Abaphumeleleyo Olympic Games eGrisi yamandulo. Yintoni igama oyiphumeleleyo Olimpiki Games e Greece yamandulo?

Ukususela 776 BC. e. Greece waqala ukuqhuba rhoqo kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki ngokubaluleka. Le misitho into ebalulekileyo kubomi bentlalo yamaGrike. Abaphumeleleyo Olympic Games eGrisi yamandulo baba abemi edume kakhulu futhi abazukileyo-nkqubo yabo. Mhlawumbi le nto yonke inkwenkwe yayifuna ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba intlungu, ukuze ubonise onke amandla akhe nobukroti. Ngexesha le mikhosi udale umoya lobulungisa, apho abantu babonise izakhono zabo, impumelelo waba ilungileyo phakathi phezulu.

ulwazi zembali

UPlato igxininisa indima ebalulekileyo kwezemidlalo kuluntu. Ukuthandwa ngokubanzi imidlalo iye yanxulunyaniswa kunye awohluke yoluntu yamaGrike, apho umlawuli ubalulekileyo wovavanyo ukuziphatha kwabantu kwenziwa iqela labantu, ezinamandla okanye inkuthazo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukubaluleka kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki igxininiswa yokuba ngethuba lokuqhutywa wabo yemfazwe bangade bayeke eGrisi. Emkhosini kufika nje kuphela abemi abaninzi bavela Greece, kodwa amakoloni. Kukho kwakhona ukuba ababhali kunye iimbongi ukufunda imisebenzi yabo kumawakawaka zabaphulaphuli.

Le midlalo Greek Olimpiki Esokuqala imini enye kuphela, yaye emva koko - ubuncinane 5. kweliso ukhuphiswano yoluntu ezizodwa abemi yekhethelo. Ngaphantsi kwabo, abathathi-nxaxheba benza imidlalo malunga nenyanga phambi kokuqalisa ziintlungu.

Imbali ngokuqaliswa kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki

Ngokutsho legend, ugqatso idumileyo ehlabathini isuka ukususela kumaxesha Homeric. NamaGrike ngokwahlukileyo waxelela ibali ngemvelaphi ezi mkhosi. Abanye bathi kukhuphiswano yaqaliswa uthixo ephakamileyo emva kokoyisa kwakhe Izithsaba phezu. Abanye bathi ukuba uyise kwalo mkhosi wayengunyana ka kaZeyus - uTshawe yamandulo Greek neqhawe.

Evuselela Olympic Games ngo-776 BC. e. Ifit ukumkani. Nangona Greece elaqala isiqwenga iimfazwe elide kunye ingxabano. Ngokuphathelele oku Ifit wagqiba ekubeni abhenele koothixo. Waya Ugcino ukuya yezihlabo odumileyo. Pythia, evakalisa ukuthanda oothixo, wathi ukuze asindise abantu imfazwe kunye nezifo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuvuselela kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki ngokubaluleka. Emva koko, lo kumkani wacela irhuluneli Spartan of Lycurgus. Ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano kwi isgqibo, ekufuneka zibe kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki ngokubaluleka. Ifit Olympia wavakalisa umzi ongcwele, apho balelwa ukuba angene nezixhobo.

umthathi

Ukuze azi ukuba ngubani ngokwenene abaphumelele Olimpiki Games eGrisi yamandulo, kuyimfuneko ukuze ufumanise ukuba ingaba ngubani ukuthatha inxaxheba kule mibhiyozo. Ngokutsho imithetho zokhuphiswano kuvunyelwa kuphela amadoda mahala imvelaphi Hellenic, ngaphandle abo owakhe wabanjelwa okanye unetyala izenzo engalunganga. Ukongeza, ukuba bathathe inxaxheba engcungcutheka ayikwazanga amakhoboka hayi, basemzini. Kwakhona ukuba zikhuphisana kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki akayi ukuvuma abafazi. Ngaphezu koko, baye bade esalelweyo ukutyelela babe ngababukeli. Le Ngaphandle kuphela wayengumfundisi yendlu yesithixokazi Demeter.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nxaxheba kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki

Asiyiyo yonke amaGrike freeborn akwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimibhiyozo. Ngoko, kwakukho iqela imithetho ndayihluthwa abasebenzi amaGrike ezithwaxwa yintlupheko (nasakhulayo, neengcibi, abathengisi bempahla) ilungelo bakhuphisane Olympics. A ummi wagqiba inxaxheba umthendeleko, kwafuneka ukungqina ukuba akakho ngaphantsi kwe-10 iinyanga ulungiselela kugqatso nzima. Abonakalise iintsuku 30 zoqeqesho phantsi kwesikhokelo abagwebi imidlalo. Kwakhona, kwisiGrike kwafuneka ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokutshiselwa umbingelelo. Noko ke, yena wahlawula zonke iindleko ngokwakho. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki kunxibelelene kunye ukwahlukana elide esuka kwishishini undoqo bachitha intywenka yemali, ngoko ke abemi kuphela zifumaneka ngokwaneleyo kuqiniswe.

Inkqubo kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki kumaxesha amandulo

Ebudeni 13 zokuqala Olympics wangena inkqubo esebenza njengenyathelo esinye kuphela, nto leyo nama-192,27 m.

Gippicheskie (horse) I-zimoto kuqala kwenziwa ngomhla wama-25 th kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki ngokubaluleka. Okokuqala, baya inqwelo ezirhuqwa ngamahashe ezine. Kuba nomlinganiselo umgama kwi kumdyarho kukho inyathelo elinye elikhulu (950 m). Into enikisa umdla kukuba abaphumelele Olimpiki Games eGrisi yamandulo kukhuphiswano samahashe - abanini zokulwa, kunye namalungu ziintlungu.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo mthendeleko yaba pentathlon. Le nkqubo iqulathe nokubaleka, wrestling, jump elide, nentshuntshe kunye idiskhi. Iimbaleki tsibela emhadini intlabathi yolwandle esuka iyenzeka. Ngelo xesha linye babegcine impahla okhethekileyo - galtery. Lahla Xoxa evela kwimbali yomkhosi yamaGrike. guns ubunzima ibe malunga nama 3-6 kg. Silwenza disc amatye, isinyithi, nobhedu, itoti kunye neenkuni. Ukhuphiswano kwi kuzuba, uzilahle, njengoko umthetho, ephelekwa nembande lokudlala, kunye neembaleki intshukumo ngokuvisisana ukulele zomculo.

Yintoni igama oyiphumeleleyo Olimpiki Games e Greece yamandulo?

Olympic Games - yeyona kukhuphiswano inkulu Pan-Hellenic, nto leyo zabanjwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka-4. Amalungu ziintlungu bohlulwa ngamaqela kweminyaka emithathu: namadodana namadoda beardless. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba uPausanias, kwakukho 18 iintlobo ukhuphiswano kubantu abadala kunye 6 - zamakhwenkwe. Ngenxa yesithethe, womdlali ilungileyo naluphi udidi wamvakalisa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba iziganeko kule nkundla, kwaye kwaqhutywa ibhaso ngomhla wokugqibela kwalo mkhosi.

Oyiphumeleleyo kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki eGrisi yamandulo ebizwa Olimpionik. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yale mibhiyozo yaba ukunqulwa kwabadlali kakhulu. Lo msitho ibe ziinxalenye eziliqela, yaye waqhubeka kwi imbaleki ekhaya.

Ngenxa yoko, siye ingqalelo ukhankanywe oyiphumeleleyo Olimpiki Games eGrisi yamandulo. Okulandelayo siza kuthetha ngendlela ayeze iimbaleki ebalaseleyo.

Njani kwaye yintoni wawongwa abaphumelele Olimpiki Games e Greece yamandulo?

Lo msitho ibhaso leembaleki wathabatha kuqhubeka ngokwezigaba ezibini. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba isimemezelo khuphiswano waxelela lonke igama stadium kunye isixeko ophumeleleyo. Emva koko, xa dolihodromy-nkqubo wakhe wathumela (abathunywa) ukuxelela iindaba ezilungileyo kubo bonke abahlali. Ngosuku lokugqibela imidlalo esibingelelweni kaZeyus kwakhona laduma winner kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki kunye sixeko koko weza. Mbaleki Ndakhulela enemilenze lobhedu, ukhatshwa ngumculo. Ke abaphumelele Olimpiki Games eGrisi yamandulo zanikwa isidanga. Emva kokuba umsitho imbeko iimbaleki kwenziwa amadini etempileni kaZeyus.

Ukunqulwa winner-nkqubo ekhaya

Ubuncinane ngokusesikweni abaphumelele kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki eGrisi yamandulo kwaye iziqu kwi polis lokuzalwa kwakhe. Mbaleki ukungena esixekweni ngesango ephambili phambi kwabo bonke abemi wanobungangamsha. Kwezinye isixeko-Olimpionik wafika ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe ngokusebenzisa umngxuma omncinane eludongeni. Kubalulekile ngokukodwa ukuba ukwenza uloyiso Olimpiki weza yamasalela bangaze edolophini.

umdlali Outstanding uzukile etempileni engundoqo yasekuhlaleni. Kananjalo apha igcinwe wadlula isidanga oyiphumeleleyo Olimpiki Games eGrisi yamandulo. Kwezinye iimeko, emva olimpionikov zakhiwe imifanekiso kunye zemali lenza. Ngaphezu koko, baye bacelwa ukuba kwisikhundla iinjengele wakholosa kunye nokusekwa ngamathanga ezintsha. Emva kokufa olimpionika kwakhe kumgaqo-nkqubo zomthonyama iza wayesoyikwa nguthixo.

Indlela kuyizukisa abaphumelele ukhuphiswano eziliqela?

Abadlali abaye baphumelela uloyiso emininzi kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki, banikwa imbeko ezizodwa. ezinjalo olimpionikov Amagama ndankqonkqoza Emacebeni ka-Ashera Altis engcwele. Ukususela 540 BC. e. apha wavunyelwa ukuba ukwakha oqingqiweyo imbeko koyisa yakhe. Iimbongi enikelwe Iimbaleki ebalaseleyo ode ezikhethekileyo - epinikia. Amagama Greece yamandulo, abaphumelele kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki sele yenziwe iitafile ezikhethekileyo - bassikalii.

Abaphumeleleyo edume kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki

Xa abantu, kukho omaziyo encinane imbali yale mibhiyozo, umbuzo kusenokuvela: ngubani wokuqala i-Olimpiki Games e Greece yamandulo? Ngokutsho legend, ixesha lokuqala isidanga ngowakhe wawongwa Koreb. Yena ukuphekela elula, kodwa wakwazi ukwenza ukhuphiswano ngokubaleka. Yaba igama lokuqala Koreb kuluhlu olimpionikov Greek.

Enye iimbaleki abadumileyo ingqalelo Astilos of Croton. Waba ophumeleleyo amaxesha asibhozo imigama ezahlukeneyo Olimpiki Imidlalo ezine. Astilosa ikwazile obugqitha Leoniodu kunye yaseRhodes. Le mbaleki iphumelele izihlandlo ezilishumi wabafazi Olimpiki Imidlalo ezine.

Kamva, ukubaleka ibandakanywa kwinkqubo pentathlon. Best kwimbaleki ichazwe apha ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: isiphukuphuku iyapheliswa emva kukhuphiswano ngamnye. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba wokuqala i-Olimpiki Games eGrisi yamandulo kwinkqubo pentathlon - a Spartan Lampis.

Amadabi ubalaseleyo

Intshatsheli idumileyo yokulwa linqindi waba Diagoras yaseRhodes. Waba ngunozala lonke yobukhosi labadlali. Embindini V apha. BC. e. oonyana bakhe ababini baphumelela kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki (lokuqala - in umlo ngenqindi, wesibini - in Kungquzulwano). Ngokutsho legend, baba ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ibhaso waya kuyise waza wabeka nezidanga phezu kwentloko yakhe, wamphakamisa emagxeni akhe, wamsa ngeenxa endle. Elinye ilungu le abaphulaphuli wabuza Diagoras, leyo ulindele ebomini, kodwa umbuzo Spartan ayisa weva. Intliziyo yakhe wama mzuzu lobungangamsha.

Le karma idumileyo kwimbali kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki ithathwa Milo of Croton. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-14, waphumelela ukhuphiswano junior. Xa udidi abadala, amaxesha Milo 5 waba mlweli ilungileyo.

Ubuqaqawuli ehlabathini lonke nabo bafanelwe Evagor ukusuka Sparta kunye Kimon abaphezulu neAtene, owathi, kunye namahashe bakhe abane, izihlandlo ezithathu waphumelela ukhuphiswano gippicheskih.

UPawulos

Ngoko ke, lo kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki awuveli 776 BC. e., xa enesidanga yokuqala yanikezelwa Koreb. Le mikhosi abadlale indima enkulu kubomi yamaGrike. Jonga ukhuphiswano neembaleki ezibalaseleyo kufika nje kuphela abahlali abaninzi bavela Greece, kodwa amakoloni. Abathathi-nxaxheba kwalo mkhosi, ke, abeyilungisele elide ugqatso. Abazange kuphela wasebenza nzima emzimbeni, kodwa imali izityhwentywe zemali entlanganweni yimibingelelo. Njengokuba besesitshilo, oyiphumeleleyo Imidlalo Olimpiki e Greece yamandulo ebizwa Olimpionik. Kunye enesidanga womlowureli ubezukile yena ngembeko enkulu kunye nokuqondwa kungekuphela nje kumgaqo-nkqubo yakho, kodwa kulo lonke Hellas.

Umoya wokhuphiswano ibonakalisiwe ngokupheleleyo ezahlukeneyo intlungu kwezemidlalo. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi ukhuphiswano khange zokuzonwabisa nje, akazange abe nento yokwenza izithethe zonqulo. Iimoto baba yinxalenye itheko yaye uphawu engcwele.