Oleg Efremov: engobomi, ubomi yakho

Udlale indima enkulu ezininzi enkulu yemidlalo cinematography entsimini. ababukeli Ubuninzi zonke izizukulwana ungazazi nje ubuntu bakhe, kodwa sicaphula ezinyengxelo yazo. Kuyinto umphandi ehlekisayo nangokunyaniseka boletus "Balumkeleni Car" kwaye likhupha nje charm yohlobo ibonwe Sasha kuzo zonke melodrama ngale nemipopulari plyuschihinskih kunye zawo nqununu uGqr Aibolit ... Ngokuqinisekileyo, bonke elithekelelwayo ngubani iqhawe eli nqaku. Kakade lo Oleg Efremov, ogama engobomi iqulethe kukodwa eninzi izibakala umdla.

ubungqondi yobuntwana

Enye edumileyo yiSoviet abadlali, abalawuli, wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 1, 1927 endlini enkulu zoluntu kwi Arbat. Best abahlobo ebuntwaneni ayemancinane Olezhka Sergei Shilovsky (njengonyana Mihaila Bulgakova, umbhali) kunye Sasha Kaluzhsky (ukulungela ukusebenza, unyana Basil, weqonga). Esengumntwana, umdlali elizayo Oleg Yefremov, ogama engobomi bekusoloko nomdla ukuba abalandeli italente yakhe, ngokufuthi watyelela Nashchekinskaya Lane, endlwini Bulgakov. Nokuba ngaphandle kokwazi indlela lucky yena ukuthetha nomntu omkhulu onjalo, wazama ukuqonda yonke emoyeni yokudala ezikhoyo apho. Ngelo ubudala, xa athe weza kutyelela, inkwenkwe akakafiki ukufunda nayiphi na imisebenzi Bulgakov kaThixo. Kodwa ekuhambeni kweminyaka, siye saba ixesha ukonwabela isimbo buvele kunye namabali entsonkothileyo eqongeni Efremov ubambe imisebenzi emininzi zombhali.

Yonke iminyaka izifundo zesikolo olwenziwe eVorkuta, Oleg Efremov. biography ngayo ngelo xesha yongeza inyani uthando nale bomi nkampu, ngenxa yokuba uyise ndandisebenza zimali kwi Gulag.

Kaloku, molweni, MAT!

Emva kwemfazwe, i Efremov oselula bagqiba ukuba iimviwo kwi Moscow Art Theatre School. abantu abaninzi kakhulu ulutsha lufune ukufunda kwisebe ebambeleyo, ngoko ke khuphiswano enkulu entle. Kodwa hayi esimnyama ubuhle eliqaqambileyo elinesibhozo inkwenkwe nangoko wayithimba yikomiti yokhetho kunye nexesha lokuqala olu khuphiswano yaqhutywa. Nje fantastically unethamsanqa ukufunda kule khosi, apho wayefundisa Basil Toporkov - ebalaseleyo umlawuli umboniso eSoviet kunye zolinganiso, kunye Mihail Kedrov - esiyibona eSoviet umlawuli yeqonga.

Ngoko ukuwina entwasahlobo ka-1945 i-Efremov oselula uba umfundi. Kunyaka wam wokuqala, ukuba axhatshazwe iimfundiso ezingundoqo Stanislavsky omkhulu, kukho abafana ezimbalwa wathabatha isifungo ithembekile inspirer yembono, nokolula ngokuthembeka kwalo ngegazi lakhe. Phakathi abafundi nabo waye iqhawe ibali lethu.

glavrezh entsha

Oku ukusuka kanye ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe, Oleg Efremov. Biography, ubomi lobuqu yale ndoda aneziphiwo aphuma ukubonakala yokuqala kwikhusi kunye namanyathelo okuqala eqongeni yabangela umdla wokwenene eluntwini.

Abekuhambisa idayari umfundi, nto leyo kanye wabonakala engaqhelekanga ixesha, kwaye ingxelo nokuba sibe wamaphupha; wabhala ukuba Moscow Art Theatre, nguye umlawuli omkhulu. Enye ibinzana wayeziqonda umntu - waya ubugcisa, ukuba abe yinkokeli apho, hayi ngenye indlela. Kodwa emva kokuphumelela, lo mfana zange nokuba wabetha Moscow Art Theatre njengoko ngaphezulu. Kuba naye, kwaba ngathi bafile! Kodwa Yefremov akazange anikezele yaye bafuduka Theatre i Central yaBantwana.

Eqongeni

Phakathi kwezi ndonga, Efremov Oleg Nikolaevich, biography leyo amaxesha Soviet, ngokufuthi wabonakala kumaphephandaba ezahlukeneyo, ndafumana indima enkulu. Yaba imveliso "abahlobo bakhe" (yi uViktor Rozov), apho umlinganiswa kwaEfrayim Volodya Chernyshev. Ngenxa iphambili lomdlalo, yoyiswa ezintliziyweni kubabukeli abaninzi. Oleg njengokuba nangako ngokunyanisekileyo wadlala, akukho namnye ababekho akazange abone kuyo umdlali. Wonke bambona phambi kwakhe umfundi njengesiqhelo.

Emva kwexesha elithile, le nkundla iye yaphinda yathandwa kakhulu. Eqongeni yayo Efremov wanikela ubomi kubalinganiswa ngaphezu mabini. Nomdlali Oleg Yefremov biography eqala umdla omkhulu nababukeli abaya imidlalo kukuthatha kwakhe rhoqo, umbane kwakufuneka bazalwe e Ivan le Msweli kwi "Humpbacked Ihashe" kunye Pretender ukusuka 'Boris Godunov. " Njengoko waphumelela - akukho mntu ke uqondayo. Kodwa ke Umphumo waba, njengoko bathi, izicacele.

Le nkampani yokuqala

Efremov akakafiki sabhiyozela unyaka-30 (it was 1955), xa self-kwango comedy musical ebizwa ngokuba "Dimka Invisible", ababhali kuzo Vadim Korostylev kunye uMikhail Lvovsky. bt njengomlawuli kwakungekho ngempumelelo ngaphantsi kwe bt njengoko omdlali.

Ngelo xesha, a izangqa theatre iye unfashionable kwaye enesithukuthezi ukusingatha indlela Stanislavsky. Kodwa Oleg, usakhumbula isifungo umfundi nokuba isiphelo sobomi othembekileyo kuye, wayefuna abantu ezifana-nye phakathi abafundi Moscow Art Theatre School. Ngapha koko, ekupheleni izifundo zakhe yaye emva kokuphumelela, wahlala apho njengomfundisi, yaye abafundi wamphatha ngobubele kwaye ngembeko enkulu. Yaba abo baba amalungu yokuqala qembu kamva Wadudumisa kwilizwe lonke "Contemporary".

Igama le nkundla sigwetyelwe 100%: eqongeni wavuka iingxaki embi kakhulu. Udlala ukuba bafakwa eqongeni zaso imisebenzi zababhali banamhlanje: Vasiliya Aksenova, Alexander Solzhenitsyn kunye Aleksandra Galicha. Phakathi kwezi ndonga alawulwa kuphela ubomi unxibelelwano kunye nabaphulaphuli. Le nkundla zange nokuba abe kwekhuselo.

Kokufa yamaphupha unesibindi

Nangona isibakala sokuba Oleg Efremov wayesele umlawuli we yeqonga, yena wahlala kunye omdlali. Ewe, nguye lo ivayolin lokuqala kwezi ndonga, sichaza indlela kunye nolwalathiso wenzala yabo, kwaye abanye maka baba reflection yakhe (ngendlela elungileyo). Kodwa kofika we-1970, kwaye iphupha Oleg Nikolaevich, kuboniswe kanye phezu amaphepha kwidayari, akusekho nje njengephupha, umfundi oselula: wacelwa ukuba le Moscow Art Theatre umlawuli yokuluka. Ngoko ke, ngenxa ithuba ewela umbundu netempile ka Melpomene Oleg Efremov. ngobomi bakhe uthi ubomi zolinganiso ekugqibeleni kube njengoko kanye ukhulelwe.

Kakade ke, inyaniso kwaba kubi ngokupheleleyo, njengoko ndacinga ngaphambili. Yemidlalo ise ekuweni kweqonga, yaye xa kufikwa ulwimi mihla, Oleg Efremov lalimiselwa njengomphathi ingxaki. Wagqiba kwelokuba lo msebenzi kuya 'kakuhle' ukuba yonke inkampani "Contemporary" uya kusebenza naye Moscow Art Theatre. Kodwa wavuma ukuba aphendule kuphela Evgeni Evstigneev. Kwathatha ixesha elithile, intloko omtsha yeqonga walakha, wabuyela ukuba isesebuqaqawulini bayo bokuqala. Efremov bacenga ukuya Tatiana Doronin, Aleksandra Kalyagina kunye Innokentiya Smoktunovskogo.

Ngokuthe ngcembe, le nkampani iye yakhula Arts lukhulu Theatre ukuba zonke iindima hayi bafumana naziphi na. Ezinye sihlandlo sexesha, le meko kwaqhubeka de inkosi isigqibo sokuba lahlula yemidlalo yeqonga. Ngoku Efremov waba yintloko yaseChekhov Moscow Art Theatre.

Intlekele enkulu Oleg Nikolaevich waye iindaba ukufa zolinganiso awayezithanda - Innokentiya Smoktunovskogo, Keshi, kukangaphi ngokuba ngayo. Emva kwale ilahleko Efremov wabeka isiziba nje omnye sisezindongeni indalo yakhe - "Oodade ezintathu". Walishiya Moscow Art Theatre iminyaka emithandathu emva Smoktunovsky ngokuya emva kwakhe. Ithiyetha ngaloo mihla eTaiwan tour. Ababukeli, abo banqula italente iinkosi enkulu, bawuzisile ubungqina intlonipho umntu-lakwaEfrayim, uEfrayim, noEfrayim, umdlali-director iintyatyambo ezininzi kangangokuba Chamberlain kwendlela ndiye kulwakhiwo Moscow Art Theatre yavalwa le ntaba aqholiweyo.

Negative buchopho wendlela

bt Film Efrayimi kwenzeka ngo-1955. isimilo sakhe yayibonisa Komsomol inkokeli Alexei kwi melodrama "ezintlu kuqala." Umlawuli we vhidiyo wadlala ngokwakhe uMikhail Kalatozov, nto leyo nje embalwa kwiminyaka kamva wathabatha imbasa d'Palme Cannes 'Okanye "blockbusters" Le cranes Ngaba Flying. " Emva kokuba indima yokuqala womzobo obonisa Oleg Nikolaevich endinonelele abaphulaphuli phantse unyaka wonke.

Zonke abalinganiswa bakhe zahluke ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa Efremov wayedlala kangangokuba ababukeli babeqinisekile ukuba zonke iimpawu obekwayo mlinganiswa yakhe umdlali ngokwakhe. Wayethanda zonke umqhubi weteksi Sasha of "Imimpampiri ezintathu kwi Plyushchikha" kunye Mxim boletus of "Balumkeleni Car." Sasa wayexhalabile, nenkathalo, empathic. A boletus - inyani, womelele, enobulungisa, ipolisa yokwenene eSoviet. Ezi ziimpawu ezintle ukuba bazise kubalinganiswa zabo Oleg Efremov. ngobomi bakhe iquka ulwazi olunomdla: yokuqala UEldar Ryazanov wayefuna ukunikela kuye indima Yuriya Detochkina, kodwa meko Detochkin ezithambileyo kakhulu, indoda ezolileyo, yaye yena ngokwakhe Oleg ngexesha kulingo nako ukubonisa ubuqhaji bakhe unothanda. Ngoko Ryazanov lumkile kwisicwangciso sokuqala: Detochkin wadlala Innocent Smoktunovski, uEfrayim waya kumfanekiso Podberezovikova umphandi.

Ukanti ke akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhumbula lokuqala kwezi bhanya. Old-ubomvu wamxelela ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba beyiseke Pakhmutova ukubhala soundtrack ukuba "Topolino" film. Kodwa xa wabona kuzimele ebanjwe ngegama imeko kwi emotweni apho Doroninoj Heroine zivuma, uTshawe Oleg Nikolayevich wamphulaphula kuye ... amehlo akhe, wakhangela ngokungathi ezinzulwini yomphefumlo, ndothuka kangaka yaye wamnika iphefumlelwe Alexandra Nikolaevna, ukuba umculo aqukuqelayo evela eminweni yakhe phezu keys nepiyano, mna esibuhlungu kakhulu. Kwaye ke episode uye waba ngomnye enamandla kakhulu yaye okunene kulo lonke umboniso.

uthando lokuqala nobuhle lokuqala

Bonke abahlobo, usapho kunye hayi okuninzi kwaziwa ukuba omnye abadlali zezona ngcali zinetalente kunye nabalawuli zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini indoda yokubonisana kakhulu. Ewe, yena wayengekho uyinzwana ekwahluleni elamkeleke jikelele ngobuhle oyindoda, ukanti charm yayo nayiphi na umfazi kwaye akwazi ukumelana.

Oku umdlali kunye nomlawuli Oleg Efremov. Biography impilo yakho, abantwana - konke oku ukuze waqokelela ndawonye ezenzeka ebantwini, le nto ekucingelwa ukuba akukho ngandlel uwucandile. Kodwa abafazi ebomini bakhe baba kude kancinane. Baba iphefumlelwe wakhe, uxolo, ithemba lekamva. Ngamnye kubo ukuba wahambisa ithemba zolinganiso Oleg Yefremov. Biography, impilo yakho le ndoda onesiphiwo has a lot of neenoveli, yaye nkqu iintliziyo ezaphukileyo ababhinqileyo okukhulu.

weza uthando lwakhe lokuqala olukhulu entliziyweni yakhe esikolweni. Intombazana ekuthiwa Tanya Rostovtseva. Wayesele junior yakhe iminyaka emibini. Oleg wazama ngandlela zonke ukutsalela ingqalelo Tanya, umzekelo, belahla window wakhe umntwana pacifiers, apho pre-wagalela amanzi. OngumRoma, engagwetywanga naxesha ukuqala ngenene, yaphelela ngephanyazo xa omnye wabo bawela ingono of obozhe yakhe kumakazi. Kwaye Tanya Rostovtseva, xa wayekhulile, watshata indoda elungileyo kakhulu - kaYuri Nikulin.

Xa umfundi e Moscow Art Theatre Studio School Oleg nangoko ndathandana intombazana entle kakhulu - Irina Skobtseva, kodwa apha elinde ukuba amashwa; icela ukuba enye, aye enxulumene Isiphelo sakhe.

umfazi wokuqala. umonde wakhe kunye nonxunguphalo. Kunye nezinye ladies ...

Njengoko yaliwe umfazi intle, Efremov waba elide. Wazijika eceba bakhe neclassmate yakhe Lilia Tolmachev. Kungekudala kulandelwe isindululo umtshato, yaye wayithabatha. Yena wayemthanda ngokunyanisekileyo lakwaEfrayim. Ngelishwa, umtshato waba siphila ixesha elifutshane, yathatha iinyanga ezintandathu kuphela. Umdlali uba ikuba entsha - Margo Kupriyanov, ngumdlali weqonga ekhombisa Dima ekusebenzeni kwakhe abonakale. Ke ukuba umfazi oselula ekukrexezeni wayeza kukwazi ukuba anixoleli nina, ngoko ngandlel uzame ukuqonda ukuba nomdla lomfazi iziselo ezinxilisayo nje akugqiba kuye. Lilia Tolmachev ukunyamezeleka, kodwa ixesha elide ayizange ibe imikhosi ngokwaneleyo. Ke wakhumbula ukuba Oleg Ndandingekakulungeli ukuba ulwalamano lwentsapho, phantse yonke imihla wafika ekhaya enxila kunene. Mhlawumbi babeselula kakhulu, mhlawumbi, lakwaEfrayim, kwafuneka ndiqale ndizibambe kunye. Kodwa kakhulu emva kwexesha. Emva koko ke ngokuphindaphindiweyo yazisola Walikhumbula ke umfazi wokuqala kuphela eshushu, amazwi amnandi.

Enoba yayiyintoni na, kodwa ixesha elifutshane kakhulu emva komtshato Oleg waqonda ukuba layo kakhulu ukanti omnye umlingane. Yaba umfazi omhle kakhulu, prima CDT Antonina Eliseev. Yena wayeneminyaka engaphezu kwama-10 ubudala kwaye utshatile. Umyeni wakhe inganga kakhulu handsome, eyayibulindile Ibhinqa, wawisa phezu ngezinyuko ebhotwe crystal yezihlangu. Efremov kodwa akaba nako ukumelana iimvakalelo zabo ...

umfazi wesibini nezinye obozhe

Ngenxa esandleni lula Galina Volchek ngo-1955 yaba wakowabo kunye (civil) umfazi wesibini Irina Mazuruk. Yena waye umzukulwana pilot polar eSoviet Union. Le ntombazana ethe ndandiselula ngaphezu isithixo yakhe njengoko neminyaka esithoba ubudala, waba 19. Kodwa ke, nangona kwasebuncinaneni bakhe, emagxeni akhe babesele umtshato. I-ofisi lobhaliso Young akazange ukuhamba, kodwa umshado nangoku badlale. Kule ntsapho, yena wazalwa intombi Efremova Nastenka. Kodwa nabamazibulo akuzange kumthintele uyise ukumgibisela nhla ochaphazelekayo kuzo zonke abadlali kwindawo yokubonela.

ewunyatheleyo Oleg Efremov. Umbhalo, inkosikazi lo inkosi enkulu umlinganiselo indlela eyahlukileyo kuba lo mntu ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo obomi bakhe. Mhlawumbi ngenxa ubuqhaji bakhe, mhlawumbi ngenxa misebenzi yakhe. Kodwa ke inyaniso.

Enye inoveli, eyathatha ngaphezu konyaka omnye, kukho Efremova Nina Doroshin (khumbula Nadya ukusuka K / f "Uthando, namahobe"?). Kwakunzima ulwalamano ezinde, ekhubekisayo kakhulu Irene. Wada wagqiba ukwamkela ukuthandana kwabantu abathile wayeyoliswa kakhulu, kwaye ngaphambili njalo ebacekisile. Ukanti Oleg washiya intsapho. Kuba Mazuruk yaba yintlekele enkulu, waze wazama ukuzibulala. Ngethamsanqa, kuba ikwazile ukugcina. Kwaye Ndakhulela ngaphandle Iintsomi ubawo wam ebusuku Anastasia Efremova, intombi ka-Oleg Efremov. Biography of inkosi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ahlanganiswe neziganeko ezitsha kunye izibakala.

A ubuhlobo Doroshin yayifana iyaguquguquka roller. Babelana izihlandlo ezimbalwa, kodwa emva koko wabuya weza kunye. Doroshina Akwazi ukutshata Olega Dalya. Kodwa Efremov bawuphanga mbhiyozo, esiza emva esithi yonke into umtshakazi uyamthanda nangoku kuye. Kwaye oko kwakhokelela ngqo ukusuka emsithweni. Ingqumbo yeminyanya mntu wabonisa njani ukuba buhlungu, nokuba nzima. Nje yanyamalala zonke iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ke ukubonakala esidlangalaleni kwakhona, yaye baziphatha ngokungathi kwenzeke nto. umtshato ngazo kuphela emva kweenyanga ezithile.

kakhulu mna nomdlandla Oleg Efremov. Biography impilo yakho, abantwana - konke oku uyoyiswa licandelo elinye, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukwahlula ubunye.

I 'irekhodi track "Olega Efremova baba abadlali abadumileyo zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini - Anastasia Vertinskaya kunye Irina Miroshnichenko. Ezi iinoveli nabo kunokuba elifutshane, nangona Vertinskaya wayenethemba ngokwenene kuba ngakumbi; nokuba wenze ukulungisa entle indlu Oleg Nikolaevich kwaye bunikelwe impahla entsha. Kodwa mna ndakwamkela kuphela umlawuli we intliziyo, yaye Starring yeqonga yakhe.

umfazi wesithathu. umshado okude

Oleg Efremov wakwazi isigqibo ubudlelwane bexesha elide yaye baqalisa ukucinga ukutshata emva kokudibana kunye ingxubevange Pokrovskoy. Ngowe-1962 ukuba kubanjwe emtshatweni wabo. Le Alliance kubomi lakwaEfrayim kakhulu yimpumelelo yaye elide ke ubukho kangangeminyaka elishumi. Kodwa nale umfazi Oleg nako ukumelana banobuthathaka kancinane: yena cwaka wambetha ulwalamano naye kunye nabanye abafazi. Yonke iminyaka ukuhlalisana Alla wazama nazigqibo yokungathembeki nomyeni wakhe. Sekunjalo, umonde wakhe wayengekho ongapheliyo. Wagqiba ekubeni umtshato.

UMikayeli, unyana ka-Oleg Efremov, ogama engobomi ngoku ivuyela ukuthandwa efanayo njengoko ngobomi bukayise, yena wazalwa kule emtshatweni. Waba omdlali, kakhulu. Esengumntwana, uye wazama isandla sakhe, wasebenza kwiisethi umboniso noyise yakhe edumileyo.

Arts bazahlulela bonke oonyana Oleg Efremov. ngobomi bakhe kunye neminyaka eli-16 emva kokufa ababukeli abanomdla kunye nabo nangoku ukhumbule kwakhe yokubonela. Unyana kaMikayeli, Nikita (umzukulwana iinkosi ezinkulu) Libuye Melpomene. A intombi Anastasia - umhleli oyintloko lowu yeqonga "isiva Boulevard, 10", koko, oko ngumququzeleli wemithendeleko yeqonga.

Ngoko waphila ubomi bakhe Oleg Efremov. Biography, ubomi bakhe lobuqu embhoxo bhuqe: anemibala njengabantu ukutshintsha, ukuqeshwa, iziganeko ... Njengoko kusoloko enye into: uthando iphambili ebomini bakhe belisoloko yokubonela; kuye, yena lonke ixesha lakhe, amandla kunye namathuba.