ZamaBanga - it ... uMthetho ngokutsha kweebhanki

Bank ukudala ingxowa ukuba ukuqinisekisa uzinzo zemali kunye yokwenza izibophelelo xa kuthe kwakho iingxaki. Umthamo kwiimalizabo kufuneka ngaphezulu ixabiso nomgangatho ratio capital luyasebenza. Le yokugqibela i hlobo abathengi inshorensi. Ibonisa ukuba ibhanki unomdla kumsebenzi abaqhelekileyo kwi emarikeni. Ngapha koko, ukuba zabelo utyalo mali zazo, oko uqinisekisa ukuba baya kutyalwa ngenkathalo kwakhona. Kodwa ukonakala kweendlela elibukhali kwi umgangatho kwesikhundla mboleko eyinkunzi ukwanela ratio na ukulinganiselwa. Kulo mzekelo, ibhanki umngcipheko yokulahlekelwa le mvume.

uphumo

Ukuthintela nemeko ebalulekileyo, i-Central Bank ithatha amanyathelo ukuzinzisa imeko yemali mbutho. zophuculo olongezelelweyo - kukunikezelwa yi-Bank of Russia kumaziko ngetyala subordinated mboleko. Yena uyinxalenye olongezelelweyo mali. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa ezikweletini, namatyala Central Bank iza kubulawa lokugqibela. Umthetho ze inqanaba ngokomyalelo inxaxheba karhulumente kwinkqubo. mboleko enjalo inokunikwa ngokungangqalanga, ngokusebenzisa i-Arhente ukuze inshorensi idiphozithi (YOSUKU) kwi ngohlobo neentambo neentambo mboleko federal (OFZ). kwakusetyenziswa Udweliso efanayo, kunye yemali nengxaki ngo-2008 ngonyaka.

iindaba zakutshanje

NgoDisemba 2014 uMongameli Russian wasayina umthetho njengenkunzi olongezelelweyo iibhanki ali-1 ezigidi engange. Uluhlu YOSUKU "Lucky" epapashwe ngoFebruwari 2015. Mboleko ziya kunikwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa BFL, kodwa iimali-mboleko eziqhelekileyo subordinated. Oku kuya kunceda ACB ukusombulula umba zophuculo kweebhanki. Abenzi-sicelo kufuneka angenise ukuya 01/06/2015 wavuma ukuba zifumane i ukuzibophelela yi-Arhente kunye Central Bank - ukubonelela iimfuno ezithile zeli ziko.

iimeko

I-Bank, zingaphelanga iinyanga 36 yandiswa kakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-1% ye umthamo mboleko mboleko, imali-mboleko kumashishini amancinane kunye naphakathi. Kwakhona lobeko lwe lokungena nokuphuma kwemali kwi kwicala macandelo abaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho kunokwenzeka. Enye imfuneko kukwandisa capital share ungadlulanga owe-50% ye-mali ezifunyenwe iinzuzo okanye utyalo-mali ka-zabelo. Iibhanki kwiinyanga 36 ezayo akakwazi banyuse imivuzo kubasebenzi. Le into yokugqibela kukuba ukuba kakhulu kwaye okubambezelayo isikhokelo ukusuka isigqibo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule program. ZamaBanga - le uncedo, efumaneka phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu.

Kakuhle eli inkqubo

Kuba ngezoshishino uqoqosho lufuna isakhono nokubandakanywa enkulu karhulumente. Impembelelo zimali bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka kuphela. Iibhanki kufuneka akhuphe mboleko ekujoliswe enkulu. Le ngokutsha inxenye ngenjongo. Umbutho akafumani imali, "live" kunye OFZ. Ngelo xesha wayeza umdla inani elifanayo ngokwabo. Fumana kuphela ikota imali ekhoyo mali, nto leyo, mayingagqithi engange-25 ezigidi. Oko kukuthi, zophuculo olongezelelweyo - umlinganiselo umthamo yeebhanki zemimandla abanokufumana uthathe indawo enkulu kwimarike kunye nokuphuhlisa ngokuzimeleyo. Oku kuqinisekiswa ngokwemiqathango yale nkqubo, umbutho kufuneka ibe ipotifoliyo ukunyuka mboleko yenyanga yi-1% okanye ngaphezulu.

amava International

Intlekele eyehlele i-2009 lubonise ukusebenza kwale ndlela. Ngoko ke urhulumente US uye walungiselela zizigidi zeerandi ukubuyisela imeko yemali amaziko amatyala ngaphandle ukwayo. kweminyaka 4 kamva yaseYurophu Bank ngemali amaziko Greek esifikelela euro 50 ezigidi. Emva nokuzinziswa imeko-mali ifumana inzuzo net imibutho. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba njengoko wokugqibela Le yayiyimeko.

Umthamo kwiimalizabo amaziko yekhredithi yehlile ngenxa neemfuno Central Bank ukwenza oovimba. Inxalenye yale mali ivela kuphela ephepheni: OS overpriced, izixhobo, izakhiwo kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuthi isetyenziswe njengemithombo mali. Ukulawula imeko, i-Central Bank libeka imigangatho ezizodwa kwaye iitsheki ukuze ubone ukuba intlangano amathuba eyinkunzi.

Ukuze wenze oku, zibanjwa iimvavanyo ntshikilelo. iingcali Uhlalutyo lomngcipheko kukha phezulu, njengoko iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zoqoqosho kuchaphazela iziko. Ngethiyori, itsheki onjalo kufuneka kwenzeka qho ngekota. E Ukraine, oko kuthwalelwa phandle isicelo zeIMF ngo-2014 ngexesha lokugqibela. Ngoko ke iingcali ekuthini njengenkunzi wayeza kusabela kwimeko nencindi iidiphozithi kunye nokukhula ityala. Ngokutsho iziphumo zeemvavanyo kwagqitywa ekubeni capitalisation.

Ngomhla amathuba uphuhliso lorhwebo mortgage i

I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMali ulindele ukuba iibhanki ziya kuba nako ukwandisa umthamo siboleka ilifa lokwenene nge-15%. Kuyinto enye injongo, nto leyo ngqo ngokutsha. Kuthetha ukuthini? Iibhanki akayi kuba nako ukusebenzisa imali yokuthenga imali, njengoko kwenzeka ngo-2008. Ezi ziindaba ezilungileyo. Kodwa ukwandisa siboleka ekufuneka iya kuba nzima kunene. Kuya kufuneka ukunciphisa inzala kwaye uthabathe inxalenye zibophelelo. Sivumelana kule, hayi yonke imibutho. Ekubeni ukunyuka eyinkunzi - oko ngokuzithandela, i "VTB 24" yaye "Rosbank 'alile ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kule program, ekhala isibakala ukuba iingeniso ngokwaneleyo.

On ngabathengi iphenjelelwa yimiba ezininzi: iimeko zemboleko, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso yokuhlala ukuthembela ingeniso ezinzileyo. Ukuhla kancinane izinga ukuba neyalo ezinye iintlawulo ngenyanga. Akunakufane umlinganiselo uya kwandisa imfuno kule nkonzo. Nokuthathelwa indawo e amazinga enzala asezantsi unokukhupha kuphela ezo kubaboleki nembali ogqibeleleyo ngetyala. Bank Esi sikhundla sifanelekile na. Kwaye ngaphandle, hayi zonke ubolekayo bangaqinisekiswa ukuba yokuhlawula amatyala asifanelanga ukwehla kule minyaka 10-15 ezayo.

Iingcali ukuqikelela ukuba umphumo ube mhle yongeniselo eyinkunzi kuya kukhokelela irhafu ephantsi, ukwanda kweemfuno kwi Zinjengeqhezu "kuqoqosho", apho isabelo imicimbi mortgage yi-80%. Abantu umbuzo yokuthenga indlu sibi, ngokunenzuzo ukuhla encinane ekhulwini. Ezinye kubathengi abaninzi mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka ulinde utshintsho olubonakalayo ixabiso letyala. Isabelo-mali-mboleko kwi ipremiyamu ceke, kunqabile ungaphezulu-20%. Ngenxa yoko, izinga utshintsho akunakwenzeka ukuba negalelo kwimfuno. Uninzi nabathengi izindlu ezithengiswayo ukuhlawula ngezavenge iimeko ngamnye.

Bank recapitalisation: kufuneka wazi abagcinisa

1. Le ndlela yokulinganisa kusetyenziswa ukunyusa asethi okanye kugubungela ilahleko. Umqalisi ye-zabelo kundikhonza inkqubo. Kule meko sithetha ngokukhulisa imali-mboleko entsha.

2. Ubukho iingxaki ebhankini akuthethi ukuba kufuneka imali. Mhlawumbi Central Bank lihlaziye imigangatho, kwaye iziko lamatyala ayikho iinzuzo ngokwaneleyo accumulated ukusuka kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukuze kufikelelwe kwiithagethi. Nangona ngokutsha yeebhanki Ukrainian ngo-2014 yaye ilungiselelwe ukuba kugubungela ilahleko.

3. Okokuqala, ukusekwa kwezibheno zabelo. Ukuba abakwazi ukuba ngemali umbutho, ukuqala ukuhlola kubatyali ngaphandle. Umthetho zeemali olongezelelweyo yeebhanki kufuna ukuba zonke utshintsho kwengqukuva eligunyazisiweyo kufuneka zibhaliswe Central Bank. Emva ufaka imali kwi-akhawunti kwaye zingasetyenziswa njegawo nawaphi na amanye asset.

4. Ukuba kutsala Ukuhlawulwa kwetyala akukwazekanga yokugubungela ilahleko, ibhanki kufuneka uvale umthamo ushishino, okanye amatyala.

5. Ii-capitalisation olongezelelweyo - ingcebiso, kungekhona imfuneko. Ukwanda capital elingaqinisekisi ukuzinzisa zaloo mbutho. Ukuba shareholders yokunganyaniseki, ngoko ke imali ingasetyenziswa nizalise portfolio mboleko. Kulo mzekelo, kuyabonakala ukuba emva kwexesha elithile, umbutho kanye kuvela kwakhona imfuneko yokuba inkxaso-mali.

isiphelo

Enye yeendlela ezinokusetyenziswa ukuzinzisa imeko yemali kumaziko yamatyala - Capital Ukwandisa. Yintoni na? Ukunika uncedo lwezimali ibhanki-zabelo, i-Central Bank okanye amanye amaziko amazwe ngamazwe. President Russian ekupheleni 2014 basayina umthetho phantsi apho 27 amaziko ezithili Ungayifumana mboleko subordinated. Kodwa abafuna kancinane, kuba iimeko-mboleko ungqongqo gqitha.