Empire Karla Velikogo - i Rome Second

UBukhosi baseRoma bawa phantsi Ukuhlasela bakhona yashiya iminqweno ezinkulu nostalgic. Yobuhlakani kombuso neRoma yamandulo ezifana ukuba wazama ukukhuphela boyisa. EYurophu, kwakukho iinkqubo abanqwenela ukuvuselela siqinile emanyeneyo, nto leyo iza kwandiswa ukuze, njengokuba ngaphambili eRoma, nakuLwandle lweAtlantiki kuwo onke amazwe ezenza of Western Europe. Khumbula iphupha ukuba idibane umhlaba ukwimeko eyodwa kuphela ubukhosi Karla Velikogo. Ukuzihlola ngokufutshane ngembali yaso, nokuwa.

Emva kokuwa Imperial Rome namandla, enye yeenkokheli kwisizwe German franc Chlodwig, utsho ngokwayo xa ekupheleni V ngenkulungwane ukumkani. Ukususela oko yaqala ubukhosi, leyo ibizwa ngegama le Merovingian. Le VIII. Pepin, usodolophu ebhotweni lokumkani Merovingian wokugqibela, butshabalale ke ngo-751, suzerain yakhe. Unyana Pepin wakhe wathatha ubukhosi - Carl, kamva eyabizwa ngokuba Enkulu. Ukuba ijoni ozelwe ingumkhokeli abanetalente wamajoni, uKumkani entsha, hayi nje wanika igama yonke imbewu yobukhosi, kodwa ikwazile ukwandisa kwemida amakhosi zikarhulumente eyothusayo. Ngenxa nomkhankaso wakhe wamajoni, uMenzi superstate langoku - kombuso ka uCharlemagne.

Yena ilifa izintso ekuseni waye ukumkani engama-46 (ukususela kwiminyaka 768 ukuya 814). Ngeli xesha ke bathatha inxaxheba amaphulo amahlanu emkhosini. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa ubungqondi ngqwayi, uCharles bandisa indawo ubukumkani kwisiqingatha. Yena olubekwe eBavaria kanye Italy. Ngasempumalanga, uYesu woyisa amaSaxon kwaye usoloko ngenkohlakalo abathintela imvukelo zabo, baza bawoyisa ngempumelelo baseTurkey babemsongela ngokuwa. Xa entshonalanga kombuso ka uCharlemagne kudingeka utshaba enamandla ngakumbi - i Saracens, abo ke uloyiso lwakhe, bathimba Iberia iphantse ngokupheleleyo. Umkhosi umlawuli wakwazi ukuhlaba phesheya komlambo i Ebro.

Ngexesha layo, emhlabeni nyaka 800, ubukhosi uCharlemagne xa ayesuka Ebro ukuya entshona iDanube kunye iElbe esempuma, ukuya ngasentla yena waya kuLwandle North noLwandle eBaltic, nakwelasezantsi - lweMeditera. Ngobuchule Welcome Pope igunya zexeshana phezu "Kwenziwa States," umseki ubukhosi wakwazi ukufumana inkxaso abefundisi, kwaye ngexesha elinye upopu ingqalelo wayenguphum yakhe. Kulo nyaka 800, ngoMhla ngeKrismesi, Leo III, i Pope wacela umlawuli omkhulu isithsaba komlawuli, wavakalisa phambi ngamaKrestu ehlabathini lonke, "Thixo, ebekwa Roman Holy uKhesare."

Empire Karla Velikogo igcine unxibelelwano bezozakuzo kunye Byzantium kunye Arabhu. Kwiinzame ukuvuselela amandla baseRoma uBukhosi ukhanye yamandulo, umlawuli owasekwa ngo-ikomkhulu lakhe, Aachen, kukho uhlobo iziko yenkcubeko. Apho, xa isimemo wokumkani, waya wasebenza Ioann Skott Erigena, Alcuin, uPavel Diakon, Hraban YamaSilamsi kunye nabanye. Xa umyalo ovela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe ukuba Kwasekwa izikolo apho ukufunda ayikho iimonki kuphela, kodwa abantu behlabathi. Le nokugqama elifutshane inkcubeko lifumene ezivela mbali obizwa ngokuba "Carolingian Renaissance".

Noko ke, oonyana baka-Charles - Louis, Lothar kunye uCharles i Bald - nako bavumelane ilifa baza kuqhuba nezinye enembambano nganye. Ngowe-843, laseVerdun satyikitywa isivumelwano phantsi apho intsimi yahlulwa phakathi kwaba bazalwana babini. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba intsapho yasebukhosini isekhona, ubukhosi Carolingian yaphela zibe ziingceba. kwisihloko mlawuli ngokuya zexeshana. In XI kulo. ebukumkanini France iqala entsha, Capetian Dynasty (ngumseki Gugo Kapet).