Zubov Platon Alexandrovich, luthandwa of uCatherine 2: engobomi, iifoto, ifoto

NgoJuni, ka1789, ukususela eSt Petersburg ukuya Tsarskoye Selo ceremoniously washukumisa mngcwabo asebukhosini. Ecaleni nqwelwana, ehonjiswe kunye monogram yobukumkani, wakhwela ihashe amabini yinzwana, solo iliso kunye nqaku wayo nobabalo. Ukususela iifestile izithunzi emva kwakhe rhoqo wayebukele amehlo lo mfazi, uphulukene ulutsha, kodwa uye wagcina iimpawu ubukhulu kunye owayesakuba ubuhle. Ngaloo mini kolundi eyinkunzi ke inkwenkwezi yintandane omtsha Catherine, ogama igama eliphumayo - Platon Zubov - laba uphawu zokugqitywa wolawulo mkhulu Russian uKumkanikazi.

umsebenzi Military, nto leyo eyaqala ngenxa kwedesika yomfundi

owuthandayo ophelileyo uCatherine II, HSH Prince Platon Zubov, A., owazalwa November 26, 1767, wayengunyana wesithathu isekela irhuluneli yephondo kunye nokulawula Imihlaba ye Bala Saltykov - ". ababenganyanisekanga olinene lonke ngurhulumente" Alexander Nikolayevich Zubov, lowo ababephila babiza Kuyabonakala ukuba wayefanele ukuba.

Okumenza neminyaka esibhozo ubudala, umthetheli elizayo, yaye ngelo xesha nje Platosha, ukuba bafakwe phoyisa kwi Guards Life bake butho. Logama nje inkwenkwe wakhula waza ofundileyo ekhaya, umsebenzi wakhe wamajoni baya ummango, yaye emva kwexesha waba wabeka kanye kukhuthazwa. Ulu okumenza wajika elinambini, watshintshelwa bathe kwi Ihashe Guards, yaye eminye iminyaka emihlanu, unyuselwe sezigodlo.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala umkhosi, leyo ke eFinland, uPlato ngowe-1788, apho kungekudala wafumana omnye umfutho, abe yesibini-mkhosi. Le inkqubela ekhawulezileyo ke enyuselwa omfana yachaza ukusekelwa Count Saltykov, apho utata wakhe waba ulawulo, kwaye leyo yahluke uPlato ngenxa yakhe "ukuthobeka kunye nentlonelo."

Sisiqalo sentsomi

Kodwa ke ukunyuka yokwenene umsebenzi wakhe meteoric baqalisa kanye ngosuku ehlotyeni, apho siye saqalisa ibali. Ngenxa ukusekelwa Count efanayo Saltykov, Platon Zubov, injengele soGuquko amisiweyo, thumela ku Tsarskoye Selo - kwakuhlala uKumkanikazi - ukwenza phaya bagade. Uhambise ungqamene i "ukuyeka" ye enye oyithandayo Count AM Catherine kaThixo Dmitriyev-Mamonov kunye nokuguga intliziyo, kodwa onothando uKumkanikazi eshiyekileyo.

Njengoko usazi, lilize konke konke ngokunxamnye nemvelo, yaye intliziyo yomfazi ngokukodwa, yaye wakhawuleza ukuya agcwale othembekileyo uKumkanikazi State Nikitichna lady Anna Naryshkin. Kwaba ngethuba lokulamla ithe rapprochement le nguzwilakhe Russian kunye wayethanda ngoko Konnogvardeytsy bakhe abancinci.

Ekuqaleni, wafumana isimemo idinala wanikwa kwincoko emnandi, waza ke wangeniswa namagumbi angasese uCatherine. Ngokucacileyo, uPlato waba efanele ingqalelo yakhe, kuba kwiintsuku nje ezintathu emva kokuba wanikwa ring iidayimani kunye namawaka-10. Engange eziinkozo, yaye emva omnye kweeveki ezimbini, ukuba wonyuselwa ukuba colonel kunye lomlawuli.

Kunokwenzeka ukuba, ngenxa umahluko iminyaka yabo (Catherine ngelo xesha wayesele phezu ezingamashumi amathandathu), eyayinalo abawuthandayo ezingamashumi amabini anesibini iimvakalelo zakhe mixed kakhulu loo nkanuko uthando umfazi ukuba aphile ngemfesane koomama. Kodwa ke, nokuba indlela, uPlato Zubov noCatherine babeba ndawonye. Kungekudala kuhlala ebhotwe, apho wayebekwe khona kanye neziqingatha ngaphambili olugcinwe ezihlangwini zakhe - Bala Dmitriyev-Mamonov. Xa ekwindla konyaka omnye, Zubov ndamiselwa sezigodlo ye-Calvary Corps khuthazwa ukuba jikelele enkulu.

owuthandayo Old ezihlangwini zakhe abatsha

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ke, ukuba iilwimi ububi ibango ukuba lo buhlobo nto kodwa ngenxa ngamayelenqe kwezopolitiko, uqalwa iintshaba kuphole soBekekileyo Prince Potemkin, Catherine lakhe kude ukusuka emthunzini, kodwa ihleli, nangona kunjalo, umhlobo wakhe abasenyongweni wezikhakhamela nempembelelo. Zonke ezazithandwa amadala proteges bakhe abaselula yaye ngenxa yoko musani yingozi prince-onamandla onke. Inkundla, aneliseke nempembelelo yakhe uKumkanikazi, yaye ndinqwenela ukuba ibhukuqeke ekhawulezileyo, kwakufuneka umviwa eyahlukileyo.

Potemkin, lowo ngelo xesha ulawulo Moldavian, uKumkanikazi wabhala ayithanda entsha njengoko wayebonakele kutsha nje "umfundi" kunye "abaqala '. HSH Prince, ukulawula ngqongqo kakhulu umsa yayo entliziyweni, ekuqaleni abangazange baqhoboshele ukubaluleka enkulu kwinoveli elandelayo. Ngokutsho ulwazi onazo yakhe, lo mfana kukha phezulu kakhulu kwaye imxinwa-nye loafer, kungekhona isoyikiso kuye.

"Ukubola 'ukuba aphazamise Potemkin

Phela, Potemkin wazama ukuba yena Zubov. UPlato, phambi uCatherine Prince mna wabhala ileta wavakalisa intlonelo yakhe kunye nokuzinikela kwakhe. Ekuqaleni, kwakubonakala nempembelelo, kodwa wezikhakhamela kungekudala abanamava, ingozi eqaphela, waqala ukulungisa uKumkanikazi nxamnye "apprentice" yakhe entsha ukumenza akholwe kwileta ukuba abantu 'abangenabuchule' yaye 'ingenamsebenzi ". Kodwa engalindelekanga ntoni - Catherine, njalo ngqongqo landela icebiso lakhe, eli xesha yaba restive, kwaye ngaw 'omane ukuba ahlukane entliziyweni yakhe elimnandi' lisha. "

Kukho ilejendi funny: kwileta eya uKumkanikazi, xa ebuzwa malunga nemeko yakhe yempilo, Potemkin wabhala ukuba wonke, kodwa ke kuthintela ukusuka izinyo, eyathatha eSt Petersburg ukuba agabhe. Akubuzwa ukuba le pun wawusalathiswa nxamnye amazinyo abatsha ngako Potemkin uCatherine wayefuna ukuba sahlukane. Xa phambili, kufuneka kuthiwe izicwangciso zakhe babesifa, ufumana i-onamandla onke olinene endleleni yakhe aseMoldova eSt Petersburg.

Amazinyo New entendelezweni uKumkanikazi

Xa ekwindla le efanayo ka1789 kwinkundla kukho omnye ummeli amagama amazinyo - Valerian, kuza yokuzalwa entsha oyithandayo. Lo mfana nyaka elishumi elinesibhozo, ukuba limelwe uKumkanikazi, ngoko nangoko iphumelele uvelwano zakhe ezinothando abe ngowenye "umfundi." Kuwo yena wabhala Potemkin njengomntwana, omhle ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye kuzo zonke lamalungu ayo. Ngokuba kuye, Catherine ucela indawo efanele kuphole emkhosini, leyo yena uyi, yaye angalandela yakhe pha isikhundla sikhulu. Kuyabonakala ukuba, i "umfundi" lubonise kakhulu amandla.

Ifudusiwe amaxwebhu umdla ebonisa Zasa nasemdeni ukuba uKumkanikazi ndihlanjwe ngeendleko ebuncwaneni omnye weenceke zakhe - Aleksandra Lanskogo. Baya kuthi ngexesha kwiminyaka emithathu iTabhore, wafumana ngubo kwaye unxibisa 100 lamawaka. Engange, kunye netafile yonke imihla, nto leyo edibana abantu ubuncinane amabini, zibiza ubuncwane amawaka 300. Engange.

Buqu, uKumkanikazi wamnika engange 7 million, zamadoda izipho ezininzi ezifana amaqhosha diamond kwi ibhatyi yakhe, izindlu ezimbini eSt Petersburg kunye ngamakhoboka abanakubalwa. Singatsho ngokuzithemba ukuba akukho zitshiphu ebiziwe kanondyebo kunye amazinyo. UPlato waba ukutshiseka kwakhe, kunye, wavele, ngokunxulumene kuyo, uCatherine ingakumbi nesisa.

Umntakwabo ngokugqithiseleyo ngokuqaqambileyo amehlo, wabandulula emehlweni akhe, wacenga ukumkanikazi ukuthumela kuye aseMoldova Potemkin, owayeza kuzala, ukuze indawo efudumeleyo kuye. Kwathi cwaka ngoko - ngubani owayenokwazi ixesha elide kangakanani na indawo ngokwaneleyo bobabini entliziyweni ubomi nokuva ngayo amabhinqa? Kuyabonakala ukuba, akukho nto benjenjalo ukucamanga Platon Zubov. Photo umfanekiso umzalwana wakhe, apho uboniswa xa umnqwazi kunye yayinqabile zabona, thaca kweli nqaku.

Qala imisebenzi karhulumente

Ngo-Oktobha ka Ngo1791 wafa umncedisi othembekileyo uKumkanikazi kuzo zonke kwimicimbi karhulumente - HSH Prince Potemkin. Kuba uCatherine kwaba buhlungu kakhulu, ngoku ke kuba waya kwenye onoxanduva lokwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo. Siye Kwakufuneka indoda ethembekileyo ekrelekrele, uhlala kufuphi. Ngoko igqwetha, ngokokubona kwakhe, sibe Platon Zubov. Zifundwa kakhulu njengoko kungekho mntu wumbi wasondela kule ndima.

Platosha Bakhe (ngothando ekubhekiswa kuye njengoko uKumkanikazi), kuye accustom ukuze imicimbi karhulumente naxa ubomi Potemkin, kodwa asinakho ukuba kulo unako ukuphumelela. Ngokutsho ayephila, Platon Zubov - yintandane uCatherine II - kunye iimpawu zayo yonke ebonakalayo, ophethwe aluyi ingqondo elibukhali, akukho memory nenkumbulo. Science Kucacile ukuba, kodwa yena wayekwazi ukwenza ngcono kwabanye umntu onengqondo afunda. Oku kwamnceda nolwazi olukhulu ulwimi isiFrentshi, awalithethayo ngokulula.

Emva kokufa Potemkin Platon Zubov, biography lwayo ngobuwena ngokupheleleyo umkhethe wenkundla, wavuka waya kwinqanaba entsha lonke kwiphupha lakhe. Ngoku, ukusuka 'umfundi' abathobekileyo nangentlonelo, uye ijikwe ibe-onamandla onke lakomkhulu, akujongwa ihlazo ukumngxolisa kwabo abanumzana kubo izolo cringed. Endaphuma usiba yakhe ngaloo minyaka iiprojekthi ezininzi elingaziwayo kwaye ezitenxileyo zoluntu, ezifana ekuthatheni izithuthi Russian ka Istanbul, ukoyisa eVienna, Berlin, kwakunye nokudalwa kwimeko entsha Austrasia.

Isimanga, kodwa kude kube ngoku kwizilumko nakwiingqondi kwimiba yeza phantsi kweempembelelo abazalwana amazinyo - careerists engenanto kwaye bahlupheke. Yena isalelo kwi ekuphunyezweni kweeprojekthi zabo bazikhohlisa ngezimali ngesisa kubo. Ngokomzekelo, yena wathumela Valerian nomkhosi kweli phulo, injongo yaba ngokoyisa wasePersi, ngoko India. Kukholelwa ukuba abazalwana bacenga uKumkanikazi ukuya gadalala ye esaqungeni Polish, nokuphelisa of Poland njenge geqe, intshutshiso Radishchev, Novikov kunye Freemasons kutshutshiswa.

E ephethe

Njengoko wangena force Platon Zubov, Catherine 2 Zasa nasemdeni zonke ezinkulu ndihlanjwe kunye nezalamane zakhe ezininzi ndawonye eSt Petersburg ngenxa ezintlwini nobutyebi. ozithandayo kaTata, Alexander, waba leNdlu yeeNgwevu, wathabatha izicengo, kunye norhwebo impembelelo yonyana wakhe. Abayi uhlale naye kunye namanye amazinyo.

Ngeli xesha, Platon Zubov ezikhuphile ngokupheleleyo incasa amandla, ikakhulu njengokuba zonke kuye kwandinceda. Nditsho umphathi omkhulu A. V. Suvorov ngovuyo wamnika atshate intombi ayithandayo. Enye misebenzi yethu emkhosini - M. I. Kutuzov - phezu memoirs ababephila, wakugqala njengelungelo buqu ukupheka Zubov ikofu, kwaye imbongi Derzhavin eyahlulelwe bacule zakhe laudatory. Ngokubanzi, njengoko ngalunye, ezama ukukholisa darling wethamsanqa. Famous Mfanekiso zipeyintwe yi Ivan Platon Zubov Egginka agcinwe kwi Hermitage, eselingeniswe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, ithetha ngaye ngelo xesha onwabe.

End of tale

Ukuphela umsebenzi lihle kangaka weza Nov. 17, 1796, xa Winter Palace ngesiquphe wabulawa umxhasi wakhe - uKumkanikazi uCatherine II. Phakathi kwabo isijwili ngokunyaniseka ukuba ukufa ngokuyintloko Platon Zubov - yintandane ka-Catherine 2, biography ukuba ukususela kuloo mini yaqala zokuphuhlisa indlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Nangona zonke iinkxalabo, lowo waya kwetrone loMlawuli uPawulos andizange ungawabandezeli okuthandayo kanina, wamthuma naye nje phantsi benze emdeni. Kungekudala, Noko ke, weva iindaba waqala ngokufihlakeleyo nokuthubelezisa phesheya imeko yakhe elingenisa kunokuba umonakalo appreciable kwinkqubo mali Russian. Ngaloo mihla izinto ezifana nayo zange Aluyi kuhla, kwaye umlawuli enomsindo wayalela ekuthatheni yonke impahla yakhe.

Nokuhambisana kufiwe

Ukuhlala amazwe ngaphandle imali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula iindleko zalo eqolo, Zubov kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele ekhaya, apho nangoko waba ngomnye nabavukeli ababebhala ukubhukuqwa Paul I. I koMlawuli yingozi kuba ubusuku Matshi 11, 1801 phakathi kwabo wangena Mikhailovsky Palace yaba namazinyo. UPlato, ngokutsho memoirs iziganeko Count Bennigsen party, yokuqala egumbini lokulala kaKesare, ngasemva kwakhe indulumbane nabantakwabo - Valerian kunye Nicholas. Mhlawumbi ke isandla sakhe wambetha ngesibetho lokumkani ofayo, kodwa igazi othanjisiweyo kaThixo ilale kuyo.

Xa ebukumkanini Alexander I Zubov wayebathembe gqitha njengoko inxaxheba buqu ekususweni komanduleli wakhe. Wabonisa unenzondelelo enkulu kwimiba awulungiselele litsha karhulumente (nantsingiselo, njengoko kwiminyaka edlulileyo), yaye waba ngomnye ababhali eseleyo yamkela umthetho ukupheliswa serfdom. Ngokwemvelo yena ichele eqhelekileyo, ukutshiswa ebudeni bolawulo uCatherine revolution, kwaye ebukumkanini umzukulwana wakhe Alexander wema i-siseko.

Kodwa yonke imizamo bakhe naziqhamo. Njengoko usazi, phantsi Alexander I, akukho nabavukeli eyayisakuba zingaphawulwa yi kwizikhundla eziphezulu karhulumente. Ngaphezu koko, le utyiwa ukubandezeleka lwangaphakathi yesazela, noMlawuli wazama ukuba bahlukane abo wamkhumbuza ukufa kabuhlungu kayise. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho kunye amazinyo. Platon Alexandrovich, singanikezeli iimeko, wemka eyinkunzi kuhlala e Lithuania, apho ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe brilliant, wafumana isipho esivela uCatherine II impahla okuphuma.

Kwase of "owayeligqolo Knight"

Kweli xesha lokugqibela lobomi bakhe, uPlato Zubov - yintandane uCatherine II, kunye uCroesus - indumasi i itshivela, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, uNomsa apho kwaba nzima ukufumana umsebenzi. Store kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwe ezifubeni bakhe nqaba ezaliswe ngegolide (ngokutsho iingqikelelo ngendeb 'endala, iwonga ngokulinganayo engange million mabini), yena azihlubayo ehluthwe abalimi yawo, kutheni abo aba ezihlupheka kakhulu kwisithili. Ebuhlungu uzabe nkqu iindleko kakhulu ezingephi, akazange mathidala ukuya iimpahla ezindala kunye nasemiqhokrweni yeengxondorha, zingawucongi imali yokuthenga entsha.

esehla uvuyo kuphela lakhe kwigumbi elingaphantsi, ukuba siceba igcinwe ezinothuli kwizikhongozelo ubutyebi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwase sokubhala A. S. Pushkinym odumileyo "I owayeligqolo Knight" wakhe nje amazinyo. UPlato, kule minyaka ngakumbi nangakumbi aphulukane ifomu zabantu, kanye kuphela, ngokungathi uvuka ukusuka iphupha, owayesakuba abonisa umdla ebomini.

Iminyaka yokugqibela wobomi ozithandayo yangaphambili

Legend na ukuba ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, kwenzeka ukubona xa intombi eyinzwakazi ngobuhle emangalisayo - intombi enomhlaba yasekuhlaleni. Xa waba umhlolo, waza wafuna ukutshata intombazana entle. Kwakufika yokwala kwakhe categorical, Bedaka endala abawathabathayo ongaphantsi esifubeni sakhe abagcina kwesigidi engange yegolide, kwaye nje bathenga intombazana amalahle uyise wayo.

Wagcina ubomi bakhe Platon Zubov ngo-1822 e-Kurland. Emva kokufa kwakhe, lo mhlolokazi ezintle bayithwala iintsalela eSt Petersburg, apho bathiwa waphumla engcwabeni zamanyange, ibekwe kwenye amabandla kaThixo Oziqu Zithathu-uSergiyo ezinkqantosini Strelna. indawo yazo lokugqibela yokuphumla, wafumana ecaleni kanye indlela apho iminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesithathu eminyaka eyadlulayo, umngcelele brilliant lingashukumi, waza yena, igeza unyaka-amabini, wakhwela emahasheni phambi kwamehlo i ukumkanikazi ezidala ...