Ugunyaziso intsapho - yintoni na le nto? Yintoni usapho akhuthaze endle ngokusemthethweni?

Ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, abantwana namhlanje abaninzi zishiywa ukulondolozwa ngabazali kunye nothando. abasebenzi yokuhlala wenza yonke into ukwenza abantwana bazive bekhuselekile. Kodwa endaweni umama kunye notata akakwazi mntu. Ukwamkelwa kwabantwana - yinto enye enkulu. amalungu ezincinane oluntu ongiwe, kunye abadala va uvuyo lokuba ngumzali.

Yintoni mkhaya?

Enye yeyona ixhaphakileyo iintlobo ndikhuliswe iinkedama - usapho awuqeshelweyo. Eli lithuba lokuba abantwana bazive ngathi abantu yinxalenye yabantu kwaye ukukhula ukukhathalelwa kunye nothando. Abazali bazobe lokukhulisa umntwana. Sebenzisa iinkedama akukho mfuneko. Kuxhomekeke kwisayizi iimeko zokuhlala kunye abaphilileyo ithathelwe intsapho kubantwana-1 ukuya ku-4. Lo mfundi uhlala nabazali abangabondli ukuya kwiminyaka eli-18.

Common namhlanje nazo-uhlobo usapho ezintandane. Olu luhlobo eyahlukileyo ephezulwana ukhathalelo. Abazali bafumana intlawulo efanelekileyo ekukhuliseni iinkedama kunye nesiqulatho. Kulo mzekelo, ungathatha abantwana ngaphezulu kwe-10 kuzo zonke izigaba zobudala. Abantwana bayazi ukuba bahlala kwikhaya foster. Ngaphandle koku, bafumana kuninyamekela efanayo nabanye abantwana kubazali babo.

Ugunyaziso Usapho rhoqo phantsi kweliso lweenkonzo zentlalo. Abazali benza njengoko bekucetyiwe. Iinkedama ngokufuthi kweyela kusapho okanye nezinye iingxaki zengqondo. abazali Ukukhuthaza kunye zengqondo kunye noonontlalontle benza yonke into ukuze umntwana njengoko liye lakwazi ukuzivumelanisa iimeko ezintsha.

Features ngabondli ekhaya

Kuqala kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umntwana zokuphelisa usapho iwonga yinkedama (ngokuchasiweyo inkqubo adoption). Oku kuthetha ukuba zonke izibonelelo zikarhulumente kunye neentlawulo ahlale. iinkonzo zentlalo banokwenza siye njalo iiholide kunye nolonwabo. Ukongeza, iinkedama yenyanga pension ihlawulwe. Yiba entsatsheni, abantwana de babe badala okanye lokuthweswa ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukubonelela ngemisebenzi kunye yokulala. Abantwana begazi kuphela ixesha elithile ebomini. Ngaphandle koku, abazali abangabondli kunye neewadi zakhe ngokufuthi ubuhlobo obuhle. iinkedama abaninzi siphila kusapho kunye besebancinane abadala.

It has a lot of izibophelelo okhulisa usapho karhulumente. Abazali afumana iintlawulo Ukugcinwa endilisekileyo kunye nemfundo yabantwana. Abantu abadala abaye bagqiba kwelokuba kukubonelela iinkedama, kuyimfuneko ukuba kudlula yoqeqesho efanelekileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, zonke emi-2 kufuneka bangenele izifundo ngokutsha.

Isimo "inkedama" igcinwa?

Ugunyaziso usapho - kukukwazi ukukhulisa abantwana kuluhlu exineneyo ngakumbi. Njengoko ootitshala ezi abadala (inkunzi nemazi) abaye bagqiba ukuba abantwana kukhathalelo. Kodwa nokwamkelwa hayi nimthethayo. Abantwana basoloko banethuba ukunxibelelana kunye nabazali babo bemvelo, ukuba oyifunayo. Amaxesha amaninzi kids iinkedama kunye nezalamane ophilileyo. Abadala ngendlela engalunganga yobomi, musa andikhathali ngokufanelekileyo ukuze umntwana evinjwa amalungelo lobuzali. Itakane lufika kwi khusi. Unxibelelwano kunye nosapho ahlukane kuphela kwimeko apho umntwana uya kwamkelwa.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba usapho lokondla akakwazi ukuyeka ukuze uxoxe kunye nezalamane igazi, iintlanganiso kunye nabazali bemvelo kubanjwa egadiwe ngokungqongqo. Nanini na kunokwenzeka, le ntlanganiso cwaka kakhulu iphetshwe. Unxibelelwano kunye nosapho inokuba umothuko lokwenene umntwana. Kwaye ke impilo nangokwasengqondweni abantwana obagcinileyo kufuneka eze kuqala.

ukuba akhuliswe kunokwenzeka?

Ugunyaziso usapho - olu luhlobo okwethutyana ukubeka abantwana. Umntwana uyazi ukuba abazali bakhe abakho lomthonyama. Eyona nto inzima kukuba lo mzuzu ukuba usana kwamkelwa ngomnye usapho ngaphandle kwemvume umphathiswa wethutyana. Nje ukuba abantu baza ukuba amkele usana apho, oko zisuswe kwirejista iintsapho awuqeshelweyo.

Abantwana ngokukhawuleza kunamathela abazali besibini. Umwana abanye abantu kuba sijamelane zengqondo kakhulu ukuba umntwana. Ngethamsanqa, amatakane ubudala isizathu kunqabile ukhetha ukuba yamkelwe. Amaninzi ke amatakane ukuya ngonyaka, nto leyo kufuneka attachment encinane kubanonopheli zabo, yaye ngokukhawuleza nokuchuma nokuhlala kwiimeko ezintsha.

Ngubani na ukuba umzali?

Ikhuliswa enokwenziwa ngabantu yobudala zomthetho, imali iyonke ukuba eli lungu losapho ngaphezu ubuncinane subsistence esekwe ngumthetho. Indoda nebhinqa singatshatanga isenokungabi nakubagcini umntwana efanayo. Kubalulekile kwimpilo yabantu abafuna ukwenza usapho foster. Phambi kokuba wokubhala kufuneka bangenele uviwo lonyango ngokupheleleyo. Abakwazi ukuthatha abantwana ngabantu ababhalisiweyo kule unyango ngamachiza okanye lwesifo sephepha lemithi.

Abantu abo enetyala okanye anqunyulwe amalungelo lobuzali kwakhona awukwazi ukudala intsapho foster. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo abazali besibini yangaphambili, ukuba umntwana babuyela yokuhlala ezandleni zabo. Ukuba abadala ezilungele zonke izibonisi, kufuneka aqeqeshwe. Ugunyaziso usapho kufuneka libe ngasemva oyinyaniso abantwana evinjwa ingqalelo yabazali.

Imfundo abazali umntwana njengowabo

School abazali besibini - kwisigaba samalungiselelo, nto leyo yenza ukuba abantu babone ukuba Singakwazi ukufundisa kakuhle abantwana non-lweenkobe. Le program ilungiselelwe zonke ezi zikolo iyafana. Le evunywe yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMpilo. Ngexesha uqeqesho, abazali ziya kwaziswa malunga ngemfundo yabantwana ezivela ezintandane omsebenzi osemqoka, funda iimfuno zabo. Ngexesha uqeqesho,-20% yabantu abadala uchase olu luvo ekudaleni sixhenxe kunokwamkela. Kwaye akukho nto iphosakeleyo. Hlakulela ngabemi emihle abantu kuphela abakholelwa amakhono abo. Ukuba akukho ngokuqinisekileyo enjalo, angafanele ukuqala.

Ngexesha uqeqesho kwengqondo basebenza nabazali elizayo. Xa abadala, kukho ezininzi izinto ezinxulumene ngekamva nokuqashwa. Abantu abaninzi boyika ukuba umntwana owamkelwe entsatsheni ilifa mikhwa mibi nezalamane igazi. Oku kwenzeke, kakade. Kodwa ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba imfundo efanelekileyo. Ukuba usana lwakho ukwalathisa amandla kwicala elifanelekileyo, iza kuya ikhula ilungu yinxalenye yoluntu. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba abantwana bakhuphela ukuziphatha abadala. Kufuneka wamisela umzekelo omhle umntu omncinane. Kwaye ngoko bonke mikhwa mibi uya kuza "hayi."

Indlela ukudala intsapho awuqeshelweyo?

Ugunyaziso usapho - oku inyathelo elibalulekileyo. Abo bafika kuyo, ekuqaleni ukuza sixeko iziko iinkonzo zentlalo kunye isicelo efanelekileyo. Okulandelayo kuya kufuneka ukuba ube iphakheji amaxwebhu, nto leyo eya kubandakanya zokundwendwela yabazali, inombolo yesazisi, isiqinisekiso somtshato, isiqinisekiso impilo amalungu entsapho, isiqinisekiso zesakhiwo yosapho. Iikopi zala maxwebhu ziya kufuneka ukuba.

Imfundo abazali besibini yinto yokuqala efunekayo. uqeqesho olufanelekileyo nazo uye kwiziko wengingqi kwiinkonzo zentlalo. Emva koqeqesho, abazali kufuneka ithuba Bhodi yeTrasti. Kulapha ukuba isigqibo ukuba okanye hayi isibini zifanelekile ukuba indalo lentsapho foster. Ukuba yonke into kakuhle, abazali besibini ukuze bakhethe ukufundisa abantwana (ukusuka ku 1 ukuya ku-4, kuxhomekeke isigqibo Board of Trustees). Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zenziwa Inqanaba lokugqibela le-amaphepha omthetho.

inkxaso ekuhlaleni

State uthembisa ukunika ngokuqhubekayo inkxaso kwezentlalo kwiintsapho ongengowakho. Usapho nganye yabela ilungu efanelekileyo abasebenzi rhoqo tyelela usapho yokunxibelelana nabantwana. Oku kwenza kube lula ukubona ukuba uvakalelwa kakuhle baziphethe umntwana akhuthaze intsapho ifumana kuyimfuneko ukunyanyekelwa kubantu abadala. Abazali kunye nabantwana ukunika inkxaso yengqondo. Kusoloko kukho ithuba lokuba afune uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo.

Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini abazali umntwana njengowabo, iintsapho kunye nabantwana yamkelwa ukuthatha izifundo ukuba nokuphucula amathuba emfundo abadala. Ngokufunda ukubandakanya abaziingcali bengqondo, pedagogy, amayeza. Abazali akufuneki kuphela zingqonge abantwana uthando, kodwa uyazi njani ukuba baziphathe olubhaliweyo lomdlalo, indlela ukunika uncedo lokuqala.

ukukhathalelwa komntwana ngamnye, abazali abaye bathatha kwimfundo yabantwana yi-HIV. Aba bantwana kuphela ngesivumelwano abadala Unokucela ukuba usapho foster. Ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka kuya kufuneka ukuba afumane uqeqesho ukuze banyamekele kids abagulayo. Ngokuba bekhulisa abantwana abosulelwe yi-HIV babonelelwa inkuthazo ezongezelelweyo ukukhuthaza iintsapho.

Iimbopheleleko abazali abangabondli

Abazali Ukukhuthaza ukusebenza njengabameli ngokusemthethweni abantwana kwimibutho kunye nosomashishini. Abantu abadala banoxanduva ubomi nempilo abantwana. uphuhliso engqondweni nasemzimbeni zabantwana foster care iwela emagxeni abadala. Indoda nomfazi lowo bagqiba ukwenza usapho foster, kufuneka wenze yonke into ukuze umntwana abe lilungu yinxalenye yoluntu. Itakane iya kufunda kwizikolo eziziisekondari. Abazali kubona ukuba kwakukho zonke iimeko zophuhliso engqondweni.

Abazali Ukukhuthaza banelungelo lokuba asebenzise iindlela zokufundisa imfundo, ukohlwaya umntwana ngenxa yokungathobeli, iyakukhuthaza. ubuchule Umzali kuxoxwe mfuneko ntle. Yintoni ngokupheleleyo akakwazi ukwenza ukuze uphakamise isandla sakho ukuba ukukhuthaza abantwana bade iinjongo zemfundo.

Amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi abantwana begazi

Ngokuba abantwana, ndayihluthwa ukulondolozwa ngabazali, zonke iziqinisekiso karhulumente kunye nezibonelelo zigcinwa ngokupheleleyo wadibana nentsapho foster. Bakwazi ukufumana inkxaso umntwana umhlala eziye owabelwe ngaphambili. Ukufumana uncedo lwemali abazali besibini ngayo abantwana. Iinkonzo zentlalo uya kubona ukuba le mali yasetyenziswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantwana. Ukuze uphuhliso eqhelekileyo iinkedama nje enye, ndadala intsapho lokondla. Iintlawulo zingadluliselwa i-akhawunti nabondli ebhankini.

Abantwana begazi banelungelo ukudibana kunye nezalamane negazi, ukuba akuvumelekanga yinkundla. Kodwa kunqabile kwenziwa. Kaninzi kwimikhukhu ukufumana abantwana, umama kunye notata abathe basweleka okanye evinjwa amalungelo lobuzali.

Apha naphaya kwee-umntwana kwintsapho foster

Abazali abaninzi uthathe lokugcina abantwana abancinane, ngubani na lula apha naphaya iimeko ezintsha. Xa umntwana omdala oku kwahluka kancinci. Ngemihla okuqala ilungu elitsha lentsapho kunokuba cwaka nimphulaphule kuyo yonke into. Kuthatha akukho ngaphezu kweveki kwaye umntwana eyeka ukuphulaphula abazali bakhe elitsha. Kubalulekile ukubonisa kwangoko ngubani okhonyayo endlwini. Musa ukoyika ukwenza izimvo ilungu losapho elitsha.

Ukuziqhelanisa labantwana foster care kaninzi kuthatha iinyanga ezimbalwa. Ukuba umntwana sele ifikelele kubudala isikolo, ukuba amse usapho ngcono ekuqaleni leeholide zasehlotyeni. Ngeli xesha, abantu abadala baya kuba nako ukuchitha ixesha elininzi ilungu losapho elitsha iya kuba nako ukwenza kucace ukuba akukho angeke kuphazamise nabani na.

benefits

Ugunyaziso Family (2014) kuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo ngurhulumente ngokwezimali. Abazali bafumana uncedo olulingana kathathu wemivuzo kumntwana ngamnye. Ixesha yokuhlala wosana entsatsheni iqukiwe ubude iyonke wenkonzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abazali besibini uyakwazi ukubala kwakhona kwi pension endilisekileyo.

Abantwana entsatsheni isimo wayeyinkedama. Kwakhona imali izibonelelo ezifanelekileyo. Ukuze ukulahla imali kuyinzuzo yomntwana ngabazali njengowabo.

Kuye iinzuzo ezininzi usapho awuqeshelweyo. Iintlawulo ngo-2014 zinika ithuba ukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo iimpahla umntwana kunye nokutya. Ukongezelela, abantwana zinokufundiswa neemali iiholide zempilo kunye namakhaya leeholide.

Ngamafuphi

usapho ingaya inokuba enye enkulu ukuba yamkelwe. Abantwana kunye nemeko 'inkedama' iya kusoloko banxibe izicathulo, abazali babo baya kukwazi zingqonge ngenkathalo kunye ingqalelo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba adale intsapho foster kufuneka acinge izihlandlo eziliqela. Injongo kufuneka ibe ingeniso evela kurhulumente, yaye umnqweno ukuba yinxalenye yoluntu, owathi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo kuvinjwa uthando usapho abazali.