Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zokuqhubela phambili: uqeqesho, umsebenzi kunye noxanduva

Abaqhubi beenqwelo-mbambano zembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembutho yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yembambano yoluntu Laba ngabantu abanoyiko abaye baphosa umngeni wokugqibela kwaye baye baphucula iimvavanyo ezininzi. Ngoko ke, nabani na amaphupha aloo msebenzi, bafanele baqonde ukuba ubomi bakhe buya kuba nzima kwaye bunameva.

Kwaye ukuba into enjalo ingasabisayo, makhe sikhulume ngendlela yokuba ngumqhubi wendlela yokurhweba e-Russia. Ndiya kuhlala phi uqeqesho? Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani, kwaye ndingafumana njani umsebenzi?

Ukuqala kohambo olude

Okokuqala, umntu kufuneka aqonde ukuba kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba lifunde njengomqhubi wendlela yokuqhubela phambili. Emva kwayo yonke into, ngokungafani nemoto, ukulawula i-moya kufuneka kufuna ulwazi olubanzi: ukusuka kwisakhiwo sayo kunye nokuphela kweempawu zeenqwelo-moya kwiimozulu ezimbi.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka ulungiselele ukuba kuya kufuneka ufunde "iitoni" eziphathekayo zemfundo. Kule meko, kungekhona nje ukufunda yonke ingcaciso, kodwa unokukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lendiza. Ingakumbi ukuba ngokuzayo uceba ukwenza umsebenzi kwisakhiwo sorhwebo.

Iilayisenisi zokuhamba

Kuza kube yimhla, bonke abaqhubi beenqwelo zengqungquthela baphakanyiswa baba ngamaqela amakhulu amathathu. Oku kubangelwa kwinkqubo ekhutshelwe ilayisenisi, ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba bonke abaqhubi baqhubekile ukuba badlule. Nguye oza kugqiba ukuba yiyiphi na imoto enamaphiko umntu anokulawula.

Ngoko, kukho iindidi ezilandelayo zeelayisenisi :

1. PPL okanye umqhubi wangasese. Ukufumaneka kwale xwebhu kunika ilungelo lokusebenzisa iinqwelo ezincinci ezingajoliswanga kwintengiso yezithuthi. Ukubeka nje, ukuzonwabisa kwakho umntu angakwazi ukundiza njengento ayithandayo, kodwa akukho mntu uya kuthatha ukusebenza.
2. CPL okanye umqhubi wezorhwebo. Olu hlobo lwelayisenisi luvumela umntu ukuba ahambise imithwalo encinci, enze iindawo zokubhenketha zezokhenketho kunye nokuphakamisa isibhakabhaka esibhakabhakeni.
3. ATPL okanye umqhubi wendlela. Yintoni endiyithethayo, eli liqela eliphezulu labaqhubi, ukuvumela ukuba ulawule abahamba ngeetoni ezininzi.

Indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wendlela yokuhamba

Ngaba kuyafaneleka ukuba umntu anqume ukuba aqalise kule ndlela, njengoko ngokukhawuleza anokukhetha: ukuhambisa amaxwebhu kwisikolo se-flight okanye ukukhawulelwa esikolweni sezindiza? Okumangalisa ngokwaneleyo, kodwa ubuchule kunye nokuqhaqha kwayo kwimiqulu yomibini, ngoko makhe sijonge ngokwahlukileyo.

Masiqale ngezikolo ezindizayo. Umgangatho wemfundo apha uphezulu, kuba ixesha elongezelelweyo linikwe uqeqesho lwabaqhubi bee-pilot. Ukongezelela, abafundi bafundiswa kungekhona nje ukuhlola, kodwa nakweminye imigaqo-physics, i-mathematics eziphambili kunye nomthetho. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uvelise abaqhubi abasebenza ngokugqibeleleyo abakwaziyo ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngokubhekiselele kwizikolo, izikolo zendiza kunye nezikolo zokuqhuba ukuqeshwa ngokusekelwe kumyalelo welizwe. Oku kubangela ukuba abafaki-zicelo be-10-12 bafaka indawo enye. Ukongezelela, abaninzi abaqhubi beenqwelo-mbambano zenkampani baye babizwa ngokuba isiseko sobugcisa bezikolo zethu siphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngenxa yoko, abaphumeleleyo kufuneka bathathe iikhosi ezongezelelweyo ukuze baqonde iimpawu zokuhlola iindiza ezintsha.

Kodwa wonke umntu angangena esikolweni sezindiza. Apha, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba umntu unemali yoqeqesho. Umgangatho wemfundo apha ungaphantsi, nangona kunjalo kuxhomekeke kwisikolo ngokwawo nantoni na ootitshala basebenza khona. Ngelo xesha, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kulula ukufumana isatifikethi sePPL kwisikolo somoya, kuba apha ungathatha iiklasi zeeyure.

Utshintsho oluvela kwelinye iqela ukuya kwelinye

Bobabini nabesetyhini-abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zoMzantsi Afrika baseRashiya banikela imilinganiselo efanayo yokufumana ilayisenisi. Kuhlobo ngalunye lwexwebhu, bahluke, ngoko makhe sijonge:

1. Isatifikethi sohlobo lwePPL singatholakala ngabaviwa abafikelele kwiminyaka eyi-16. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka bafunde iiyure ezili-155 zezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye baqhube iiyure ezingama-47 kwindiza efana noCessna 172. Ngokomyinge, uqeqesho kuloluhlu luthatha kwiinyanga eziliqela ukuya kunyaka owodwa, ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu beeklasi kunye nohlobo lwesikolo.
2. Isatifikethi sohlobo lweCPL singatholakala ngabaviwa abafikelele kwiminyaka eyi-18. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka babe nelayisenisi ye-PPL okanye bahambe kule khosi ukususela ekuqaleni. Ukongezelela, kuya kufuneka bafunde iiyure ezingaphezu kwe-600 ze-theory, kwaye baphinde baqhube iiyure ezili-152 kwinqwelo-moya enye. Kwaye ekupheleni koqeqesho, ukuvala ezinye iiyure ezingama-30 zokuhamba ngeemoto kunye neeyure eziyi-12 - kwiindiza ezininzi.
3. Isatifikethi se-ATPL yinguqu eyinkqantosi yelayisensi yeCPL. Oko kukuthi, kuyakufuneka ukuba ufunde yonke into eyenziwe kwimiba yangaphambili, kuphela ngokuziqinisa. Ukongezelela, kuyakufuneka ukuba usebenze ngokufaniswa kweenqwelo zeenqwelo ezihamba ngeenqwelo ezihamba ngeenqwelo zeenqwelo.

Umgca wekhomishoni yonyango

Bonke abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya baqhubela isheke esichengileyo sonyango. Ngexesha elifanayo, liqhutyelwa kokubili nangaphambi kokuqala koqeqesho. Kwakhona, ikhomishoni yonyango iya kufuneka idlule yonke inyanga emva kokuqeshwa komsebenzi, ngaphandle koko umqhubi angeke avunyelwe ukuthatha.

Ubunzima bubangelwa kukuba nayiphi na iphoso okanye isigulo singabangela isizathu sesigqibo esibi. Ukuba sithetha ngeenqwelo zorhwebo, ngoko oogqirha banokunqanda ukuhamba, kuba loo mntu akanalo amazinyo ambalwa. Oku kubangelwa kukuba eso siphene sichaphazela intetho, kwaye oku, kwenza ukuba kunzima ukuthetha nomthumeli wenqaba yendiza.

Ukufumana umsebenzi ofanelekileyo

Ukukhangela umsebenzi, ngokuqinisekileyo, bonke abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zoMzantsi Afrika baseRashiya basekelwe kwiziphi ilayisensi abanayo. Ngoko, phambi kweCPL, kufuneka uzame ukufumana umsebenzi kwi-airline encinci enika iinkonzo zetyelelo. Ngaphandle koko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ucinge ngezikhundla kubafundisi kwiziko leenqwelo zezikolo, kodwa ke uya kufuneka uzalise iikhosi ezongezelelweyo.

Naluphi na amathuba amaninzi avulelwe abo banelayisenisi ye-ATPL. Kule meko, kungenzeka ukuba i-airline enkulu iya kukunika umsebenzi. Le nto yodwa, kodwa kuya kufuneka ukuba ubhalise kwiikhosi ezikhethekileyo ezikuvumela ukuba uqondise ukuphathwa kwe-airliner.

Ingxaki kukuba iindleko zabo ziphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukugqiba isivumelwano esithile, ngokuya kuthi umqhubi uya kutsala inxalenye yomvuzo wakhe ukuze ahlawule ityala kwi-airline. Ukongezelela, ekuqaleni isiqalo sivunyelwe kuphela kwisikhundla se-pilot yesi-2, ekubeni indawo yomphathi ifuna ithuba lokubhabha kwi-moya enkulu (ngaphezu kweeyure eziyi-1,5 iiyure).

Imisebenzi yomqhubi wendlela yokuqhuba umda

Iinqwelo-moya ziyavumi ukungavumelani malunga neengxaki zezopolitiko zasekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, kukho into edibanisa yonke into - ukunyaniseka kweemfuno malunga nabaqhubi bawo. Emva koko, akuxhomekeke kuphela kwikhuseleko lendiza, kodwa nakubomi babantu abagibeli.

Ngoko ke, bonke abaqhubi baqhubi bafuneka ukwenza ezi zinto zilandelayo ezintlanu:

1. Ukusebenza ngokusasaza indiza.
2. Njalo ulandele imigaqo yokhuseleko.
3. Ngaphambi kokufunda isishwankathelo seenkonzo zeemeteorological.
4. Hlola imeko yomkhumbi ngaphambi kokubaleka.
5. Ukusebenzisa imiyalelo ngokuthobela kunye neengcebiso ezivela kumlawuli wezithuthi zomoya.

Abaqhubi bezithuthi zoMzantsi Afrika eRussia

Uninzi lwabantu lisetyenziswe kwinto yokuba umqhubi ngumntu. Ngoko ke, kubo, umqhubi wesibhambathiso sokubambisana nomphakathi - oku kuyinto engaphandle kwesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, inyaniso kukuba amadoda nabesifazane bangakwazi ukulawula indiza. Kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile nanamhlanje bavunyelwe ukujoyina ii-airline ezinkulu ngokuqapha. Nangona kunjalo, eRashiya kukho imizekelo yabasetyhini abagijimayo.

Ngoko, u-Olga Kirsanova uye wahlola i-airplane yendiza enesisindo esingaphezu kweetoni ezili-100 kwiminyaka emininzi. Uqinisekile ukuba wonke umntu unokufumana indawo epakitini yemoto enamaphiko - into ephambili kukuba uyifune ngentliziyo yakho yonke. Kuyinyaniso ukuba u-Olga ngokwakhe kwafuneka akhuphe kanzima ukufezekisa isikhundla sakhe, kuba ulawulo lwenqwelo-moya lwawo alukwazi ukugqiba ixesha elide lokuqeshwa.