Esicwangciswe emoyeni

Maxa wambi umoya, ngomaleko omkhulu esingqonge yethu, ebizwa ulwandle wesihlanu. Akumangalisi isihloko yesibini moya - kwinqwelo-moya. I-atmosfera umxube wegesi ezahlukeneyo, apho kugquba nitrogen neoksijini. Kuyinto ngenxa ukuya yokugqibela kule emhlabeni ubomi kunokwenzeka ngendlela thina owoyamaniswe kuyo. Ngaphandle kwezi, kusekho-1% kwezinye abameleyo. Le egalelwe (ningangeni chemical intsebenziswano) iigesi, sulphur dioxide, icarbon dioxide. Kwakhona kulwandle yesihlanu ziqulethe ubumdaka mechanical :. uluthuli, uthuthu, njalo njalo Zonke zomaleko yeegesi kwi zizonke yandisa phantse kwi-480 km ukusuka kumphezulu (idatha ezahlukeneyo, iinkcukacha kule ngongoma ziya kujolisa on). Le ubukhulu encomekayo yenza ikhaka ngokukhethekileyo luluqilima ukukhusela umhlaba kwimitha eyonakalisayo cosmic kunye izinto ezinkulu.

Kukho ezi zoleko zilandelayo umoya: i-ntathu eziFihliweyo, elandelwa stratosphere, mesosphere naphambili, ekugqibeleni, lo thermosphere. Le nkqubo ilapha ngasentla iqala kwi kumphezulu womhlaba. Reentry emelwe ezimbini zokuqala. Bona ecociweyo inxalenye ebalulekileyo kwimitha etshabalalisayo cosmic.

Umaleko emazantsi emoyeni - i-ntathu eziFihliweyo, akunika nje 12 ephakame km (18km kule ndawo). Kukho kuqwalasele kwi-90% umphunga, ke amafu ukusekwa kuyo. Uninzi umoya nayo bagxila apha. Zonke emoyeni esibandayo emva, ukususela kufutshane kumphezulu ivumela kwelanga kubonakala ukuba shushu umoya.

Stratosphere oluya phantse ukuya ku-50 km ukusuka kumphezulu. iibhaloni sezulu Uninzi "ukudada 'kule nwebu. Kananjalo apha ukubhabha iintlobo ezithile moya. Enye yezona iinkalo Akumangalisi zolawulo Amazinga: kuluhlu ukusuka km-25 ukuya kuma-40 uqala lobushushu avuke. -60 degrees Celsius liphuma phantse ku 1. Waza kukho ukuhla okuncinane ukuya zero, nto leyo siyakhuselwa ukuya ubude km 55. Umda eliphezulu - nto notorious ozone.

Ngaphezu koko, phantse 90 km mesosphere oluya. lobushushu apha tsakisi kabukhali. Kuba 100 zemitha yokwenyuka kukho ukuhla degrees 0.3. Maxa wambi ibizwa ngokuba inxenye obubanda emoyeni. Umoya Ukuxinana iphantsi, kodwa kwanele ukwenza ukuxhathisa ukuwa Meteor.

Atmosphere ngengqiqo eqhelekileyo kunqunyanyiswa ezinobude omalunga 118 km. Apha ngeengqimba nabadumileyo kwakheka. Uqala ngasentla kwe ariya ye thermosphere. Ngenxa-X-reyi kwaye yelanga eyingozi ukuba insimbi ezo molekyuli ezimbalwa komoya equlethwe kule ndawo. Ezi nkqubo ukudala ebizwa ngokuba yi-ionosphere (oko kudla ifakiwe thermosphere ngoko kuqwalaselwa ngokwahlukileyo).

Nantoni na ngaphezu 700 km, ebizwa ngokuba exosphere. Uyondelelwano lwee- iimolekyuli umoya iphantsi kakhulu, ngoko ke ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, ngaphandle abafumana uxhathiso ngenxa zingenzi ngozi. Oku kuvumela abantu ngabanye ukuqokelela amandla esilingana degrees 160 Celsius, lo gama lobushushu okukufutshane iphantsi. I zegesi zisasazwe phezu umthamo exosphere ngokungqinelana ubunzima bayo, ukuze lo ngokuqatha zoku zingafunyanwa kuphela kwi nwebu ezantsi. Nokunciphisa ukuphakama nokutsala umhlaba akusekho akwazi ukubamba molekyuli, ngoko amasuntswana esinika amandla cosmic nemitha ingxelo zegesi amandla aneleyo ukuba ushiye emoyeni. Le ndawo yenye mde, ekukholelwa ukuba umoya liza kutshintsha ngokupheleleyo waya ongenawo umoya isithuba undizela phezulu 2,000 km (maxa wambi nkqu inani 10000 livela). Artificial Hewana planethi Bajikeleza omnye kwi thermosphere.

Onke la manani asondele, ukususela kwimida lamanqanaba esesibhakabhakeni zixhomekeke kwizinto ezithile, umzekelo, umsebenzi elanga.