I Cold War. lwalukumanqanaba alo kunye nesiphelo

"Imfazwe Yomlomo" yaba wamajoni wonke, ngxabano neAfrika kunye noqoqosho phakathi eSoviet Union kunye United States of America , exhaswa namahlakani ezahlukeneyo macala onke. Le ngxabano yathatha phantse elinamashumi amahlanu (ukususela ngowe-1946 ukuya 1991).

"IMfazwe" ayikho idabi yasemkhosini ngokwengqiqo emitsha. Isiseko imbambano yaba ngcinga iintlanga zimbini ezinamandla zehlabathi ngelo xesha. Le inkcaso abaphandi kwachazwa ngokuthi ukuphikisana enzulu kakhulu phakathi yali kunye nenkqubo yobungxowankulu. Kuyinto ifuzisela yokuba i "imfazwe lokulayita" waqala ngoko nangoko emva Second World War, nto leyo ikhokelele mazwe omabini sele abaphumeleleyo. Ke ehlabathini ngelo xesha yayisonganyelwa lo monakalo, wadala iimeko kokufanelekileyo ukuba utyhalelwa kwiindawo ezininzi yayo imodeli yolawulo ngabantu. Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, eUnited States eSoviet Union ngelo xesha hlukile izimvo zabo, ngoko kwicala ngalinye ongathanda ukufumana ngaphambi umchasi baze benze kwintsimi enkulu, apho abantu babengazi ukuba yintoni na ukukholwa nendlela yokuphila ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukusasaza indlela yabo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu baphinde ithi kuya kuba uphumeleleyo yelizwe kwaye ziwutyebisayo ngezibonelelo zazo loluntu kunye nelendalo.

Le ngeziqu sahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba "IMfazwe", zezi zilandelayo phakathi kwayo:

- eKhaya (1946-1953 gg.). Esi sigaba ingachazwa njengelinge waseUSSR kunye US yokubamba isiganeko yokuqala eYurophu, nto leyo mayibhekiswe ideology i Ayanda. Ngenxa yoko, ukususela ngowe-1948, sele esasiphezu ihlabathi ithuba imfazwe omtsha, ukuze zombini urhulumente waqalisa ukulungiselela ngokukhawuleza amadabi ezintsha.

- Ngomhla ngaseludinini imfazwe yenyukliya (1953-1962 gg.). Ngeli xesha, ubudlelwane phakathi iqela ngcono kwaye bade baqalisa ukwenza utyelelo ngobubele omnye komnye. Kodwa ngeli xesha amazwe aseYurophu nganye nganye kuqale revolution ukuze ukulawula ilizwe labo. USSR ngenkuthalo ukuze kupheliswe kudambe waqalisa aseMelika impi. I-United States wawungenako ukuvumela loo evuselela utshaba kwaye baqalisa ukuba alungise inkqubo yabo umoya yokuzikhusela. Ngenxa yoko, ulwalamano kwakhona yayisiba.

- isigaba ekubhobhozeni (1962-1979 gg.). Ngeli xesha, wangumlawuli kumazwe alwayo beza ngaphezu endala abangenzi ngokukhethekileyo abafuna ukubuphila ngeziqu esebenzayo, nto leyo enokukhokelela kakuhle ukuya emfazweni.

- A elilkunyeelayo lokuba ngxabano (1979-1987 gg.). Inqanaba elilandelayo yaqala emva eSoviet Union wayikhupha imikhosi ku Afghanistan inkqonkqoze izihlandlo eziliqela ngenxa moya angaphandle civil ukuba yabhabha phezu karhulumente. Ezi zenzo nodlame nimqumbisa US ukuqinisekisa ukuba baye bahambisa zabo izindululi ngexabiso kummandla kumazwe amaninzi eYurophu, apho, Kakade ke, ucatshukiswa eSoviet Union kakade.

- Ukuza amandla ka Gorbachev kunye nesiphelo ngxabano (1987-1991 gg.). I entsha umlawuli eSoviet akazange afune ukuqhubeka ukulwela igcinwe kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ngokukodwa ekubeni nkqubo bakhe ezijoliswe ekupheliseni ngurhulumente wamaKomanisi, iselithwasile nenyanga owaseka ingcinezelo yepolitiki neyoqoqosho icala US.

Isiphelo 'impi abandayo' ukuze abonise ukuba eSoviet Union wavuma iminyinyiva ezinkulu, ngokukodwa akukho ibango kumandla eYurophu, ingakumbi ukusukela kumazwe boyiswa baye bafudukela kude wesiphithiphithi kunye waqalisa ukuba ngokuzimeleyo. ESoviet Union waqalisa ukuba i ingxaki enzulu ezakhokelela ngoDisemba 1991 ukuya sokonakalisa yokugqibela Union of Soviet Socialist. Ngoko ke, i "imfazwe lokulayita" hayi uthulele neziphumo ezincumisayo kwilizwe lethu, kwaye uye waba ngomnye izinto ezakhokelela ekuweni lukarhulumente enkulu.