Yiyiphi injini engcono: i-valve eyi-16 okanye i-valve eyi-8? Iinjongo zeenjini, ukulungiswa, iinkcukacha zobugcisa

Ukufunda iiforam zeemoto, unokuhlala udibana nombuzo ofanayo. Inxulumene neenjini kunye nezixhobo zazo. Abantu abaninzi baphikisana malunga nokuba iyiphi injini ibhetele - i-valve eyi-16 okanye i-8.

Mbambano ongunaphakade

Isiqingatha sabantu abanikazi bemoto siqinisekile ukuba iifom ze-8V sele ziphelelwe lixesha. Yaye ukuthenga imoto ngoloo moto namhlanje-kungenanto yokuchitha imali. Kodwa isityalo esinamandla se-valve eziyi-16 nenye into.

Isiqingatha sesibini sichaza ukuba, kunye nazo zonke iimfuno zabo, iiyunithi ezinjalo zifuna ukunakwa ngakumbi, zibiza kakhulu ukugcina, zifuna i-oyile yekhwalithi engcono. Yaye ukuba imoto leyo inquma ukudiliza, ngoko kulula ukunikela kwi-metal. Ngokukodwa xa ucinga ukuba iindleko zeenjini zixabisa kangakanani, i-8-valve motor kule ndawo iyona nto ingcono.

Makhe sizame ukufumana oko kukubakho, qwalasela zonke iingxaki kunye nenkunkuma nganye. Nangona kuthethwa ngokucacileyo ukuba enye yeeyunithi ezimbini iphakamileyo, akunakwenzeka. Abanye bafuna ukuba izityalo zithembeke kwaye zinyanisekile, abanye badinga amandla, iimpawu eziphezulu zobugcisa, ukusebenza kakuhle. Njengoko ubona, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zabaqhubi zibeka imisebenzi eyahlukileyo. Kwaye iimoto ziyahluka.

Ncinane malunga necandelo lobugcisa

Ngokomsebenzi wobugcisa, iinjine ze-8 kunye ne-16-valve zangaphakathi zomoya ziyahlukana phakathi kwazo. Kodwa zonke iintlukwano phakathi kwazo zikwindawo ephezulu - entloko yesithuthi. Apha kukho i-camshafts. Esi sisona sakhiwo esibalulekileyo esakhiweyo.

Kwaye abo bafuna ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi injini efanelekileyo - i-valve eyi-16 okanye i-8, kufuneka kuthiwa kuyo nayiphi na iyunithi unokwenza i-version 8V okanye i-16V. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimoto ezininzi ezivela kwiinjine zeAvtoVAZ zifana kakhulu nomnye ngendlela eyakhayo kwiinkcukacha kunye neendlela. Iinjini zeenjini ezifanayo zinokuxhotyiswa ngeentloko ezahlukeneyo ze-cylinder enye okanye ezimbini ze-camshafts.

8V motors

I-camshaft enye ifakwe kwisixhobo samandla. Ilawula ukusetyenziswa kweenjini kunye neenkqubo zokukhupha. Kwiingcamango, kubonakala ngathi. Kuyilo yelilinda nganye kukho iiplavini ezimbini. Omnye wabo wenzelwe ukondla umxube wamafutha kwigumbi lokutsha. Ivula xa i-fuel ifakwe kwisilinda. Iyesibini isebenza ngokukhutshwa kwegesi. Esi sigaba sivulwe ngexesha apho umxube otshabeneyo usu tshisile kwaye kuyimfuneko kuphela ukukhulula iigesi kwisistim sokukhupha. Ukuvulwa / ukuvalwa kwamavavane kulawulwa yi-camshaft. Inendawo eneenkcukacha zentsimbi. Xa i-shaft ijikeleza, icinezela la macandelo kwiiplavines. Ivula okanye ivala.

Ngoko ke, nganye isilinda ixhotyiswe iipiniveshini ezimbini. Kwaye ekubeni iisilinda zikwinqanaba le-standard 4, sinezinto ezili-8. Ngokuqinisekileyo, injini ye-4-cylinder ayiyona yodwa yunithi, yinto eqhelekileyo kuphela. Kukho ii-6-, kunye ne-8-, ne-12-cylinder injini. Kodwa ezi njenjini zizahlukana neemoto. Kwiilori, ii-8-cylinder injini zifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, injini YMZ 238. Iinevini eziyi- 16. Kodwa eqinisweni, nganye isilinda, kukho ukungena kuphela kunye nokuphuma. Amandla ale nqununu avela kwi-180 ukuya kwi-240 ii-hp kunye nenani elisebenzayo lama-14.8 ilitha.

Iinjongo zeenjini eziyi-8V

Ukuphendula ngokuchanekileyo umbuzo othi injini ibhetele - i-valve eyi-16 okanye i-8, kufuneka uqwalasele iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga. Masiqale ngeenzuzo ezinokuthi uhlobo lwesibini lwe-ICE lunalo. Inzuzo yokuqala kukulula. Eyona nto iyunithi yile, yinto engcono kumnini. Uyilo lweenjini zendalo sele luvavanywe ngexesha. Kukho ikhamera enye kuphela kwinkqubo. Kukho iipavini ezimbini ngeyilinda.

Amanqwanqwa amatshini awona ambalwa, iinxalenye ezikhungayo zeenjini ziyafumaneka kwaye zingabizi. Ngoko ke, ukulungiswa kuya kuba lula kwaye kungabizi. Ukungabikho kwezihlomelo zamanzi - oku kuya kubakho kwi-merits. Le nyaniso yenza ukuba uyilo le-8-valve unit lilula. Kodwa uyilo lubonelela ubukho bamashishini, kwaye oku kubini kunye nokunciphisa. Kulungile ukuba le ndlela ilula kunezixhobo zokuhlawula amanzi. Ngoko ke, ukuba kuyimfuneko, iyunithi ingatshintshwa lula okanye ilungiswe.

Nangona kunjalo-idatha ye-ICE ibeka iipiston, nto leyo, ukuba i-belting timing breaks, abayi kudibana ne-valves. Oku kudibanisa kakhulu, ngakumbi xa ucinga ukuba emva kokugqithiswa okukhulu kwenjini kuyadingeka . Ixabiso lolo "nwabisa" ngama-ruble angama-35-40 amawaka. Kwakhona, iingeniso zingabonwa "kwi-omnivorousness" yeyunithi. Akunaso imfuno yeoli kunye nokugaya ngokugqibeleleyo i-semisynthetic. Injini iphinde ihlaziye i-fuel (ngokwemvelo kwimida efanelekileyo). Kuya kusebenza kakuhle kwi-petroli yebanga le-A92.

Apha ungabona kwakhona izindleko zobunini. Ukulungiswa akuyi kuba kubiza, kwaye izixhobo zokuzikhusela zeenjini ziya kuba nzima, ukuba zixhalabisa iinjini zeAvtoVAZ. Omnye kunye kunye nobungakanani be-compact. I-camshaft enye, ngokulandelanayo, inxalenye ephezulu incinci kunenguqulo ye-valve engu-16. Kwimeko yokulungiswa kulula kakhulu ukufikelela kwi-generator, isiqalo kunye nezinye izixhobo. Oku kuya kuvunywa ngabo bafaka injini ye-valve eyi-16 kwiiklasi.

Iingxaki ze-8V ICE

I-negative first - amandla amancinci. Maxa wambi unokufumana kuphela i-15-20% kuphela. Ukuba amandla eyunithi unamandla angama-100, i-hp 15-20 kuphela. Iipavini ezimbini ngeyilinda zenzelwe ukutya kunye nokukhupha. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinkqubo zokutya kunye nokukhupha zihamba ngokukhawuleza. Ngako oko, akuyi kukwazi ukufumana iinguqulelo eziphezulu kwilolu hlobo. Siya phambili. I-DVS 8V ihluke ngokusetyenziswa kwepetro ephezulu . Iindleko zingaphezulu ngenxa yokujikeleza "i-injection-retraction". Injini kufuneka ichukumise i-gases zokukhupha ngamandla ngokugqithisileyo kwisakhiwo esisodwa.

Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ingxolo ephakamileyo, ngakumbi xa uhamba ngokukhawuleza. Ekubeni i-pusher ingumatshini, ihlala ifuna ukulungiswa. Kwinkqubo yokuxhatshazwa, umveliso wenziwa kubo, ngenxa yokokuba izikhala zivela. Ngenxa yabo ukusetyenziswa kwetyala lombane kuwela, kwaye imoto iqala ukwenza ingxolo. Ngoko ke umphumo ongeyiphumo wokusetyenziswa kwamagcini e-mechanical. Abaninzi abanqweneli ukutshintshela iifayili zeviniki rhoqo . Kubalulekile ukuba injini isebenze kangcono, kwaye akukho ncitho-ngaphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, injini ye-8-valve inokuthenjwa, ingathobeki, ilula, isebenze nayiphi nayiphi na ioli kunye ne-fuel system. Kodwa ekubuyiseleni sifumaneka ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwi-rpm ephezulu, amandla angaphantsi kunye nengxolo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba injini injini, ngoko unako ukuvala amehlo akho kulezi zinto ezingonakaliyo. Kwiinjini ezinesithuba se-8V ziqhuba ngempumelelo namhlanje. Kodwa nge-serially ayisekho.

16V motor

Ngecala lobugcisa, le injini inzima kakhulu. Intloko ye-cylinder enye, kodwa i-camshafts ezimbini. Baqhawule umtshato ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko inani leenjini zenyuka. Akukho zimbini, kodwa iinevini ezine ngeyilinda. Ezimbini zazo zenzelwe ukufakwa kwamanzi. Ezinye - ukukhululwa.

Yintoni engayinika umnikazi wemoto?

Into yokuqala nayiphi na iVAZ 16-valve-oku kuwona mandla ngamandla. Injini inikwe amandla omxube omkhulu, kunye nokukhupha igazi ziphuma kwii-cylind ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwemvelo, ukusebenza kweemoto kuyanda. Kwamandla angongezwa ukusuka kwi-15 ukuya kwi-20 hp. Kunokwenzeka kwaye kuninzi, kodwa oku kuxhomekeke kumthamo wunithi yekhonkrithi. Isixhobo sesibini - abahlawuli bamanzi. Iinjine ezintsha zeVAZ kunye ne-16V ubudala zixhotywe ngale ndlela. Ngenxa yabo, i-valve ixinzeleleke ngakumbi kwi-camshaft. Ukusebenza kweemoto kuhambelana nomgangatho wezandi ezantsi.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukunyanzelisa komsebenzi. Kwakhona le moto iyona qoqosho. Iiyunithi ezinjalo zinobuhlobo bendalo. Oku kuphunyezwe ngokuchaneka kwexesha elichanekileyo. Ngokwemvelo, ukuxhamla ngokusingqongileyo akusebenzi kwizixhobo ze-dizeli, nangona injini ye-YaMZ 238 ibuye ibe ngu-16V. Kodwa ngeYaMZ, akukho ezine kodwa izilinda ezisibhozo kulo. Ngako oko, nganye isilinda sinamagatya amabili.

Izinzuzo

I-DVS inamandla kakhulu kunomlingani wayo we-8V. Ngokwemvelo, le meko ibhetele ngeendlela zokukhawuleza, kunye nexesha eliphezulu.

Ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kuncitshiswe, okokuqala ngenxa yendlela yokuyila kwinjineli, kwaye nangenxa yokuba umatshini unokukhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye akudingeki ukuba ujikeleze imoto ixesha elide kwii-revs high. Umsebenzi uhambelana nesandi esincinane ngenxa yempawu zokuyila, kunye nangenxa yobungqina bembuyekezo. Akukho sidingo sokulungelelanisa iiplavines. Kwaye oku kukhulu ixesha lokugcina.

Iingxaki

Cishe yonke i-valve engu-16, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni umenzi, ixhotyiswe ngabahlaziyi bamanzi. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo eziqhelekileyo, ufuna i-oyile esemgangathweni. Namhlanje iimveliso ezinjalo azibizi.

Kwakhona, imoto idinga umgangatho wepetroli. Kungcono ukukhupha injini nge-octane ephezulu. Ekugqibeleni, iyunithi inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuba ii-pistons zidibana neepavini, i-injini enkulu iyayimfuneko. Intlawulo yenkqubo ivela kuma-ruble angama-35 000. Kwakhona, idatha ye-ICE inkulu, eyenza ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kunzima. Ukongeza, umvelisi uhlala ebeka intloko yeplastiki. Kukho konke malunga neenzuzo kunye nokungahleleki kwezi njini ezimbini. Kodwa ndimele ndithi kuloo ntengiso yesibini, phakathi kwabakhiqizi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, unokudibana nenani elikhulu lee-8V. Kodwa ukutyekela kwabo kuhla rhoqo. Ngoku ke faka injini ye-valve eyi-16 kwiiklasi.

Amandla, isantya, ukulungiswa kwi-SRT

Kulabo abathanda ukutshintsha i-accelerator nzima, fumana iimpawu ezintle ezivela kwimoto, isantya esiphezulu, ukhetho oluhle yi-ICE-valve ye-16. Iimpawu ze-valve eziyi-8 kufuneka zilibaleke ngonaphakade. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukutyelela i-SRT rhoqo.

Ukulula, ukuthembeka, ukuzimela

Kwabo abahlala ngaphandle kwesi sixeko kwaye bacinge ngeyona injini engcono - i-valve engu-16 okanye i-8, ngelixa uceba ukukhwela ezindleleni ezimbi okanye ukuqhuba i-trailer, ngokuqinisekileyo ukhetho lokugqibela. Kodwa kufuneka utyunjiswe kwingxolo kunye nokunyuka kombane.

Uloyiko malunga nexesha

Abanqwelisi abaninzi banomdla kakhulu malunga neepavini ezivumiweyo kwiinjini ze-16V. Ezi nkalo zichanekile.

Kodwa kufuneka kuthethi ukuba akukho injini echaphazelekayo yiyo. Ukuba iyunithi isebenza ngexesha, akusayi kuba nombuzo wokuba iiplavesi kunye neepiston ziya kuhlangana. Ngaphezu koko, ngoku kukho iiyunithi eziyi-16V, apho kusetyenziselwa ikhenketho endaweni yebhanti elithile. Ayibhidli kwaye ihlala ixesha elide kunokuba iqhathane. Ngoko ke, ungayeki izinto ezilungileyo ze-ICE 16V.