ECrimea National Park: igama, inkcazelo, photo

Hayi nje uhlobo ukuphumla okanye ukuzonwabisa ungakhuphisana ngokuhlala sisondele kwindalo? Ngubani na ongeze ufuna injabulo ukuziva umoya nenkululeko epheleleyo, ukuze siphefumle umoya ococekileyo, okroqiweyo namavumba womfuno kunye amahlamvu?

Sibabandeza la ithuba lokuba ukuqhagamshelana rhoqo nendalo lixabiso ukuhlawulela izibonelelo ezibonelelwe yi inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe. Unyaka nonyaka, zimbalwa iindawo isiyileyokuba kubona inkangeleko yayo yokuqala. Oko kwabuchaphazela kwakhokelela ekuzalweni nokhenketho olujongene nokusingqongileyo, elongamele uncedo entlanganweni imisebenzi yenkcubeko. Ayikwazi kusala loovimba bengahoyekanga, kwaye ipaka yesizwe eCrimea.

ICrimea Natural Reserve: indalo

Kwadlula phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu ukususela zokusekwa kwe-iCrimea Natural Reserve. It is pre-olululo urhulumente tsarist ngo-1913 wagqiba ekubeni kusekwe 'Reserve lokuzingela asebukhosini. " Ngelo xesha endaweni yayo kukho ungulates enqabileyo nkqu-Umbala, ezifana inyathi, ibhokhwe Dagestan, silwane Corsican, ibhokhwe bezoar, ixhama abaseAfrika.

Kwathatha omnye iminyaka eli-10. A bit inkanuko ewuthile, ezinxulumene iziganeko inguqu, imfazwe yamakhaya ufile phantsi. IBhunga Abantu Commissars kwilizwe oselula eSoviet wakhupha umthetho okhethekileyo inguqu owayesakuba reserve sobukhosi reserve. Ekuqaleni, ummandla wayo yaba indawo ka-16 amawaka. Ha, kodwa ekupheleni kuka-1923 linyuke nge-7 amawaka. Iihektare. zolondolozo lwendalo kunye iipaki zesizwe ze eCrimea liya ekutsaleni abakhenkethi abo abaxhasi uKhenketho lwezendalo.

Ekupheleni kwale 50 Reserve watshintsha isimo yayo isandla lula Khrushchev uba loovimba iCrimea kuzingela karhulumente, nenokuthi phezulu zodidi oluphezulu kakhulu amagosa. Kuphela 1991, i-Ukrainian SSR, urhulumente wasayina umthetho ngawo ummandla Wabuyela nepaka yesizwe. Le ise embindini liqela iintaba phantsi kwegama Main iCrimea Ridge. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-eCrimea National Park igubungela phantse amawaka 33.4. Iihektare.

Climate and flora ze egciniweyo

Iimeko zemozulu zale reserve iCrimea ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba izinzile. A negalelo elikhulu kule imbangela exposure kwamathambeka entabeni kunye nezowuni ophezulu ukuphakama. Umzekelo, kummandla aphezulu amaqondo elibi kuwo lonyaka kugcinwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezine. Kwiinduli komoya kukuninzi (ngaphezu kwama-1000 eemilimitha kwisithuba sonyaka omnye-), ukwenzela ukuba xa embindini reserve kwakukho imithombo imilambo emininzi eCrimea, kuquka Tavelchuk, uAlma, Kacha, kunye nabanye. Xa kwiintaba iCrimea Nature Reserve inabasebenzi ezingamakhulu amathathu izitshixo. Abaninzi kubo ephilisa izifo, ingakumbi ime phandle umthombo odumileyo Savluh-Su - amanzi zizityebi unako zesilivere.

Flora intsimi phantsi kukhuselo karhulumente, na ezahlukeneyo, inani iintlobo idlula 1200. ngokwahlukeneyo omnye komnye ukukhula amahlathi, zazongamelwe ngomnye iintlobo adweliswe zemithi:

• pine iCrimea kunye nompleyini iScots;
• oki;
• hornbeam;
• beech.

Akwenzeki ukuba zazi ukubaluleka amahlathi ekhuselweyo indawo ngokwemiqathango ukhuselo lomhlaba namanzi ulondolozo. Asingabo bonke abantu balapha ukwazi iipaki zesizwe kwi eCrimea.

Ngubani ohlala reserve engundoqo eCrimea?

iklasi Izilwanyana ekuyo zimelwe ziintlobo ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini. Ngaba enokwenza akumangalisi kwavela emva imithi nezamaxhamakazi, silwane, bhazalala ngokukhawuleza nebhadi iCrimea. Ncokola ukuva nqe abamnyama, griffons kunye nezikhova, ezo iindidi ezininzi. Imeko wathabatha ilungelo kweentlobo amahlanu anesibini mathathu ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Europe. Phakathi ezi ziquka:

• njengonocofu;
• bustard;
• crane ndiyingwevu;
• owl;
• scorpion iCrimea;
• Starling pink njalo-njalo. D.

River indawo ekhuselweyo ayikwazi ukuqhayisa inani elikhulu kweentlobo abemi amatsha. Ke phakathi kwabo ezinye iintlanzi ezinqabileyo ezifana barbel iCrimea kunye nemisinga trout. Hayi iindawo ezininzi kakhulu emhlabeni apho ukwazi ukuhlangabezana unonkala amanzi. Nature Reserves National Parks of eCrimea - ilifa lendalo bonke abantu, ngoko abantu kufuneka siwazise indawo enkulu enjalo.

Apha ingakumbi abakhenkethi ngexesha kudale ezityhutyhayo indalo kunye neendawo zolonwabo. Wonke umntu ufuna simazi kunye nezityebi uhlobo eCrimea, ithuba elikhethekileyo kuyibona ngamehlo am.

Yalta intaba-nature reserve

Ingongoma yokuqala kwindawo egciniweyo amawaka 14. 176 hectares kuthathwa 1973. Eliphethe iipaki zesizwe kwi eCrimea, Iyandonwabisa holidaymakers ezininzi. Kumaxesha Soviet, le ndawo yaba okwetyeli kwezempilo ezingundoqo, ngoko abantu bayazibuza ukuba amahlathi ezicocekileyo kunye neekona encinane namhlanje.

Ngomhla kwamaxandeka Ezintabeni reserve kukhula imithi kunye zemithi ngokwanelisayo omde - nompleyini iCrimea kunye iScots. Jer oki kunye beech wambi indawo yi-undergrowth, equka abameli siluhlaza lweMeditera. Akumangalisi oku, ekubeni imozulu emazantsi kuyo, kwakunye phezu iiholide lweMeditera. Ukuba uphakamile ithambeka, kokukhona ndilithethile umahluko.

Ekhuselweyo izityalo reserve

Inani kweentlobo izityalo ezifuna ukhuselo oluvela kurhulumente, ilingana 78-mi. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• adenofora eCrimea;
• Maidenhair (okanye iinwele nenekazi);
• imithi strawberry;
• konwele phezulu ;
• cistus eCrimea;
• peony iCrimea;
• Violet iCrimea;
• yaskolka Bieberstein et al.

Kukho kwakhona iintlobo ezifana yanwenwa kuphela ngaphakathi kwindawo ekhuselweyo (igama lwenzululwazi - "iintlobo ezisoloko zikho"), umzekelo:

• bindweed iCrimea;
• Carnation eliphantsi;
• geranium iCrimea;
• yaylinsky Dubrovnik;
• Paeonia Daurica et al.

Kufuneka ube phantsi ukhuselo ezizodwa zezi iipaki zesizwe eCrimea. Dwelisa amagama vaaki zingafunyanwa kweli nqaku.

reserve imfuyo

Ingca ezabanjwa okanye ukukhasa ematyeni ezirhubuluzayo shushu: necilishe iCrimea, komzila gecko iCrimea, iglasi-untulo (necilishe legless), copperhead (colubridae lentsapho). Phantsi nokukhuselwa zikarhulumente izilwanyana emzalwaneni ilulwane: aqubude kuzo; bat, intsimbi yehashe kunye noctule.

Ekweneni Yalta Reserve nga ozakuthathwa Ai-Petri, Wuchang-Su Ingxangxasi (8 kuphela km ukusuka Yalta),-iliso Three lomqolomba Ah-Petri, lihlaleni kaMtyholi IZinyuko (okanye kwinguqulelo Turkish ye "Shaitan-Merdven").

abasebenzi Yalta Reserve anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuze kufundiswe uluntu malunga nemiba yokusingqongileyo. Le njongo ephunyezwa umendo eziphilayo kunye neendlela kubo bonke abo bafuna ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe ezinika zendawo. Ukuthandwa Ukwanda eCrimea na iipaki zesizwe. Amagama kwezi ndawo ziye zamkelwa amaxesha akude Soviet. Kubalulekile ukuba ukunyanga ngenyameko ezi iindawo ookhokho bethu ukuba siyaqonda ubuhle bendalo Russia.

Azov-Sivash National Park,

Le paki wabonakala phantse amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo - ngo-1993. Ngaphambi kokuba kwakukho Azov-Sivash Reserve. Nangona park emvelo kwaye igqalwa eCrimea, kodwa ezinye inxalenye phakathi kummandla Kherson. Ngamanye amazwi, oku kuthatha i west unxweme kummandla uLwandle Azov of 57.400 yeehektare.

isabelo Ingonyama ngayo park kubekwe phezu wamtshicela elwandle ekuthiwa Biruchiy Island kunye nezinye iziqithi ezincinane kufuphi. I Book Red wenza phantse amahlanu iintlobo zezilo ukuba bahlala Azov-Sivash National Park. Kakade ke, engundoqo ipaka yesizwe iCrimea ayinakuze ithelekiswe kunye ntsimi.

Reserve "Cape-Mars"

Ukuba ukuqhuba kancinci ukuya ngasempuma odumileyo Nikita Botanical Gardens, imfuneko indlela ukuhlangabezana bucala "Cape-Marian." yonke indawo ngaphakathi nommandla wayo, kuquka indawo amanzi oLwandle Black ulingana no-240 yeehektare. isimo Reserve yena eyanikwayo ngo-1973, lo gama phantsi ukhuselo urhulumente nalo ngo-1947.

ikhadi Business ye reserve - ehlathini oyidingayo, apho ikhula iintlobo zezityalo kungekho ngaphantsi abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu, ubukhulu becala ukubayinxalenye uhlobo lweMeditera. Igama "Arbutus red" (or "Madrono Small berried") ingafunyanwa kwi-International Red Book. Oku ngummeli engaqhelekanga imithi ebanzi ezivulwa evergreen, apho zifumaneka ikakhulu kwimpuma yezwekazi yaseYurophu. Oku, futhi, eCrimea National Park, ngoko ke abantu abahlala kulo mmandla kunye izityalo ngendlela ekhethekileyo.

Reserve "Swan Islands"

In Karkinitsky Bay - Sea Black lingqongwe emantla-ntshona unxweme iCrimea - ezi Swan Islands kunye egciniweyo igama elifanayo. ummandla ogcweleyo ngu 9612 eehektare.

I-Reserve yinxalenye indlela, apho neentaka aphaphazele aye ngasezantsi Europe (Asia, Africa). Isiqithi wakhethwa cormorants, flamingos, ama herring, ookhwalimanzi kunye nangaphezulu. D. Kuba kulwakhiwo iindlwane zazo. Kanye njengokuba abaninzi 265 iintlobo zeentaka.

Wonke umntu kufuneka atyelele iipaki zesizwe eCrimea, uluhlu apho linikwa kweli nqaku. Ezi zindawo ndiziyolisa kwaye mangaza bayancokola yayo.