Abahloli Great kunye bakufumeneyo

Nabahamba ezinkulu ezifunyaniswe zejografi ... Nabani ukufunda abathululi enesibindi kumaXesha Aphakathi, owayezama ukuvula i iindlela zorhwebo ohlawulayo okanye ziyaluthundeza igama lakhe, kumnandi, njengoko kwakunjalo. abathandi yolwandle uthathekile asijoje olwandle nibone phambi kwabo wayityhila iseyile awahlali. Eyona Akumangalisi yindlela abahambi ezinkulu uphinde uphile adventures yakho eneneni, ebonisa unyamezelo kunye namanye amacebo kangaka. Enkosi kubo ihlabathi bafunda malunga kumazwe amatsha kunye neelwandle.

Người travel enobungozi

Kulilishwa ukuba enyanisweni bahambi ezinkulu nako kusoloko va incasa romance: iinqanawa zabo zaphuka, kwaye iqela sonke uyagula nanto ngexesha esi sifo. Xa oomatiloshe, waya izinto ezintsha, kwafuneka ukuba ubunzima siswele, badla baqweqwediswa ukufa. Akumangalisi ukuba namhlanje abaninzi usithande inkalipho yabo nokuzimisela! Kunjalo, ngenxa ezinye bahambi amazwekazi ezitsha uyaziwa, yaye abanye babo benza igalelo elingathethekiyo sezwe. Ngoncedo amaxwebhu embali, eziquka iirekhodi amangqina okanye amanqaku ukusuka logbook, sinokuba inkcazelo nenokuthenjwa malunga yohambo lwabo. Noko ke, Lilishwa ukuba bahambi ezinkulu geographical kunqabile emaziphunyezwe ukuze efunekayo.

Hristofor Kolumb yokulandelana nezinto ubulawu, negolide

Yinto ngendoda ubomi bakhe bonke ndiphupha yokuya kwi kohambo olude. Njengaye nawuphi na, kuba endaweni yakhe, yena wayesazi ukuba ngaphandle kwenkxaso-mali akakwazi ukwenza, kwaye wayifumana evela izityebi yaye akazange afune ukwabelana lula izimali zabo yasebukhosini wayengekho. Apho wayefuna ukuya umhambi lithemba? Yena wafuna ngentliziyo yakhe yonke ukufumana indlela imfutshane ukuya entshona India, ngelo xesha wayedume ubulawu bawo, tsenivshimisya ubunzima yayo ngegolide.

Ukuzama lokuzithethelela, Columbus laqhubeka lifika ngokuphindaphindiweyo kukumkani Spanish nokumkanikazi iminyaka esibhozo elide. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba icebo bakhe iimpazamo ezininzi. Nangona yokuba izazinzulu ziye zibonwa imilo ungqukuva komhlaba, umbuzo yintoni uhlobo wolwandle band yehlabathi esahlula iYurophu Asia. Kwathi kanti kamva, uChristopher wenza iimpazamo ezimbini. Okokuqala, ecinga ukuba indawo Asia ihlanganisa indawo kakhulu enkulu kunokuba kwakunjalo, kwaye ngokwenene. Okwesibini, ikota Columbus phantsi ubukhulu iplanethi yethu.

Kwiphulo lokuqala Columbus

Enoba lwalunjani, "nkqonkqozani kwaye niya kuvulelwa": hambo ivunywe ukubhukuda bebexhotyiswa ngeenqanawa ezintathu. kwiikumkani izama Spanish wanqwenela nje iindlela zorhwebo inzuzo - limnandi ingcamango amazwe empumalanga ukuba ahlawule kubuKatolika. Kunye August 3, 1492, malunga 90 Abantu baya kohambo olude. Babehamba iikhilomitha ezininzi kude nonxweme, kodwa isityebi ezweni kwaye khange abonakale ikhoyo. Columbus wayesoloko ukuthoba iqela lakhe, maxa wambi underestimating imigama eziqhutywa esenzekayo uhambo ixesha elide. Ke ekugqibeleni, njengoko kusenokubonakala, baye bafikelela usukelo lwabo! baye baba Apho abahloli zethu ngokungakhathali?

Umhlaba, obabufikelela umyalelo wayo, kwaba Bahamas. Apho waza wadibana bomthonyama ze, kunye Kuyashisa kufuneka ukuphumla. Kodwa kunjalo kwaba into apho waya umendo bamazwe enkulu, eshiya amakhaya awo kunye neentsapho. Emva kweeveki ezimbini abalobi lokuphumla yaya kufika Cuba. Columbus ayikwazanga ukuzola kuba nako ukufumana nayiphi ubulawu okanye igolide.

Odyssey Okulandelayo waqhubeka ukuya ngasempuma, apho igolide awayesibawela uyaziwa. Kwathi siqithi, Columbus wamnika igama La Isla Española (saseHispaniola namhlanje). Hristofor Kolumb sele waphupha kuya kuba njani na ilizwe kuxhomekeke isithsaba Spanish. ilindelwe lakhe ukubuyela ekhaya kunye nembeko enkulu, yaye omnye uhambo.

Uhambo elandelayo ka Columbus

Kunyaka olandelayo, kunye Columbus waya epheleleyo armada iinqanawa-17 yaye abangaphezu kwe-1,200. Phakathi kwabantu kwakukho amajoni amaninzi kunye nababingeleli. BaseSpeyin wayefuna ukuba umhlaba omtsha koloni, kwaye abahlali benza namaKatolika. Columbus isekhona uzimisele ukufikelela elunxwemeni India.

Ezimbini kohambo olulandela East Indies kuphela ukwandisa kancinane ulonwabo esasihamba. Enoba lwalunjani, yemizila elwandle ezalathelwe kubo, kunceda amazwe lonke ilizwekazi - North America. Ngenxa impumelelo yakhe ihlabathi liye asiphethule.

Vasco da Gama - wamazwe enkulu

Vasco da Gama waphila kancinane phambi Columbus, kwaye iye wavula indlela eya eIndiya, ngokudlulisela Afrika. Amalungiselelo uhambo lwakhe olude baqalisa kudala ngaphambi kokuba azalwe - njani lo mba eyahlukileyo koko kwenzeka ne Columbus! kwiikumkani Portuguese uyayiqonda ukubaluleka kurhwebo spice. Manuel I - King of Portugal - ndandikholelwa ukuba intloko umntu kuphela mkhankaso, leyo, ngamazwi mbali omnye, "wayeza oludibanisa inkalipho ijoni kunye umrhwebi wengcibi yokuluka, uzowenza kunye nobuchule." Ngokutsho uKumkani, oko Vasco da Gama oluhambelana kule ndima.

On izakhono zendalo kunye lweshishini le ndoda eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka Columbus - wayesazi kakuhle iimpahla zakhe, kwaye ndisazi ukuba iphi na into ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise. Kwiphulo lokuqala, nangona kwakuthiwe okuhambelana neengxaki ezithile, iye yaphela ngempumelelo - Vasco da Gama wenza seluxolweni kwaye isivumelwano kunye ngumlawuli Indian kwintengiso zobulawu. Gqitha, ukumkani Portugal nangoko wayalela nokucwangciswa matutu ezilandelayo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa kule ndlela ulwandle entsha esuka eYurophu ukuya Asia yavulwa ndoda enesibindi.

abahloli Great kunye bakufumeneyo

Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi babehlala ngabantu ezahlukeneyo kwiziphumo kakhulu kwinzululwazi yendalo kunye nokwakheka kwaso. Ukuba sithethe ngayo impumelelo bakuthi, lo wokuqala umhambi enkulu Russian, ngubani nangoko qatha engqondweni - yi UNikolai Maclay. Nangona impumelelo yakhe, Kakade ke, musa ngebande elinye kunye ekuhlengahlengiseni Hristofora Kolumba, uJames Cook, Vasco da Gama Amerigo Vespucci. Of umdla oluthile isigqibo sakhe ukuba iimpawu zenkcubeko nobuhlanga kwakunye nomahluko phakathi kwabantu ngenxa bume yendalo kunye nezentlalo.

Phakathi kwezinye abahambi Russian abaye negalelo kuphuhliso yejografi ingabizwa Fedora Konyuhova, uYuri Senkevich, Ivan Papanin, Nikolaya Przhevalskogo, Afanasiya Nikitina, Erofey Khabarov, Vitus wethu kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ubomi ngamnye kubo - uhambo olude, ezele iziganeko zizityebi.

Yonxano omkhulu kulwazi olwakhiwe lwazinziswa yabantu

Inoku wabuza: phi abantu imfuneko enjalo into engaziwayo kunye elikude? Isibakala sokuba ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuya emntwini kukho imfuneko ukwazi ihlabathi, aligocagoce, ukuze ufumane iimpendulo zale mibuzo: "Iyintoni na intsingiselo yobomi Senza ntoni kulo mhlaba?" Thina sonke ncakasana umphefumlo - bahambi kunye nabahloli "mkhulu". Thina ngoko elimiswe, omnye Ukutsho ke ndithi, ngoko zenzelwe ukuba bafunde ngokuqhubekayo malunga ehlabathini. akunjalo kwazenzekela ehlabathini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kwizilwanyana, akazange ngokungathi abanye kufuna ukungqina ukuba sazivelela kubazalwana bethu. Malunga njengeminqweno yoluntu ukususela ebuntwaneni ukwazi ihlabathi ibhalwe oluninzi iincwadi. Enye yezi amabali ezibhaliweyo Zoshchenko - "abahambi ezinkulu". Emva koko, ndithanda ukuba ukuchaza ngokufutshane ntoni kule ncwadi.

Zoshchenko, "abahambi ezinkulu"

ubomi babo Columbus okanye Vasco da Gama In umntu, omdala ngamnye okanye umntwana kakhulu kodwa,. Njengokuba umntwana, sinako ukubona indlela umntwana ufuna ukufunda ngalo ihlabathi. Zoshchenko ibali 'abahambi ezinkulu "ubalisa ibali wabantwana abathathu, abo beza ihlabathi uhambo olude. Bathabatha izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ibenzima kakhulu kuzala, yaye ekugqibeleni lwaba junk. Eli bali elifutshane efundisayo ifundisa abantwana bafuna ulwazi imisebenzi emikhulu. Zoshchenko ibali 'abahambi ezinkulu "- yinto wobugcisa efinyeziweyo.

endaweni yesiphelo

Njengoko sibona, ngamnye kuthi ukunxanelwa enkulu kuba unknown - ukuba ukuba umhambi enkulu Russian okanye umntu oqhelekileyo. Wonk 'umntu uzama ukufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo avuthayo. abahambi Great yaye zivulwe kuphela kubonisa le nyaniso elula nebalulekileyo. Ngelo xesha, kungakhathaliseki nokuba siza ukoyisa imigama emide kubomi bethu elifutshane okanye hayi, elowo kuthi uya kuqala entanjeni uhambo lwabo basemhlabeni, ezele adventure nobomi elide. Umbuzo into enye kuphela: ukuba bafumanisa ngeli hambo yaye kuya kushiya ngasemva?