Iinyembezi semehlo amehlo, oonobangela, unyango, iziphumo

Abantu abaninzi ehlabathini namhlanje abakwazi ukubona impilo yabo ngaphandle imbono ibonakale kwabanye. Oku Bulelani kunokwenzeka nokusebenza kwamalungu - amehlo. Iqela kwezifo liso zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Baba ngenxa yokuguga kunqandwa le ephilayo, kwakunye phantsi kwempembelelo yeemeko zemveli kunye zithe zadala. Phakathi kwezi ezimbi ezichaphazela umgangatho umbono, iliso libhekisa iinyembezi semehlo. Ingaba lo enkulu?

Makhe sithethe nokwakheka

Retina - ke inyama intle vakalelo ezisebenza umsebenzi ukukhanya wakuqonda. It iqulathe kweentonga kunye cone. Owona msebenzi wabo inguqu rhoqo amandla na la mandla ukukhanya, kunye nenguqu yabo ingqondo, ibangela umntu ubona izinto leyinene.

Le ndawo ngaphambili retina uphela umgca dentate. Yena, yena, ibambelela umzimba ciliary. Kwelinye icala retina ukunxibelelana emzimbeni vitreous. Qaphela ukuba lonke ubude lwalo lathamba elidityaniswe izicwili ezininzi. Noko ke, nokuhlangana yomeleleyo busisigxina kwindawo macular, ndinibumbela umgca dentate ezijikeleze luvo optic.

ubukhulu semehlo kummandla ngalinye iyohluka. Umzekelo, kummandla umgca dentate ngayo nama-0,14 mm, kufuphi luteum - 0,07 mm. Ukuqwalasela oku kungasentla iimpawu yokwakheka lako lubonisa ukuba breaks semehlo kungenzeka naphi na.

ngezigaba

Ulwahlulo kwesi sifo izalana ngokusondeleyo oonobangela imvelaphi yayo. Xa amayeza mihla, oko wagqiba ukwabela iintlobo ezine iinyembezi semehlo.

1. Tubing. Abunjwe iindawo ukuxozwa inkulu esikule ndawo ebizwa ngokuba umbono peripheral. Yokunqongophala konyango kwangexesha kungakhokelela kwecala.
2. Valve. Eyona unobangela izifo - ezo ekwiretina ngqo vitreous. Indlela yale nkqubo imi ngolu hlobo. Ulwelo oluhluzeka emzimbeni vitreous kwaye iphantsi kwiretina. It usebenzisa uxinzelelo inwebu, apho yokugqibela nabanye kwiretina. Xa umthungo yangaphambili kukho izikhewu ezininzi.
3. Kwecala retina kumgca dentate le. Pathology eyenzeke ngenxa ukunyhashwa intsebenziswano epheleleyo retina emzimbeni ciliary.
4. Macular. Le ngezifo uqobo kwasekwa kwindawo umbono engundoqo. Ukuba ixesha akafuni ukunceda isigulane, kwenyusa amathuba okuba ngelahleko.

Macular amehlo kujuba semehlo

utshintsho ezinxulumene-Age iqatshelwe uburharha vitreous, ukwahlukana yayo kancinane ukusuka retina - ngoyena nobangela ezivuzayo macular. Kungenjalo, le hlobo abana ibizwa ngokuba idiopathic okanye ezizenzekelayo.

Ngowe-10% amatyala le ngezifo amiliswe ngenxa zidluliselwe ngaphambili yokwenzakala ocular. Kubonakala ngenxa okubulala kwaphula ngqo nge lweliso lakho, nto leyo nakanjani kubangela ukuba kwecala kwingingqi engundoqo.

Ukongeza, kaninzi uphuhliso le ngezifo ibangelwa kuhlinzwa iinketho zonyango rhegmatogenous lamabutho semehlo. Le ingxaki kwenzeka kwenye ekhulwini lezigulane. Izazi ukuvela kophulwa xi yakhe ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi, uphuhliso abanesigulo epiretinal.

gap Macular unesifo ikakhulu nabafazi abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-55 ukuya kwiminyaka engama-65. Ngowe-12% amatyala ngezifo na abambiseneyo.

Kutheni amehlo kujuba semehlo ukuze yenzeke?

Izinto ezibangela le sifo zincediswe yimiba into enegalelo ekwenzeni umfanekiso yezonyango lulonke kunye kukhokelele kuphuhliso kwecala semehlo. Ezi ziquka:

• umzimba kakhulu;
• atyiwe umonakalo emehlweni;
• sesichengeni elide kuxinezeleko;
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
• iminyaka ngeminyaka;
• emathafeni ezibukhali kwaye bexhuma;
• onzima.

uqhekeko semehlo kaninzi kwenzeka ngenxa ukunyhashwa zethala epheleleyo kunye nokuguga lwamaxesha lweliso lakho. Abo abasengozini ziquka abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantu ukuthambekela ilifa dystrophic utshintsho amalungu wombono, kwakunye ukubandezeleka ngokulinganisela ukubona / esibi.

Ziziphi iimpawu kufuneka uqaphele?

Iinyembezi incinane semehlo ixesha elide awukwazi abonakalise iimpawu kubi. Bona Akukho mpawu ezahlukeneyo iimpawu, ngoko izigulane kunqabile ukuba ukuqeshwa kunye zamehlo. Kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo ezi mpawu zilandelayo.

• Imbonakalo ezithile, iqala phambi kwamehlo. Oku oqaphelekayo ingakumbi kwigumbi elimnyama.
• "Iimpukane 'phambi kwamehlo akhe. Loo ebonisa ibonisa ekuqaleni looding okanye kwinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo ebandakanya iimpahla zincinane yegazi.
• ukungaboni okanye uhlaba izinto ezibonakalayo lwenzeka xa umsantsa kudlulela indawo esembindini iso.
• Imbonakalo turbid isigqubuthelo zithwala ngohlangothi mnye. Le uphawu kubonisa ekuqaleni kwenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwaye kufuna uncedo ngoko nangoko zamehlo.

Ezinye izigulane zithi emva kokuba kuphumla ixesha elithile, zonke iimpawu shwaka. Iingcali bathi oku kukuba kokuhlala ixesha elide a, indawo yabantu oxwesileyo kunegalelo i "eqondisa" retina. Le imeko yezonyango ibizwa njengento ngengqondo. Emva kwethutyana, zonke iimpawu kubuya kwakhona.

amanyathelo zokuxilonga

Iimpawu-zikhankanywe ngasentla leengxaki azibonakali ngokucacileyo ngokwabo kunqabile kakhulu. Chonga izikhewu retina ukulungisa indawo yabo, limisele inani kunye nobukhulu kuphela zamehlo. Moshilongo ngempumelelo kufuna abanezakhono ngokulungisa yokuziphatha oku kulandelayo:

• luhlolo isibane noqhoqhoqho;
• isifundo eneenkcukacha isakhiwo fundus;
• US amehlo.

Ngokutsho iziphumo zophando olupheleleyo isigulane ugqirha angakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba afunyaniswe isifo kwaye afumane unyango abanobuchule.

imigaqo yonyango

Xa ezimbi ezinjalo, umsantsa retina, unyango ingase intsumpa kuphela. Xa ugqirha wakho yaqinisekisa uxilongo, kuthomalaliso kufuneka kuqaliswe ngoko nangoko. Umiso lwe utyelelo kugqirha okanye ukuzama self-unyango kunokuphumela yimfama iyonke.

Okwangoku, iingcali zinika iinketho eziliqela lo msebenzi.

1. Laser coagulation. Ngale ndlela kotyando babhenela rhoqo, kuba likuvumela ukuba ukubeka ecaleni ngokupheleleyo retina angazikrazuli amehlo akhe. Utyando lwenziwa usebenzisa zomzimba zasekuhlaleni kunye ezizodwa laser-coagulants. Bachaphazela kumanxuwa athile, nto leyo ithetha ukwanda lendawo lobushushu. Ngenxa yoko, mikroozhogi ezininzi wabumba, ngaloo ndlela ekufezekiseni coalescence le retina ngqo ukusuka choroid. yonke Olu tyando kuthatha imizuzu ngaphantsi kwama-30 yaye akafuni kufuna ixesha ekuphulukenwe kwindawo esibhedlele.
2. retinopexy womoya. Isiseko sale nkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: nangoko emva kokuba ugqirha zomzimba em- vitreous Lwazisa kwiqamza igesi encinane. Owona msebenzi walo ukubamba retina alohlukaniswa ukusuka choroid. Malunga neentsuku ezili-14 emva koko ekugqibeleni olubekwe yi coagulation cryopexy okanye laser.
3. Vitrectomy - oku ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Uyayinceda idla abhenele xa kukho retina macular angazikrazuli amehlo akhe. Unyango kulo mzekelo ibandakanya replacement wokuqala vitreous kwi oyile abicah okhethekileyo, yaye emva koko - in saline.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukuze kuzuzwe isiphumo ozinzileyo emihle kufuna ukulandelelana imisebenzi emininzi. izigulane ezinjalo ziba iindwendwe rhoqo kwi-ofisi zamehlo kaThixo, ngenxa yokuba kukho amathuba aphezulu isenzeko ugqabhuka ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Lokubuyisa emva kotyando

Emva kotyando, ugqirha ubeka iqhiya okhethekileyo iliso, apho zisuswe ngosuku olulandelayo. Ukuba ngexesha kokuphatha isigulana uvakalelwa ukuba tamponade umoya udubuleke iso musa ukuba, ukoyika ukuhla elibukhali. Emazantsi umsebenzi kuya ngokuthe isuswa ngokukodwa eyenzelwe uhlamba amehlo ulwelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ugqirha yazisa zonke iingxaki.

Ngokuxhomekeke abasondelayo kusetyenziswa specialist ukuphelisa iinyembezi semehlo, ukuhlala postoperative esibhedlele ingadluli kwiintsuku ezintathu. Ugqirha kufuneka uxelele ngokuyimfuneko esebenza ngamafutha ukuya kummandla ochaphazelekayo njengoko ukuthatha unonophelo kwayo kakuhle. Xa isahlakalo yobunzima emva osenyameni (isicaphucaphu, iintlungu kakhulu kwi iliso, ukungaboni) kufuneka ngaphandle kokulibazisa ukuba bafune uncedo zamehlo.

nemiphumela yezifo

iinyembezi semehlo amehlo zingakhokelela eziliqela iingxaki ezinkulu, yeyona ixhaphakileyo egqalwa lamabutho yayo. Kulo mzekelo, laser photocoagulation na alusebenzi. Iingcali kufuneka wenziwa utyando okanye vitrectomy ilothe ngetywina sclera yi abicah sponge.

Emva kotyando, ngoko izigulane bacetyiswa ukuba babe phantsi kweliso lomgadi zamehlo, ukunciphisa ithuba ukuphinda. Uyacetyiswa ukuba siphephe umthambo olunzulu kunye okukhulu.

amanyathelo othintelo

Ukuthintela iinyembezi semehlo, iziphumo ngohlobo looding layo, kubalulekile ukuba bagcine amanyathelo ezisisiseko zokuthintela. Kwindawo yokuqala kucetyiswa ukuba iliso impilo kwaye atyelele rhoqo zamehlo. Kufuneka balandele indlela echanekileyo zomsebenzi ukuphumla, musa ukuchitha ixesha elininzi lakhe zipalini kwindawo esweni computer.

Abantu abanengxaki uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye isifo seswekile, kufuneka iliso uxinzelelo kunye indices glucose egazini. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na iimpawu lidiza yale ngezifo, kubalulekile ngaphandle kokulibazisa ukuba ufune uncedo lonyango, kuba iindleko nga ngokoqobo ukuya kule wotshi.

isiphelo

Kweli nqaku, sathetha ngayo yintoni na retina angazikrazuli amehlo akhe. Ingaba lo enkulu? Kwagqitywa umbuzo onjalo uvuka zizigulane, apho ugqirha uye isifo efanayo. Kakade ke, nayiphi na ingxaki yempilo xa engekho unyango abanobuchule ziyingozi. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle kunye retina angazikrazuli amehlo akhe. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kangaka kunye ukubonakala iimpawu eziphambili ngezifo bafune uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo, musa bazihlube utyelelo yincutshe.

Siyathemba ukuba ingcaciso thaca kweli nqaku liza kuba luncedo ngokwenene kuwe. Hlala uphilile!