EMoscow. Street Street Bolshaya Ordynka

Imbali yaseMoscow ayikwazi ukuba khona ngaphandle kwembali yezitalato ezenza i-pass, yangoku nekamva. I-Bolshaya Ordynka yinkcazo yezinto eziphathekayo zabathetheli nababingeleli, iibongozi kunye nabaculi, abathengisi kunye nabaqulunqi, abaguquleli kunye nabasebenzi abalula, abagqityiweyo ekugqibeleni ukubonakala kweso sitrato. Kufana nomlando, apho kunokwenzeka ukulandela iziganeko zembali ezenzekayo kuphela kwiZamoskvorechye, kodwa kulo lonke elaseMoscow.

Ukubonakala kwegama

I-Big Ordynka ibonakala kwikhilomitha ye-XIV kwaye enye yezitrato ezindala kunkulu. Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini eziphambili zegama lazo. Iyokuqala-kunye nayo yaya kuhamba ngendlela, apho baqhubela khona irhafu eqokelelwa eRashiya kumfana we-Golden Horde. Okwesibini kwaye, ngokwembono yabangxelo-mlando, inguqu ethembekileyo-uHorde wayehlala apha, umsebenzi owawunokubuyisela inkokhelo evela kwiiRussia ukuya kwi-Horde.

Imbali

Nokuba eMoscow kunzima ukufumana indawo eya kuba nayo imicimbi yeziganeko ezifana nesitalato saseBolshaya Ordynka ibone kwiimbali zayo zangekhulu leminyaka. Kuye wabuya wahanjelwa yiCrimean Khan Davlet-Giray, ukhumbula ixesha leengxaki kunye nomlilo waseNapoleon of 1812, kunye neemeko zenguqu ze-1917.

Abemi bokuqala babengabantu "abanobunzima" abaye bathunyelwa kwiintsimi zaseRashiya umrhumo kwiGood Horde, kunye nabaguquleli - abaguquleli beelwimi lwaseTatar. Emva kokuba imodeli ye-sloboda isuswe, abaphathi abancinci, abafundisi basemaphandleni, abahwebi kunye nabacibi baqala ukuhlala apha. Kwintliziyo yaseMoscow , amaxabiso omhlaba ayephakamileyo, ngoko ke ayifumaneka kula bantu, kunye nemimandla yaseMoscow yayingabizi. Ezinye izakhiwo zala maxesha zimi.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, izindlu ezininzi ezinenzuzo zavela, ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukuya ku-Oktobha Revolution ngokwayo, kwaye kamva isitalato. I-Bolshaya Ordynka yaba yinye yezithili zezobugebengu kakhulu eMoscow, apho yonke i-Zamoskvoretskaya punk yabutha.

Ngexesha leMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic isitrato satshatyalaliswa ngokutsha ngombhobho. Kwiziko lokutshabalalisa izakhiwo, ezitsha zazakhiwa, kwaye abadala abazange bathinteke.

Kufuneka kuthethwe ukuba ayitshintshanga, nangona ukuba ngexesha lobukho beSoviet Union i-capital capital ngokwawo yonke iguqule kakhulu.

Uphi na

I-Bolshaya Ordynka itholakala kwiSithili esiLawulayo saseMoscow, esasuka eSerpukhov Square ukuya kwi-Small Moskvoretsky Bridge. Le yitrato ephakathi kweZamoskvorechye. Ubude bayo buncinci kwaye bube yi-1.73 km kuphela, kodwa ininzi yezikhumbuzo zembali - iitempile ezintlanu, indawo ezininzi, izindlu kunye neendlu zezindlu. Kukholelwa ukuba le yindlela esele ikwazi ukugcina zonke iicawa ezakhiwe kwintsimi yayo.

Church of Catherine kwiScilly

Itholakala kwinombolo yendlu 60/2, uBolshaya Ordynka, eMoscow. Ukuqala kokukhankanywa kwecawa yokhuni ku- 1612. Masikhumbule ngaloo mihla ebizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba ovulekileyo ongaphandle kwesi sixeko, ngoko icawa lase-Ekaterininsky libufakazi bokuzibonela kwemfazwe phakathi kukaDmitry Pozharsky noHetman Khodkevich. Abanye ababhali-mlando bakholelwa ukuba imfazwe ephambili yexesha leengxaki zenzeke apha, eyayiqala ukukhululwa kukaRus kubantu basePoland abangeneleli.

Ithempeli eliqhekezayo elalisinda kulolu suku lwakhiwe ngo-1766-1775 ngoyilo lwe-K. Blank. Wakha umsebenzi omtsha kufuphi nomdala waza wadibanisa neentsimbi.

Icawa yeCreat Martyr Catherine yayingasindanga kuphela kwixesha leengxaki, kodwa kwakhona ukuhlasela kweNapoleon, kodwa ngaphantsi kwamandla aseSoviet yavalwa kwaye i-bell tower yachithwa. Kwithuba elithile indawo yakhe yayisetyenziselwa iindibano zocweyo.

Ngoku ithempile kaCatherine ilawulwa yiCawa lase-Orthodox eMelika. Apha zibekwe ecaleni kweemifanekiso zaseSerbia naseMerika, kwaye ngezinye iinkonzo zigcinwe ngesiNgesi.

Ithempelini ye-icon kaMama kaThixo "Uvuyo lwabo bonke ababuhlungu"

Icawa yamatye yakhiwa ngowe-1683-85 kwisayithi apho kwakukho khona ibandla laseMonk Varlaam Khutynsky. Ngowe-1791, kwakhiwa izakhiwo eziliqela, kubandakanywa intsimbi yesithathu yentsimbi, eyakhiwe ngumakhi we-V.I. Bazhenov kwisitayela seklasiki. Ngowe-1836 umakhi waseBevais O.I. Waphinda wakha kabusha itempile, kodwa sele esesigxina sobukhosi. Kamva, ngomlilo we-1812, yonakaliswe, kwaye emva koko ihlaziywe kabini-ngo-1814 no-1904.

Ngaphansi kolawulo lweSoviet - ngowe-1933 - itempile yavalwa, kwaye zonke iintsimbi zazisuswa. KwiMfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic kwisakhiwo sayo yayigcinwe kwiIgalari iTrakoakov. Ekupheleni kwe-40-icawa yavulelwa kwakhona ngonqulo. Ngoku unayo indawo yokomoya kunye nemfundo ebizwa ngokuba yi "Ascension".

Ngeli xesha, i-Big Ordynka ayiyikwakha kwakhona. Kwagqitywa isigqibo sokuyilungisa ukuze kugcinwe imbali yeeminyaka eminyaka kwikhonkco eligcinwe eMoscow. Ngokucwangciswa kwesicwangciso emva kokubuyiselwa, ikota yesiganeko esigcinwe yexesha eliphambi kwePetrine liza kwenziwa apha - uhlobo oluthile lwemyuziyamu evulekile.