Yintoni na uqoqosho? Primary, ibhanki, amacandelo kamasipala, yabucala mali kuqoqosho

Amacandelo ezoqoqosho anxulumene kunye namanye amashishini nganye. Kule ngxoxo zakha inkqubo enye. Le nkampani kwindawo lemarike uthathwa into enkulu kwezoqoqosho. indima yayo ebalulekileyo kakhulu kule nkqubo. uqoqosho lwelizwe nje esabela ngayo indawo article kulo lonke. Le nkampani yahlukile kwaye inyanzelekile yelo kwezinye kwicandelo lezoqoqosho okanye ngokukodwa. Kamva kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela ngokweenkcukacha oko okwenza kumacandelo ezoqoqosho yesizwe ye-Russian Federation.

ulwazi jikelele

Kuyinto ezisitheleyo uqoqosho lwelizwe liphela liqumrhu noko ezintsonkothileyo kunye neguquguqukayo. Inkqubo yonke imelwe kumacala ahlukeneyo, ngenxa kwiyantlukwano inkqubo yemveliso. Ubume kumacandelo ezoqoqosho ibonisa isakhiwo, kwaye umlinganiselo kweeyunithi ekhoyo ezisezanti, ubudlelwane kunye ibathwana kwasekwa phakathi kwabo. Uphononongo ndlela ezahlukeneyo kubalulekile kuphuhliso imisebenzi yezoqoqosho likarhulumente, ifoun yeencindi.

Sphere ukwakha inkqubo

Ngokwembono yokhululo zoluntu imveliso aggregate kunye nengeniso yabelwa ezimbini indawo enkulu kangangoko nengenzulu: inxalenye non-nemveliso kunye nemveliso eziphathekayo. Le yokugqibela iqulathe ezisezantsi eziliqela. Zezi:

• imboni;
• imithwalo;
• amahlathi, ezolimo;
• ukukhonza inkqubo yonxibelelwano yamashishini;
• trade;
• computer kunye nolwazi neenkqubo;
• catering;
• zokwakha.

Njengenxalenye kwisigaba non-imveliso ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Housing;
• ukhuseleko loluntu;
• uqeqesho ngokomzimba;
• umkhweli buyo;
• ekukhonzeni abantu kunye nemibutho kulo unxibelelwano isigaba;
• ezobugcisa nenkcubeko;
• iinkqubo-inshorensi yetyala;
• imfundo;
• ezempilo;
• Iinkonzo zenzululwazi ingakumbi nenzululwazi jikelele;
• imisebenzi kwisixhobo solawulo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le nkqubo iquka inani elikhulu lemibutho, iinkampani, imibutho.

Ubume kwenkqubo

Eshwankathela iimpawu kweenkqubo zoshishino, onke amacandelo zemveliso mveliso entsonkothileyo yaye wenza ukugawula zibe kumacandelo. Eli gama kufuneka iqondwe zizo zonke iiyunithi yeziko ngaphandle imisebenzi efanayo, iingxaki zokuziphatha. Kukho ukuhlelwa ezisezantsi ngokungqinelana umsebenzi. Ngoko, kwi Russian Federation kubabela icandelo lwangaphandle kwaye le nkqubo, equka amaziko karhulumente, amashishini kunye namakhaya. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

Companies

Njengenxalenye yale candelo loqoqosho Russian kukho imibutho eyahlukeneyo. Imisebenzi umntu ingabhekiswa kwi inzuzo. Abanye awanalo iwonga "non-nzuzo" iinkampani. Umda ishishini kuquka iinkampani zemali kunye nezo zingafuni mali. Le yokugqibela kufuneka ibandakanye iinkampani zorhwebo ababandakanyekayo imveliso yempahla okanye ubonelelo ngeenkonzo inzuzo. amashishini Non-mali imibutho engenzi-nzuzo ukuba musa ukulandela injongo lokuzuza kwimisebenzi yabo. Ixabiso kule Ukuhlelwa na umlawuli. Kuxhomekeka kwisimo sayo amashishini karhulumente, abucala kunye angaphandle ekhoyo. kwicandelo zeMali ubandakanya zombini unxulumano eyeyakhe nengeyiyo eyorhwebo kwakunye nezorhwebo. Imisebenzi yale ndawo swi yoxolelwaniso, i-inshorensi, ulondolozo kunye njalo njalo. Kwicandelo logcino iquka nezithembiso achaphazelekayo (CBR, umzekelo). Kuba eli candelo ziquka ezinye iinkampani zorhwebo. Kwicandelo mali zibandakanya iimali utyalo-mali, inkxaso, yomhlalaphantsi, i-inshorensi, ingqesho, iziseko wesisa ngokoluvo kunye nemibutho, ukutshintshiselana kunye namanye amashishini.

Ofisi Government

Eli candelo libandakanya amalungu ahlukeneyo leenkundla kunye nesigqeba esilawulayo kunye namasebe zomthetho. Kule ndawo efanayo komsebenzi ibandakanya iimali Ukhuseleko lweNtlalo kunye ishishini non-nzuzo ezilawulwa zizo. Umda amaziko karhulumente, yena, yahlulahlulwe kuqoqosho federal, zommandla kamasipala. Inqanaba eliphezulu lwangaphakathi asezantsi. Imisebenzi yee-arhente zikarhulumente kulawulwa ngumthetho.

amakhaya

Icandelo lezolimo kuqoqosho, ikakhulu idibanisa odlayo iziqalelo. Ezi ziquka, ngokukodwa, neendidi imboni ukuba lakheke. Eli candelo loqoqosho wahlulwe ngelinye inani. Economy iyonke ihlelwa lisebe zabasebenzi, zemfundo zobungcali yomntu omele njengenkokeli, ngokunjalo, enyanisweni, ngokusekelwe umsebenzi. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlobo iingcali yengeniso phawula sub-ndidi zilandelayo: Ndiphangela, ingeniso evela kwipropati, abaqeshi. Xa kwama inokuba ziquka amancedo inani lamalungu okanye umthamo kwingeniso epheleleyo kwindawo yayo.

"Ukuphumla of the World"

Eli candelo loqoqosho ibandakanya isethi iiyunithi yeziko. Ezi izinto nonresident amalungiselelo kwamanye amazwe. Noko ke, kufuneka consulates, nonozakuzaku, unxibelelwano, iinkcukacha, kunye neminye imibutho kwi kummandla Russian Federation. Eli candelo uqoqosho ngokusondeleyo-nkqubo yelizwe langaphandle. Oku kuquka kuphela lombutho non-abahlali, kodwa ezo ukunxibelelanisa kwabo basebenzisane.

nezinye iintlobo

Xa kuqwalaselwa umsebenzi zoqoqosho kwilizwe liphela, iingcali bahlule kwakhona amacandelo oluntu nawabucala kwezoqoqosho. Njengenxalenye yenye zokuqala amaziko, iinkampani, imibutho, amashishini, ulawulo leyo inikwa izixhobo yolawulo karhulumente. Ummiselo kwama karhulumente yesibini alisebenzi. Funds kwakhona amacandelo non-emarikeni kunye nemarike. Loo kucalulo lusekiwe ngokwembono kobudlelwane kwicandelo yorhwebo. Ukuze icandelo elithile le rhwebo luphawulwa inkqubo yemveliso. Iinkampani benza imveliso kwempahla, ukuyilwa ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo iindleko urhwebo, ifuthe kwi imfuno. Kule kwiklasi enye zaba yi iimveliso unaniselwano okanye iingcebiso, nakumlibo kweempahla ugqibile, intlawulo umvuzo in uhlobo. Ngaphakathi kwicandelo non-lorhwebo kuqoqosho kukho umba iinkonzo okanye iimveliso, ezisetyenziswa ngabanini nkampani okanye ngqo zabavelisi ngokwabo. Kwakhona zingenziwa simahla okanye ngexabiso ukuba zibe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo xa enyanzeliswa ukutshintshwa kwempahla okanye iinkonzo. Kulo indawo yomsebenzi kufuneka yabelwe kunye necandelo iphambili kuqoqosho. Luhlanganisa ushishino, nto leyo zinxulunyaniswa ukuvelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ekrwada kunye kuqhutyelwe phambili. Icandelo ephambili kuqoqosho kubaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso kwelizwe liphela.

amasebe

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwicandelo lezoqoqosho akhiwa iintlobo yohlobo olunye ngezigaba. Le misebenzi ngokuba namasebe. Ngokutsho manani ngamazwe, inkqubo yonke noqoqosho wohlulwe "imveliso yempahla" yaye "nkonzo". Udidi lokuqala kufuneka ibandakanye imisebenzi yezolimo, kushishino, ukwakhiwa kunye nezinye iinkalo zemveliso lwamaxabiso eziphathekayo (ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ekrwada, upapasho, berry ukukha, njalo njalo). Ecandelo iinkonzo kufuneka zihlelwe kwezemfundo, ulawulo loluntu ngokubanzi, ezorhwebo, ukhathalelo lwempilo, ukuzithethelela njalo njalo.

izakhiwo Cross-mveliso

Ezi ndidi kwakheka ngaphakathi kumacandelo athile ezoqoqosho okanye phakathi kwabo. Phantsi cross-ukusika complex ukuba inkqubo uhlanganiso, nto leyo azakubalulwa impefumlelwano amacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi, izigaba wokwenziwa kunye nokusasazwa yakuqonda. Umzekelo, kushishino metallurgical nga kuchongwa, amandla amafutha, amacandelo umatshini. Izakhiwo ezidibanisa onke amacandelo ezoqoqosho, iphawulwa isakhiwo ezimbaxa ngakumbi. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, zibandakanya, endaweni esakhiweni.

EkuJoliswe kunye neenkqubo ezisebenzayo

Isiseko sale yokuhlela ezisekelwe kwindlela yokugweba ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuba izakhiwo ekujoliswe eqhelekileyo umgaqo ukuzala. Xa intliziyo yale nkqubo ke bemfuno inxaxheba ahlukeneyo ekuvelisweni imveliso yokugqibela. Njengoko imizekelo sikhonze ezothutho, amafutha kunye namandla, agro-mveliso nezakhiwo. Xa iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwiimpawu ezisebenzayo isetyenziswa kwaye umgaqo obungcali yayo ngokungqinelana umsebenzi othile. Kulo mzekelo, e Imizekelo ikholoji, lwenzululwazi nobugcisa, izakhiwo utyalo-mali. Ukudibanisa iyantlukwano asakhulayo - yinto sisiphumo kuphuculo lomgangatho kwimveliso ijoliswe kwiimfuno zentlalo ezanelisayo.

Uphuhliso lobume kwezoqoqosho eRashiya

Ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, inkqubo yoqoqosho yesizwe Russian akwenzeki njalo. Utshintsho kulo kunokwenzeka mhlawumbi izenzekele okanye phantsi kwempembelelo yomsebenzi olawula karhulumente. Ukongeza, nempembelelo enkulu kunye ezahlukeneyo iimeko zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Le yokugqibela ziquka ukhuphiswano kwiinkampani yokuvelisa phesheya. Okubaluleke kakhulu okusingqongileyo lwangaphandle yoqoqosho - imeko zemarike zehlabathi kwiintlobo ezithile iimveliso, kwakunye iindleko zamafutha. Imiba yangaphakathi ziquka umsebenzi utyalo-mali, ukhuphiswano impahla eyenziweyo, amandla emveliso kunye namandla, ngesidanga bafuneka kangakanani.

Imiba echaphazela uphuhliso loqoqosho

Phakathi izixhobo eziphambili negalelo kuphuhliso loqoqosho, kufuneka ngokuba iinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo, ngenkxaso-mali, notyalo-mali karhulumente, ukuthengwa, kwakunye ezahlukeneyo iminyinyiva okukhethayo amashishini, amaqela oshishino kunye nemimandla. Ngokutsho umhlaziyi, imfuno emifanekisweni, ukuphuculwa imisebenzi yezoqoqosho ye-Russian Federation sibangelwa utshintsho eziphambili kweli lizwe. Endaweni kwenkqubo yolawulo-umyalelo ixesha elide elizayo ubudlelwane emarikeni. Kulo mba, uhlobo lwemisebenzi zoshishino kufuneka athobele nesimo sangoku. Ukuphucula kunye nophuhliso ngokuhambelana neemfuno ixesha kunokwenzeka eRashiya linani leemeko. Kubalulekile ke ubukho kweli lizwe kwezibonelelo enkulu yendalo, izakhono zabantu, kunye nokuphunyezwa yophando oluqhubekayo lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe.

isiphelo

ERashiya, oko iyaphuhliswa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukugcina kunye nophuhliso kuqoqosho. Ngokukodwa, kwishishini oyile kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke ukuyilwa kwimibutho nkqo edityanisiweyo. imisebenzi yabo swi kwimveliso nje kuphela, kodwa ke processing of raw materials zivela kwimithombo kwezimbiwa. Kumashishini metallurgical ubonelela yokwanda rhoqo somxholo kunye nomgangatho metal zaveliswa. Ukuze afeze zonke izicwangciso zakhe ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ophezulu-zobugcisa, amacebo amatsha imveliso phambili. Ngokunxulumene ukunyuka eqikelelwayo amaxabiso yesinyithi, ishishini yenye yezona ubenomtsalane kutyalomali. Oku, ngokukhawuleza kuya kukhokelela ekuphuculweni ezi kwamashishini. Industry ebonakala kwinqanaba eliphezulu yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa (umzekelo, imveliso enomjukujelwa kunye nendawo iinkqubo, ishishini zenyukliya, indawo biotechnology, izixhobo umatshini enzima, njalo-njalo), urhulumente inika inkxaso ethe ngqo. Oku kuboniswa ngendlela ngeekhredithi ngaphandle, zonke iintlobo mali, utyalo-mali loluntu kunye nokuthengwa. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela iphambili ngokutsha uqoqosho Russian kunye neenkxalabo re neenkampani kwamahlwili kunye nomthamo zomthetho, ukwandisa imveliso sempahla ezifunwa kakhulu kuzo zombini iimarike kumazwe angaphandle kunye zasekhaya. Yinxalenye yokuphuculwa kwenkqubo kucingelwa ukuba ukuyilwa iimeko kangangoko ukwenzela uphuhliso imisebenzi eliphezulu kwaye elizayo, uhlobo lunokwenzeka kwezoqoqosho karhulumente.