Yintoni ezolimo? Imbali ukuvela kwezolimo

Agriculture, zezona yamandulo uhlobo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, livelise kakhulu edyokhweni kumazwe awahlukeneyo.

Yintoni ezolimo?

Sezolimo kwavela ngexesha lwenkqubo eyayingekaphuhli sisiphumo ixesha elide lophuhliso loluntu.

Oku kwaqala xa abantu sele esazi ukuba lizingela yaye wenza bebutha iziqhamo zasendle. lamandla oluntu iye kuzanywa kwimveliso yezityalo, ukhetho nokukotshwa lweentlobo kakhulu luncedo, impembelelo ethile bavumelane iimfuno zabo.

Imbali kwezolimo: ukuvela, imipu

Imvelaphi kwezolimo yaba ixesha elide eyadlulayo, xa abantu waphawula ukuba iinkozo ezahlukeneyo iziqhamo okanye iindlebe, esiwa phantsi (kunye evakalala), ziqhume nokuvelisa isiqhamo kwakhona. Kwaye ke lafika kuye, yaye ngaloo ndlela unako ukhule ukutya. Ukususela ngoko, baye baba iimbewu izityalo ezityiwayo kulima nokukhula.

Kuba ngokwembewu khetha ilizwe tyaba, ezo zibekwe kufutshane emanzini. Abantu baye bafunda ukuba athambise ukhula zazishenxisiwe komhlaba uhlobo ngamagaba, uze kweli lizwe, baya kuwaphosa ingqolowa. Yaba uhlobo igaba ezolimo. Emva emuncu, bona ndiyibize irhengqa equlathe enhle ngomthi okanye ithambo stem (handle), apho amaqhekeza elibukhali amatye.

Ukufika kwezolimo negalelo ekudalweni izixhobo ezitsha kunye nangaphezulu umsebenzisi-lula. Emva kwexesha elithile, abantu baye bakha ukulima. Ekuqaleni kwaba kanye ipali kunye iqhina elibukhali ekupheleni. Yena nje ebotshelelwe zeenkomo ngomqokozo. Esi sixhobo kufanele umhlaba kunye nabantu abaninzi, wawuqhutywa ukuba isivuno ukusuka mhlaba kulinywa iZiyon ibe liwuphakamele umhlaba, ngamagaba zigqithiswe. Balime ilizwe ilinywa nzulu kunye mbewu eyatyalwa nzulu ukunika isivuno esihle.

izityalo kuqala ikhule

Abantu Izityalo zokuqala hinkwavo a nerhasi, ingqolowa, namazimba. Kunye yokuzalwa yabo - Western Asia (Peninsula Malaya Aziya kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane kuyo). Kuyinto kwezi ndawo kwafunyanwa amatyotyombe kakhulu abalimi. Isiseko kwenzeka iminyaka eli-10 000 eyadlulayo. Ukusuka kwezi ndawo kwezolimo kuthe saa kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Oku kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kwezolimo kubakho ngaloo mihla, sele xa abantu ibe indlela yokuphila kwakhe, negalelo ekuveleni lwezinto ezintsha, ngakumbi izixhobo lula kwaye ziphuculwe. Ngokusebenzisa le nkqubo yaqala ukuphuhlisa ubugcisa - imveliso abasakhasayo Manual of izixhobo zombane ezahlukeneyo.

Uphuhliso lwemimandla yokulima

Inani elikhulu uphando zakudala kunye paleobotanic ucebisa imvelaphi ikhonkco yezolimo kumaxesha amandulo kunye yekhasi umhlaba ntaba neentlambo kwindawo sikwisubtropic. Isazinzulu owaziwayo N. I. Vavilov ichonge amaziko ezithile yamandulo kakhulu ukuvela lezolimo (VII-III nkulungwane BC ...):

1. SobuKristu (ingqolowa, ibhali, njalo njalo.).
2. Mountain Valley kunye nasempuma China (ingqolowa, irayisi, amazimba, njalo njalo.).
3. Mexico (pepper, iimbotyi njalo njalo.).
4. Umbindi ePeru (pepper, ithanga, umqhaphu, iimbotyi zesoya kunye njalo njalo.).

Yintoni ulimo kude Melika? Apho yavele kakhulu ngokuzimeleyo kwezinye iindawo lizwekazi, mhlawumbi a mandulo ngakumbi.

Emidala malunga nokuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko kwezolimo kweli hlabathi emva Areas Mexico: Peru, India, Bolivia, China, Egypt kunye Syria.

E Western Yurophu, ukuvela kwezolimo lisukela emva V-IV nkulungwane BC.

Ngomhla kummandla Russia kunye nakwimimandla ekufutshane nendlu yakhe, ezolimo intsukaphi ye Stone Age. Kwaye ke amaziko endala - zonke iinkalo Transcaucasia kunye Central Asia.

isiphelo

Kokuba kusetyenzwe umbuzo oko ezolimo, sinokugqiba ukuba akuba kakuhle lo msebenzi kunye nezilwanyana abantwana, abantu ushukume kancane appropriating (as in kudala) kulawulo kwimveliso yokutya - waya izixhobo ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yokuphucula umsebenzi. Oku kube negalelo ukuvela wobugcisa.