounds-10 ukuya kwi-30. Oku kunokuba ivenkile wexesha elizeleyo SVD kunye ezintsha isampuli 20-ngeenxa zonke. Kwakukho nengcaciso ngophuhliso kwimagazini ngeenxa zonke-30, kodwa abazange iqinisekisiwe.

Okubonwayo

VCA AC - umpu, nto leyo zixhonywe standard PSO-1 target. Kodwa, kuxhomekeke kwimeko ulupwa kwi ingathengwa ukucwangcisa iinketho ebusuku - NSPU kunye like. Ke zona izinto mechanical - ezi abayili bashiya ulise kwi Standard kumacandelo, ezifana SVD wenza emehlweni abasemva kunye diopter adjustable. Diopter mavonelo ngaphambili ezinyuselwe amanqwanqwa yokusonga, leyo kwandisa ukuthembeka kwaye ugcina umonakalo emehlweni. Shoot abangaboni ngoomatshini kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokususa yokukhanya.

Le umpu-manani ngokwanelisayo lomlilo - kumgama 100 m ndizishumayelayo mm hayi ngaphezulu kwe-70.

ongakhetha zokuzenzela

Njengoko gun airsoft okanye umpu Ukuzingela ingaqhelekanga. SVU - umpu, airsoft into eninzi. Ngaphandle koku, imbonakalo yayo ukuboleka ekwenziweni iinketho airsoft. Ewe, kwaye malunga nokuthengiswa simahla kwi kwimarike zokunxiba ayikwazi kuba intetho, kuba zona iintonga impukane - phantse ngasese, oku kusebenza kwi IED. Umpu, ixabiso apho ilingana kwimivuzo ezininzi - ukuba kubiza kakhulu ukuba umntu avareji.

iimpawu technical

• Ukuvuleka - 7,62 mm.
• Njengoko iCartridge esetyenzisiweyo - 7,62h54 mm R.
• izixhobo Ubunzima:

- VCA kunye VCA A - 4.4 kg;
- SVU AC - 5.5 kg.

• Izinga lomlilo (imo ezenzekelayo) - 650 RDS / min.
• yokuqala yesi Isantya bullet - 830 m / s.
• Ubude - 900 mm.
• Kwagcinwa ubude - 520 mm.
• Zokutya - ibhokisi umthamo lowu kwemijikelo-10.
• Abalibona lomqolo - 800 leemitha.
• Uluhlu eliphezulu - 1300 m.