Biography Brief Maclay NN

Maclay - ngubani na? Phezu kwako nje ukuthandwa lalo mntu, umbuzo usekho efanelekileyo, kwaye zingafunyanwa abaninzi abasebenzisi kumaqonga abantu abafuna ulwazi ngaye. Ndimele ndithi, engobomi Maclay uxelela nje ibali lomntu ubomi entsha, kwaye ithumba kwaye akabandulula de kwiteksti lokugqibela. Akumangalisi ke umhambi idumileyo kwakudla kulala kwintsapho yomlawuli, ebalisa ibali umdla malunga Papuans.

Biography Maclay abantwana kunye nabantu abadala

UNikolai Maclay wazalelwa kwilali encinane yeelwimi, ebe kwiphondo Novgorod. Umhla wokuzalwa - Juni 17, 1846. Okulandelayo Kwafika umhambi kwintsapho unguwo. uyise UNikolai yaba injineli kaloliwe, ngoko ngokufuthi usapho kwafuneka ukuba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Biography Maclay ukususela iintetho besebancinane malunga ngohambo lwakhe kwimimandla Russia. Ngowe ngo1856 uyise wamiselwa yintloko yokuphakanyiswa le Vyborg emendweni yaye nangona nesifo sephepha, waya kusebenza. Layisha ekugqibeleni zayidiliza impilo yintloko yekhaya, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-41.

Usapho wahlala mali eziye imali kwi equities, ngoko ke abantwana Anibashiyanga ngaphandle kwezemfundo. Ukongeza, unina ka-Nicholas benza nokuzoba iimephu ezibangela ingeniso olongezelelweyo. Biography Maclay uthi imfundo yakhe oke ootitshala babemenyiwe nabo kuloo ndlu. Omnye wabo aboniswa italente inkwenkwe ukuze ukuzoba.

Biography Maclay: Gymnasium

Ngowe ngo1856, UNikolai kunye umzalwana wakhe Sergei waya esikolweni, kwiBanga lesi-3. Kungekudala, Noko ke, wamcenga unina ukuguqulela zibe Izabelo breech. Akhona eXcellent ukufunda akazange kukhanya le nkwenkwe, yaye ngokufuthi idlala abaphula umthetho. Nokuba kwibakala 5, watshintshelwa ukuba kwenzeke nomnye ummangaliso. Kwiminyaka eli-15, wathabatha inxaxheba umboniso kunye nabahlobo bakhe umzalwana wakhe; kuba yena esiphelweni. Abazalwana bekhululwe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, ebala imposiso ngexesha lokuvalelwa.

eyunivesithi

Kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo Maclay wahlala de-1863, emva koko wagqiba ekubeni angene Academy of Arts Fine, apho elibi indlela unina Nicholas. Ngenxa yoko, waba ntliziyo le Moscow University of Physics and Mathematics Faculty. Nicholas ngenkuthalo, ingqalelo ngokukodwa iinzululwazi zendalo.

Emva konyaka Maclay wagxothwa eyunivesithi. Isizathu yaba impatho embi yemigaqo - Nicholas wazama ukubamba isakhiwo iqabane lakhe. Njengoko kuchaziwe emva umhambi ngokwakhe, yena akuvumelekile kufunda eyunivesithi Russian.

Germany

Emva kokuba ityala Nicholas ukufumana indawo entsha yesifundo aphesheya. Ukhetho wawa phezu eJamani, apho amaxwebhu kwimfundo kufuneka amaziko. Lo mkhaya imeko enzima zemali, kodwa umama wam azibeke onke amandla akhe, yaye entwasahlobo ka-1864 i-Maclay oselula waya eJamani.

The University of Heidelberg wabandakanyeka qhankqalazo ulutsha sikhanyise imiqobo. Nicholas wema phezu kwicala labo, nkqu wazama ukufunda ulwimi Polish, leyo ababemelene unina, lowo akubona ukuba unyana injineli abanetalente. Ehlotyeni konyaka olandelayo Maclay wafudukela Leipzig, apho waqalisa ukufunda ukulawula kwezolimo kunye namahlathi. Apha wachitha iminyaka 4 elandelayo yobomi bam bafudukela Jena, wajoyina sokuzikhethela amayeza.

Canary Islands

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1866 Maclay bahamba uhambo ukuya esasiseSisili, leyo wamenywa ukuba Haeckel - kumlawuli zenzululwazi. Injongo yawo ukufunda izilwanyana lweMeditera. Nangona kunjalo, lo mkhankaso kungekudala lungqubano yimfazwe. Abahambi kwafuneka atshintshe indlela yabo, nto leyo wayebaleka iNgilane ikhoyo ngoku. Hi ndlela leyi, Nicholas kwakukho uyakwazi ukunxibelelana uDarwin ngokwakhe. Isiphelo obekho kwisiqithi Tenerife. Abantu balapha iindwendwe bamangaliswa, nokuzithatha nabenzi. Emva kolu hambo ifikelele Morocco apho Maclay wahlala ukubukela i Berbers.

Wabuyela Jena kuphela entwasahlobo 1867. Yena, uyaqhubeka esenza imisebenzi wabaviwa Haeckel kunye yakhululwa umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala zenzululwazi, phantsi leyo isayinwe njenge "Maclay". Iifoto umhambi entsha yokuqala ukuvela amaphepha ezinkulu. kunyaka olandelayo, kuba kaloku lokugqibela kwi-Faculty of Medicine. Nicholas uqala ukuba ngenkuthalo ukwenza uphando lwezenzululwazi.

uhambo

Maclay wazama ukuya kwiphulo polar, kodwa akazange angene kubo. Ngoko ke, asanda kufika esasiseSisili, apho bafika kuLwandle Olubomvu bafunda izilwanyana zayo. Ke kwabakho uhambo ukuya eYiputa kunye omninzi umsebenzi wophando. Ngowe-1869, umhambi ebuyela ekhaya lakhe eRashiya.

Into yokuqala awayenzayo ukubona intsapho yakhe, owayehlala ngoko e Saratov. Wandula ke inxaxheba kwiinkomfa eziliqela zenzululwazi yaye yaqukwa kwi-Russian Geographic Society. Ndenza uphando kweprojekthi Pacific, esaye samkelwa kungekudala.

Ekwindla ka-1870 yaqala hambo enqanaweni "Vityaz". Wayetyelele Brazil kunye nakwezinye iindawo. Kukuwa 1871, waya kufika emdeni New Guinea, apho iindwendwe zingeniswa ndikhwankqiswe nabantu basekuhlaleni. Wazinza kwindlu encinane waza waqalisa ukwenza ukuqhagamshelana balapho. Ixesha lokuqala, ukuba Lumkela gqirha, kodwa 1872 waqala ukwamkela naye njengomhlobo. Zase Maclay ogama njengentlonipho yokumbulela.

Ngasekupheleni kukaDisemba, Nicholas washiya unxweme New Guinea yaye waya Hong Kong, apho wayewulindele uzuko uphando. Abanye xesha baya eBatavia, yaye ekuqaleni 1874 bagqiba ukuphinda-kutyelela Guinea. Eli xesha wayeka e Ambon waza walwa kunye nabarhwebi khoboka yasekuhlaleni.

Kwixesha sesithathu nesokugqibela umhambi eza kubuyela kwisiqithi "yakhe" ngo-1883. Ngu abaninzi abahlobo bakhe ixesha, inzalelwane baye bafa, imbangela yokufa babo zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Umtshato nokufa

Ekupheleni kukaFebruwari 1884 Maclay utshate uMargaret Clark, kwaye ukuwa baba nonyana. Ngowe-1886, umhambi wabuyela eRashiya, apho uceba ukuqokelela i ikoloni kunxweme Guinea. Noko ke, injongo UNikolai Nikolaevich yatshabalala izifo - somhlaza, njengoko kuvela kamva. impilo yakhe kakhulu zehla 1887, yaye ekuqaleni kuka-Apreli 1888 umkhenkethi odumileyo wafa.