Commissariat - is ... Imbali lo mbutho. ndlela commissariats

Commissariat - oku umzimba liphezulu yolawulo karhulumente. Wayezimisele ukuba awabe kulawulo kumacandelo ngamanye uqoqosho phakathi yaBantu Commissars (ngoku umlungiseleli) kunye nabanye abasebenzi bakarhulumente.

History of imfundo

Ekuqaleni Commissariats zadalwa ngowe-1917, i-All-Russian Congress of qumrhu. Yonke imibutho ntsha aba yinxalenye urhulumente waseSoviet, nto leyo intloko nguLenin ngelo xesha VI

Ngowe-1918, inkqubo commissariat the People, apho kwabe kwakhona yacaciswa ukuba "Commissariat" kwathiwa kumGaqo-siseko RSFSR, ziqonde ngoonobumba injongo ukusebenza, njalo njalo. D. Ke bekukho 18 commissariats kuwo onke amasebe umsebenzi karhulumente.

Sele 1922, ngexesha lokusekwa yiSoviet Union inani lotshintsho eyenziwe kwisistim. Inani ngabakomishinala lancipha ukuya ezilishumi, kodwa ke sigqunywa ngokupheleleyo yonke eSoviet Union. Isiqingatha kubo bonke-Union, kwaye esinye isiqingatha - zidityanisiwe. Ngowe-1923 lona Regulations on the People kaThixo Commissariat, apho ababhaliselwe amanqaku kwi umyalelo impefumlelwano Commissariats esingumzekelo seeRiphablikhi Union. Commissariat, inkcazelo yayo ukuqalisa ngolawulo ngokupheleleyo ishishini labo, ngoku unalo igunya elikhupha imimiselo, imiyalelo kunye nemiyalelo.

Ngowe-1936, utshintsho ezinye ziye ngayo umyalelo siseko kunye yaBantu Commissariat - inguqu kubaphathiswa United kwi Union-Republican. Ngaloo lenzeka union-republic nabo bonke-union oomkhomishinari ezilishumi ezisibhozo. Ukuphuhlisa uqoqosho lwesizwe kule minyaka ilishumi ezayo, ebeka commissariats abantu bakaThixo omnye lobeko. Kwaye 1946 umthetho omtsha walitshintsha igama ngabakomishinala, ngoku yaBantu Commissariat - solu lungiselelo.

Ubume kubaphathiswa

YaBantu Commissariat yaba igunya ephambili kulawulo amanqanaba ngamnye ngamnye ubomi Soviet. Xa intloko Commissariat yaba yaBantu Commissar. Zonke kubaphathiswa commissariats ezahlukeneyo bemanyene ukongeza kwiBhunga Commissars yaBantu. republic union nganye commissariats zayo Councils of Commissars yaBantu.

Commissariat Abantu nganye ngokuba namajoni angama-amasebe:

- ulawulo case;

- kuqeqesho lwabasebenzi;

- phezu inxalenye yowiso-mthetho;

- kwimicimbi yemali;

- khowudi ulwazi oluyimfihlo;

- lokuqondisa amaziko emfundo;

Committee on Affairs zomthetho -.

Njengoko inani labasebenzi yafikelela abantu 150-170 e Commissariat nganye.

izikhombisi

Ummiselo ka-1917 ezichongiweyo kwiindawo ezilandelayo Commissariats zomsebenzi:

- imicimbi zangaphakathi (okanye NKVD);

- ezolimo;

- imfundo zabasebenzi;

- yomkhosi aselwandle imicimbi;

- imfundo;

- yezimali;

- ubudlelwane namazwe angaphandle;

- umsebenzi wobugqwetha;

- ukudla;

- Imeyili ne Telegraph;

- ushishino kaloliwe.

Ngowe-1932 zangamawele, zithabathela ngomnye 3 UMkomishinala: enzima, ukukhanya, kunye noshishino wehlathi.

Imivuzo of Commissars Abantu

Commissariat - ukuba yinxalenye yenkqubo karhulumente, ke ngoko, kwafuneka ukuba phezulu ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje liqela yolawulo kwemivuzo. Noko ke, ngelo xesha, izinto ezahlukeneyo: ngoNovemba 1917, uLenin isalelo kwi imivuzo yabasebenzi of Commissars Abantu kunye nabanye abasebenzi bakarhulumente.

Ngokwale umthetho zonke Commissar wafumana wenyanga engange-500. Ukuba nokwakhiwa nentsapho yakhe abakhubazekileyo abemi (abantwana, abadala okanye abantu abakhubazekileyo), ngoko ukuba umntu ngamnye enjalo phezu yaBantu Commissar ukuhlawula extra $ 100 nyanga zonke. Xa zonke iingqikelelo, ingeniso commissar lwabantu-ntsapho wayelingana kwingeniso avareji msebenzi.

Commissariat - kwenkcazo 'izinyanya "ngoku kunye nemisebenzi zabaphathiswa, isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza apho sigcinwe kangangenkulungwane ivavanywa utshintsho kuphela ezingephi.