Esibizwa Anatoliy Veniaminovich, umbhali Russian eSoviet kunye imbongi: biography, ubuchule

Esibizwa Anatoly - eSoviet umbhali, yimbongi kunye umbhali. Yena lawongwa ngebhaso Gorky, yaye wawongwa eziliqela iimbasa kunye namabhaso, phakathi kwazo zezi: i-Order of Lenin, kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I nqanaba, i-Oktobha Revolution, Red Star, Ubuhlobo of Peoples kunye lezeMisebenzi Red Banner. Kangangeminyaka engama-20, waba kwibamba ePhakamileyo Soviet of Russia. Ubomi kunye nomsebenzi yale ndoda ephawulekayo kwaye siza kuthetha kweli nqaku.

biography

Anatoly esibizwa (biography zigazi ngoku sithi) wazalwa ngo-1916, ngo-Agasti 22. Indawo awazalelwa kuyo umbhali elizayo yaba elalini Kamensky (kummandla Rostov), nto leyo eye ngoku isixeko Kamensk-Shakhtinskiy. Apha, kwi Don, wachitha esengumntwana nolutsha yombhali elizayo. Uyise Anatoly Veniaminovich wayevela Novocherkassk Cossacks kwaye wasebenza utitshala wesikolo emaphandleni, kunye nomama wakhe Cossack Kamenka.

Uyisemkhulu esibizwa Cossack choir wayecula ecaweni, waba ilizwi elihle kunene. Ekhumbula ebuntwaneni bakhe, umbhali akakwazi ukucinga nto ngaphandle uyisemkhulu bakhe bememelela.

Esibizwa wayenexhala ukuba igama elithi "Cossack" ebuntwaneni bakhe, wayengavathanga wathandaza. Umbhali ukhathazekile malunga ukuvuselelwa izithethe Cossack kunye nendlela yokuphila. Ke kaloku, ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, Stalin wakhupha umyalelo kwi nokusekwa umzimba Don Cossacks, esibizwa waqonda ukuba Cossacks waqalisa ukuntshula. Kule gagasi, wapapasha ngowe-1943 inqaku elinomxholo othi "Don Cossacks".

le ncwadi lokuqala

Esibizwa Anatoliy Veniaminovich ebizwa Cossacks "kummango Russia", ngoxa yena akazange iluthe Cossacks ngokwabo ukuba 'nereestrovyh "yaye" irejistri ". Kodwa kuya kuba kakhulu kamva, kodwa ngoku esibizwa ukuba bamkelwe looVulindlela. Xa ngeminyaka oselula onjalo, wayesele waqalisa ukuba babhale izincoko ngobomi yasemaphandleni kunye neefama ezihlangeneyo Don ukulungiselela ukupapashwa kwiphephandaba "Pioneer inyaniso" yaye "nabazukulwana uLenin kaThixo."

Njengoko elivisayo ngowe-1930, esibizwa kunye intambo umsebenzi waya ezilalini nemizana Don esukela collectivization. Kwaye ngo-1931, umbhali elizayo yaba lilungu le-Komsomol. Emva koko, waqalisa ukusebenza lo ndaba zephondo nezemimandla kwi Kuban, Don, e Kabardino-Balkaria.

Esibizwa Anatoly waba intatheli 1935, "Komsomolskaya PRAVDA", nto leyo kusibonisa iingxaki eArmenia, Kabardino-Balkaria, i-Ukraine, i-Don. Kwaye ngo-1941, umbhali waya ngaphambili njengoko othile yale phephandaba - inkoliso IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic ayichitha imiphambili olusemazantsi.

inoveli First kunye War Enkulu Patriotic

Umsebenzi wokuqala engundoqo umbhali ziye zapapashwa ngo-1940. Yaba inoveli osihloko sithi "iindonga". Kulo msebenzi, esibizwa Anatoly Kolkhoz nov kuboniswe enyeleni the Cossacks. Wabhala ngayo izinto wayesazi ukususela ebuntwaneni: indlela Cossack yobomi, abasebenzi yamahlwempu, ulwimi yesizwe.

Ngexesha lemfazwe, abalinganiswa abaphambili imisebenzi esibizwa abe namarhataa kunye namafama, abo banxiba iyunifom amajoni, abiza kwilizwe labo. Ngeli xesha, esibizwa abanokuthunyelwa ezahlukeneyo zezincoko ndaba phezu iziganeko ezenzeka e Rostov, Mozdok, Stalingrad. Yaye ngo-1943 wapapasha incwadi zezincoko lombhali othi "The Cossacks zezi ukuya ngasentshona." ibali Military yapapashwa ngowe-1944 kweli phephancwadi "Yehlabathi Elitsha" "Xa South", yaye ngo-1945 - imveliso "Comrades". Kamva, ngokusekelwe kula mabali mabini esibizwa kudala inoveli olukhulu malunga ubuqhawe yamajoni Russian - "Red Flag". Lo msebenzi yapapashwa ngowe-1951 e Rostov.

ngemva kwempi

Xa IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic yaphela, esibizwa wafudukela Don kwifama Puhlyakovsky. Apha, umbhali uyila uthotho zezincoko malunga abemi iilali Don Cossack :. "Moon Night", "Emva Ekhohlo Ngasemva Kolkhoz", "iingcambu olungapheliyo" kunye namanye amaqhawe ezi zenzo kamva afumaneka kwezinye iinoveli ezininzi kunye namabali esibizwa.

I "Inyaniso" ngo-1953, umbhali epapashwe umsebenzi "Ngomhla kwinqanaba eliphakathi." Esi sincoko uthi esibizwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngemiba yangoku enxulumene nophuhliso lali kunye nendlela amandla qela. Umbhali kakhulu kakhulu lo msebenzi kwaye isincoko esilandelayo "Moon Night". Umbhali babekholelwa ukuba bamnceda ke ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka izihloko ezikhethiweyo indalo yakhe. Ezi zincoko iphendulwa inxaxheba kunye nabafundi - esibizwa wafumana ezininzi iileta ngenkxaso kwidilesi.

Ngowe-1962 esibizwa wabhala inoveli "Akuvumelekanga Zone", nto leyo ichaza ulwakhiwo iVolga-Don lomsele. Umsebenzi kuphakamisa le miba ilandelayo: imfundo le ndoda entsha nomoya siseko zamaKomanisi; ukulahlwa iziganeko kunye nezenzo kufuneka ukuba abe kuluntu bobusoshiyali; uvavanyo into eyenzekayo phantsi yesazela wamaKomanisi.

"AngamaGypsy"

Kodwa kule noveli yafumana udumo Anatoly esibizwa. "AngamaGypsy" - lo ngumsebenzi udumo yombhali. Le noveli kwasekwa ezahlukahlukeneyo iinkcukacha ngokuphila kwakhe. Umfanekiselo umlinganiswa ophambili, i Budulai angamaGypsy kwavela ngumbhali ngexesha lemfazwe, xa esibhedlele, wabona intlola Roma lizisa Order of the Red Star yenye bempi Cossack. Ngoko esibizwa ubengayixelanga ndicinge ukubhala inoveli, kodwa episode ukhunjulwa yobomi. Ngoko, xa iyunithi yakhe layohlala phantsi umbhali Minor Belozerka ndabona imiqodi lwesigypsy eyaphukileyo. Kungekudala wafumanisa ukuba Umfazi lowo wamthabatha umntwana, ixhoba kuye. Kwaye emva kwemfazwe esibizwa Anatoly owayehlala ecaleni lwesigypsy-Smith, owaba omnye umzalwana omncinane ogama Budulai.

Umbhali lonke ubuqambi iyaqhubeka ukubhekisela umxholo emkhosini, ebonisa unxibelelwano phakathi iziganeko zangaphambili kunye langoku. Le misebenzi, ukongeza "angamaGypsy" kukho iinoveli 'ibhokisi owomileyo "," ukubuyisela Akukho Return "," Echo of War ". Akhulelwe basic ezizinzululwazi ezi zenzo kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo imifanekiso amaqhawe - umbhali uthelekisa abantu, okudalwe inkqubo yiSoviet, yaye abo imiphefumlo usisilima umnqweno butyebi okanye igunya.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Ngowe-1967, esibizwa Anatoliy Veniaminovich wabhala inoveli "Dumani, neentsimbi!". Umsebenzi kwanikezelwa imiba ubuhle yokuziphatha yentsapho ifanelekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana.

Kule ncwadi, esibizwa wayesoloko waqonda njengoko ezihlangwini Sholokhov isiko. Umbhali ngokwakhe sivumelene ngale, yaye ngowe-1964 kwakhululwa incwadi zezincoko ebizwa nge Sholokhov "Veshenskaya zasehlotyeni." Emva koko, ngo-1975, ishicilelwe i inoveli entsha umbhali - "" Makube aqukuqela i Don Time ". Yaye ukususela 1982 ukuya 1983 esipapashwe imisebenzi eqokelelwe ka esibizwa.

Umbhali wafa ngo-2008, ngo Juni 12, kwindawo ekude Puhlyakovsky. Yena wangcwatyelwa eyadini endlwini yakhe.

Ivesi Kalinina Anatoliya Veniaminovicha

Umbongo esibizwa ayikho njengoko eyaziwa ngokunjalo iprozi yakhe. Noko ke, umbhali ubhale imibongo eziliqela kunye nemibongo. Ukongeza, i zoyilo yena ukubhala inoveli malunga Don Cossacks kwimibongo. Ngelishwa, le mbono zange iphunyezwe.

imibongo Kalinina Anatoliya Veniaminovicha, ezifana iprozi wakhe, swi kwizihloko yokuziphatha, iimbono zobuKomanisi, kwakunye IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Xa imigca yakhe lwesihobe umbhali ukhuthaza abafundi ukuba balandele intliziyo yakho, ukuba baphile isazela kunye engaginyekiyo. Isikakhulu okufanayo ngabantu, ngokutsho esibizwa, kuba amandla ayo angaphezulu ukuba asebenze ekondleni lokhokho. Umxholo yenkonzo engenamona, mhlawumbi, enqamleza yonke imisebenzi zombhali.

"Budulai, ezo ungalindi"

Le ifilimu kwingcamango kwinoveli "angamaGypsy," yakhululwa ngo-1994. UMlawuli ifilimu Alexander Fenko. Ukudubula senzeka lali kunye kwifama Razdorskaya Kanygin (Rostov Region). Oku kulapho ke wazalwa waza waphila uninzi lobomi bakhe esibizwa. Dances neengoma edlalwa yi abadlali ukusuka angamaGypsy Theatre "Romen".

Nangona kunjalo, i mini-oluthi "I angamaGypsy Island" yathathwa ekuqaleni, leyo wakhululwa ngo-1993. Kwaye emva nje konyaka esekelwe kuyo imvelaphi inyuselwa ukupeyinta "Budulai, ezo musa ukulinda."

Eyona engundoqo indima umboniso edlalwe yi Otar Megvinetuhutsesi. Lo mfanekiso ubalisa ibali lwesigypsy Budulai, ngubani ubuyela kwilali Don Cossack emva kweminyaka eli-10 entolongweni.

Ngaloo ndlela, ubomi umdla kakhulu futhi engenakulibaleka wahlala esibizwa. Njengokuba umsebenzi zombhali, oko kuthandwa unanamhla.